1、 (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020宁波重点中学教学质量评估)Every year between May and September, all 54 employees of Basecamp, a Chicagobased web application company, have a short work week: just four daysa total of 32 hours. Also, they usually work five days a week for the rest of the year.“Thats plenty of time to get gr
2、eat work done. This is all we expect and all we want from people，” says Jason Fried, a cofounder. “Working 50， 60， or 70plus hours is unnecessary. In fact, if you have to work 50， 60， or 70plus hours a week, theres a management problem.”The companys summer workload must fit reduced hours, Mr.Fried i
3、nsists, otherwise the benefits of a shorter weekto recover from work, enjoy time with family and pursue(追求) outside interestswould be undone.His new research finds that it is not just long hours that are harmful to employees physical and mental health. It is also the intensity(强度) of work. Moreover,
4、 it suggests that intense work harms career prospects. That is because unbearable hours and intensity are in the opposite direction, reducing the quality of the work.The research concludes that the level of intensity we apply to the work we do is generally “a stronger predictor of unfavorable outcom
5、es than overtime work”The research compared people of similar jobs and education levels, and found they were more likely to suffer poorer happiness and worse career prospects, including satisfaction, security and promotion, when they worked at an intense level for long periods.【解题导语】本文以一家总部位于芝加哥的网络应
6、用公司Basecamp的54名员工将近半年时间每周只工作4天，共32小时的情况为例说明了较短的工作周有益于人们的身心健康，并以一项研究来证明。1What do we know about Basecamps fourday work week?AIt lasts nearly half a year.BThe work pressure is too high.CThere are some management problems.DEmployees work more than 8 hours a day.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，一家总部位于芝加哥的网络应用公司Basecamp
7、的54名员工在每年5月到9月期间每周的工作时间都很短：只有4天，共32小时，持续5个月，大概半年时间，故选A项。2What does Mr.Fried intend to say in paragraph 2?AGiven plenty of time, people can do more.BTo get work done well needs plenty of time.CPeople can do a job very well in a short work week.DA long work week is appropriate for reduced workload.C解析
8、：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Working 50， 60， or 70plus hours is unnecessary. In fact, if you have to work 50， 60， or 70plus hours a week, theres a management problem.”可知，弗里德先生认为一周工作50几个小时，60几个小时，甚至70几个小时是没有必要的。如果真这么做了，管理上是有问题的。由此推知，弗里德先生认为人们可以在短时间内把工作做好，故选C项。3What can be the best title for this passage?AMore Work
9、, More ProfitsBLess Work, Less BenefitsCShorter Week, Better RewardDLonger Hours, Higher IntensityC解析：标题归纳题。文章第一、二段以一家总部位于芝加哥的网络应用公司Basecamp为例，说明了较短的工作周的好处。第三段介绍了较短的工作周的好处。第四至六段介绍了一项有关工作时长和工作强度对人的影响的研究，更进一步印证了较短工作周对人身心方面的益处。由此可知C项最能概括全文内容。BNearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes a
10、nd failures in driverless vehicles. But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology. One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. Companies are experimenting with hightech tools that can help far
11、mers save time and money, while reducing environmentharming chemicals.One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. The robot has four wheels to carry it through the fields in search of weeds. Computercontrolled a
12、rms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide(除草剂)Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun. It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles. A farmer can also
13、 control the equipment through a smartphone.The cofounder of ecoRobotix, Aurlien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods. This is because the system uses exactly the right amount of chemical in the exact place required to kill the weeds. Cur
14、rently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants.Another company developing farm robotics is Californiabased Blue River Technology. The company has a system called “See & Spray”， which it claims was the worlds first smart sprayer. The systemwhich is connected to the
15、back of a tractoris also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow. Ben Chostner, vicepresident of business development for Blue River Technology, explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the sa
16、me deep learning methods used in facial recognition. “The first time the machine saw a pigweed, it didnt know what kind of plant it was. But we taught itby giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweedand now its an expert in pigweed.”【解题导语】研究者们正在试验农业方面的人工智能高科技工具，这些工具可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环
17、境有害的化学物质。4How will AI benefit agriculture?AIt will fund agriculture research.BIt contributes to lowcost farming.CIt can avoid harmful chemicals.DIt frees all farmers from field work.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Companies are experimenting with hightech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while r
18、educing environmentharming chemicals.”可知，人工智能可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。故选B。文章没有提到人工智能会资助农业研究，故A项错误；根据文章第二、三段内容可知，人工智能可以进行精准喷洒小剂量除草剂等，而不是避免有害化学物质，故C项错误；此外，本文没有提到使所有的农民从农田劳作中解放出来，故D项错误。5What do Ben Chostners words suggest about the robot?AIt is environmentally friendly.BIt is good at selfimprovin
19、g.CIt has the learning ability.DIt can track various plants.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“But we taught itby giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweedand now its an expert in pigweed.”可知，通过给它成千上万的例子来教它，这个机器现在在识别苋方面是一个专家。由此可推知，Ben Chostner意在表明该机器人有学习能力。故选C。6What is mainly talked about in the text
20、?AThe experiment in farming robots.BNew trend in artificial intelligence.CModern See & Spray technology.DArtificial intelligence in agriculture.D解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.”可知，农业是研究和开发人工智能(AI)的重要行业之一；
21、然后文章第二至四段介绍了两个公司的人工智能产品是如何帮助农业生产的。由此可知，本文的主旨是介绍人工智能在农业中的应用。故选D。文章第二至四段列举了两个公司是如何将人工智能应用到农业中去的，其中提到了机器人实验以及产品的名称及功能等，但这些都是为了说明人工智能是如何在农业中应用的，故A、C两项错误；此外，文章没有重点讲述人工智能新的发展趋势，故B项错误。.完形填空One day, I was driving with my threeyearold granddaughter, Madison, when I saw a _1_ reading “Friendly Upholstery(家具装饰
22、品)”. It was a small _2_When I parked my car and walked inside, the gentleman was _3_， so I began to _4_ Madison what they built in such a place. As we were walking around, I _5_ to tell him to take his _6_ as I was in no hurry.When he _7_ his call, I began to _8_ I had a wooden shelf in my home offi
23、ce that extended out from my desk and that _9_ my granddaughter would strike her head. I needed something soft to _10_ the shelf to protect her.“Shes a pretty little thing，” he said _11_， reaching out to make her laugh.I stood watching as he headed off to a back room. Minutes later, he returned _12_
24、 a piece of leather. I took it and _13_ how much it would be. “How much do I _14_ you？” “Dont worry about it，” he told me, as he waved his hand _15_After thanking him, we drove home, where I covered the shelf with the leather. It was less than an hour later when Madison slipped off my desk, hitting
25、her face directly on the side of the shelf. A bit scared, she got up, _16_I was inspired by that gentlemans _17_ for someone elses safety, rather than the money that he could have gotten from me, a(n) _18_ from out of nowhere.Last week, one year later, I returned to his small shop and _19_ him once
26、again. I wanted him to know that kindness is _20_ appreciated by some, even in this day and age, and that I will forever remember it.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者带着3岁的孙女在家具装饰品店购买东西时，店主善意相助，作者对此非常感激的故事。1A.noticeBsignCwarning DtitleB解析：notice意为“通知”；sign意为“招牌”；warning意为“警告”；title意为“标题”。此处表示“我”正开车带着“我”3岁的孙女行驶在路上，这时“我
27、”看见了一个招牌，上面写着“友好家具装饰品”。故选B。2A.market BgarageCshop DbuffetC解析：garage意为“车库”；buffet意为“快餐部，自助餐”。根据下文中的“I returned to his small shop”可知，选C。3A.in trouble Bon leaveCin the queue Don the phoneD解析：in trouble意为“陷入困境”；on leave意为“休假”；in the queue意为“排队”；on the phone意为“打电话”。根据下文中的“When he _ his call”可知，店主正在打电话。故选
28、D。4A.show BteachCoffer DawardA解析：根据下文中的“As we were walking around”可知，店主在打电话，所以“我”开始带着孙女在店里四处看看。故选A。5A.glanced ByelledCgestured DbowedC解析：店主在打电话，所以“我”做手势告诉他慢慢打电话，因为“我”不着急，故选C。6A.time BorderCturn DseatA解析：参见上题解析。take ones time表示“不着急，慢慢来”，故选A。7A.answered BcanceledCreturned DcompletedD解析：根据下文“我”开始跟他解释“我
29、”需要买的东西可知，此处表示“当他打完电话”。故选D。8A.argue BexplainCconclude DcondemnB解析：参见上题解析。argue意为“争论”；explain意为“解释”；conclude意为“得出结论”；condemn意为“谴责”。故选B。9A.frequently BpermanentlyCcasually DdeliberatelyA解析：frequently意为“频繁地”；permanently意为“永久地”；casually意为“偶然地”；deliberately意为“故意地”。根据语境可知，“我”的家庭办公室里有一个木架子从“我”的桌子上伸出来，“我”孙女
30、频繁地撞到头，因此“我”需要一些柔软的东西去盖住它来保护孙女，故选A。10A.decorate BsupportCcover DfixC解析：参见上题解析。11A.proudly BabruptlyCcalmly DkindlyD解析：根据本句中的“Shes a pretty little thing”和“reaching out to make her laugh”可知，应选D。12A.selling out Bholding outCpicking up Dgathering upB解析：sell out意为“卖完”；hold out意为“递出”；pick up意为“拿起”；gather
31、up意为“收拢”。几分钟后，他回来递给“我”一片皮革，故选B。13A.wondered BsuspectedCcalculated DannouncedA解析：wonder意为“想知道”；suspect意为“怀疑”；calculate意为“计算”；announce意为“宣布”。“我”想知道这个要花多少钱。故选A。14A.reward BknowCowe DenvyC解析：根据上文中的“how much it would be”可知，此处表示“我”该付你多少钱。故选C。15A.up and down Bnow and thenCin and out Dback and forthD解析：up a
32、nd down意为“来回，往复”；now and then意为“时常”；in and out意为“时常出入”；back and forth意为“反复来回”。他告诉“我”别担心，同时反复来回地挥着手，故选D。16A.unaware BunhurtCdisappointed DdisabledB解析：根据下文中的“I wanted him to know.I will forever remember it.”并结合语境可知，孙女没有受伤，故选B。17A.sacrifice BpromiseCdemand DconcernD解析：sacrifice意为“牺牲”；promise意为“诺言”；dema
33、nd意为“要求”；concern意为“关爱，关怀”。根据语境可知，那位先生对其他人安全的关心而不是为了从“我”一个突然出现的陌生人这里得到钱的行为鼓舞了“我”，故选D。18A.stranger BdriverCneighbor DinstructorA解析：参见上题解析。19A.assisted BquestionedCthanked DcomfortedC解析：根据语境可知，时隔一年后的上周，“我”回到了他的小店再次感谢(thanked)他，故选C。20A.temporarily BtrulyCinstantly DgenerallyB解析：temporarily意为“暂时地”；truly意为“确实地”；instantly意为“立刻”；generally意为“通常”。“我”想让他知道善良确实是被有些人感激的，故选B。
