1、Unit 22Environmental Protection知识清单重点单词1._ vt. 危害 _ adj. 濒临灭绝的；濒危的2_ n. 生态_ adj. 生态的；生态学的3_ adj. 植物的_ n. 植物学4_ n. 顾问_ vt. 查阅5_ adj. 贪污的_ n. 贪污；腐败6_ n. 农业_ adj. 农业的7_ n. 灌溉_ vt. 灌溉8_ n. 分离_ vt. 分开；使分离9_adj. 周到的；体贴的_vt. 考虑 _ n. 考10_ vt. 计算_ n. 计算重点短语1._ _ _ 对有害2._ _ 处境危险；冒险 3_ _ _ 与有关的 4._ _ 依次；轮流；反而5
2、_ _ 导致 重点短语6._ _ 采取行动7_ _ 对负责任 8._ _ 夺走；掠去9_ _ 总结；概括 10._ _ _ 摆脱；脱离；逃跑重点句式1.In_the_last_few_decades,_scientists have_reached consensus.2Many experts insist_that the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned on human activities.3Gases pumped into the Earths atmosphere by the factories and ve
3、hicles have_been_speeding_up the process of global warming.4However, when the wrapping of the Reichstag in golden fabric had_finally_been_completed,_the glowing building received international acclaim. 5And Christo loved being_appreciated.6Two or three new projects are_currently_being_developed by C
4、hristo and his team.核心语法被动语态自我校对重点单词：1endanger; endangered2.ecology; ecological3.botanical; botany4.consultant; consult5.corrupt; corruption6agriculture; agricultural7.irrigation; irrigate8.separation; separate9.considerate; consider; consideration10calculate; calculation重点短语：1be harmful to2.at risk
5、3.be relevant to4.in turn5.result in6.take action7.answer for8.carry off9.sum up10.break away from重点词汇探究1principle n. C原则；操守；道德标准；原理1)Its _ _ _ _， so we cant give in. 这是原则问题，因此我们不能让步。2)She seems to have no _ at all when it comes to making money. 一谈到赚钱， 她就好像完全不顾自己的原则了。3)He is quite _ _. 他完全没有道德观念(他做的
6、事一点都不道德)。【答案】1)a matter of principle2)principles3)without principle(1)完成句子It is _ _ _ (有违原则) to tell a lie.【答案】against my principle(2)名校押题(2010南京师大附中统测)He is a man of high _ and we all respect him. Amoral BprincipleCcharacter Dnature 【答案与解析】B题意：他是有高度道德原则的人，我们都敬重他。principle “(行为的)准则；操守”； moral 须加s 表示
7、“道德”； character “人格”； nature “性格”。2condemn vt. 谴责；使遭受；给判刑condemn sb / sth for / as sth 因而谴责某人或某事condemn sb to. 判处某人某种刑罚condemn sb to sth / to do sth 迫使接受困境(或不愉快的状况)condemnable adj. 该罚的；该受责备的condemnation n. 定罪；谴责；指责condemned adj. 已被定罪的；已被定罪者使用的；受谴责的1) His lack of education _ _live a hard life. 他因未受教育
8、而不得不过着艰苦的生活。2)We all _ _to children. 我们一致谴责虐待儿童的行为。3)The criminal _ _ _ death. 这个罪犯被判处死刑。【答案】1)condemned him to2)condemn cruelty3)was condemned to(1)完成句子1)He was found guilty and _ _(处以枪决)2)Most people would _ _ _ _ (任何种类的暴力行为)3)As an old person, one is often _ _ _ _ (无奈而独自生活). 【答案】1)condemned to be
9、 shot2)condemn violence of any sort3)condemned to live alone(2)名校押题(2011湖北孝感统考)He found it hard to_a mother who stole bread for a hungry child.AcompassBcompeteCcomplainDcondemn【答案与解析】D考查动词。题意：他不忍心谴责一个为饥饿的孩子偷面包的母亲。compass“图谋； 计划；达到”；compete“比赛；竞争”；complain“抱怨；发牢骚”；condemn“谴责”。3relevant adj. 有关的；贴切的；中
10、肯的be relevant to. 与有关 relevance, relevancy n. 有关；关联；贴切；中肯 have relevance to. 与有关 1)The tsunami _ _ _ _ the earthquake down the ocean. 这次海啸与海底地震有很大的关系。 2)His nationality _ _ _ whether he is a good lawyer. 他的国籍跟他是不是一个好律师不相关。3)The professor has given the students a list of articles _ _ the topic under
11、discussion.教授已经给了学生们与讨论主题相关的文章清单。【答案】1)is much relevant to2)isnt relevant to3)relevant to(1)单项填空Any _information must be given to our teacher in the interest of our class. Arelevant Bconcerned Crelevance Dconcerning 【答案与解析】A题意：为了班级的利益，我们必须把有关信息汇报给老师。concerned只能后置，relevance是名词，而concerning为介词，均不合题意。 (
12、2)名校押题(2010温州一模)A government official was murdered last week and the police are collecting information that is _to the case.ArelevantBsimilar Cdevoted Daddicted【答案与解析】A考查形容词。be relevant to.“与有关”。题意：上周一位政府官员被谋杀，警察正搜寻与此案件相关的信息。4considerate adj. 考虑周到的；体谅的；体贴的；为(他人)着想的be considerate of / to / towards sb
13、 体贴某人 considerable adj. 相当大的；相当重要的；相当多的a considerable number of 许多的；大量的considering prep. & conj. 考虑到；鉴于；就而言consideration n. 考虑；认为take sth into consideration 把加以考虑consider vt. 考虑；认为 1)She is a _ teacher who is always ready to help others.她是一个乐于助人的体贴的老师。 2)He is no more _ of others than his brother is
14、.他不体谅别人，就跟他弟弟一样。【答案】1)considerate2)considerate(1)用consider的适当形式填空1)_ hes only been learning English for a year, he speaks it very well. 考虑到他只学了一年英语，他讲得算是很流利了。2)Therere a _ number of people who like him round in society; theyre very fashionable just now.在社交界有不少人喜欢他，这些人现在都很出风头。3)I always take fuel con
15、sumption into _ when buying a car. 我买汽车时总要把燃油消耗量考虑在内。4)That matter is under _. 那件事正在考虑中。5)He showed no _ for his wife. 他不体贴妻子。【答案】1)Considering2)considerable3)consideration 4)consideration5)consideration(2)名校押题(2010浙江学军中学月考)It was very _of you not to play the piano while I was asleep. Aconsiderable
16、BconsideringCconsiderate Dconsidered 【答案与解析】Cit is / was considerate of sb to do sth “某人去做某事真是太体贴了”，为固定结构。 5seize vt. 抓住；俘获；夺取；占领；依法没收；抓住(时机等)；掌握；理解；(常用被动语态)(疾病)侵袭；(情绪)支配 vi. 抓住；夺取；占有 (on / upon)；利用；采用 (on / upon) seize sb by the arm / collar 抓住某人的手臂/衣领 be seized with / by (后接疾病、情绪等)被侵袭；受支配seize upo
17、n / on 突然大为关注；抓住(可利用的东西)seize hold of 抓住；占领 1)I cant quite _ your meaning. 我不是很理解你的意思。 2)We should _ the opportunity to work hard. 我们应抓住机会努力工作。3)She _ _ my suggestion and began work immediately. 她采纳了我的建议，马上干了起来。4)The rebels _ _ the political power. 叛乱分子已经夺取了政权。 【答案】1)seize2)seize3)seized on4)have se
18、ized(1)用seize的适当形式填空1)_ the chance, otherwise you will regret it.抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。2)He _ _ _ a slight attack of fever. 他有一点发烧。 3)The rumours _ _ _ by the local press. 当地出版社迫不及待地对这些传闻加以炒作。【答案】1)Seize2)was seized with3)were seized upon / on(2)名校押题(2010南京调研)20 kilos of heroin were _ by the police yesterday
19、 at the airport. Acaught Bheld Cseized Dgot 【答案与解析】C题意：昨天20千克的海洛因在机场被警方扣押。seize “扣押；没收”。 6trap vt. 使陷入困境；使中圈套 n. 困境；圈套；陷阱set / lay a trap 布好陷阱fall into the trap of doing sth 掉进陷阱；误以为trap sb into (doing) sth 使中计；使上当；使陷入圈套1)Both men _ _ inside the burning car. 两个人都被困在燃烧的轿车里。2)The bomb exploded, _ vict
20、ims in the building. 炸弹爆炸了，把受害者困在楼里。3)She had set a _ for him and he had walked straight into it. 她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。4)I _ _ _ admitting that I had lied. 我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎。【答案】1)were trapped2)trapping3)trap4)was trapped into(1)翻译句子我们设下了老鼠夹子。_【答案】We set traps for the mouse.(2)名校押题(2010合肥八中月考)I fall into the
21、 _ of putting work before family.Acustom Btrap Cmistake Dbelief【答案与解析】B题意：我误以为工作比家庭更重要。fall into the trap of doing sth “误以为”。7beyond prep. 在之外；超出的范围；除之外；非力所能及beyond belief / recognition 难以置信/认不出来beyond doubt 无疑地its beyond me why / how / what 我不理解1)So far Dr Barnards fame has _ _ _ South Africa. 现在巴纳
22、德医生的名声已传到了南非以外的地区。2)Scott pushed his employees _ _ _ of human endurance. 斯哥特把他的员工逼到了忍无可忍的地步。3)I know nothing about him _ _ _ that he used to work for the government. 除了知道他过去为政府工作外，我对他一无所知。4)The situation is already _ _ _. 我们已经控制不了局面。【答案】1)spread far beyond2)beyond the limits3)beyond the fact4)beyond
23、 our control(1)用beyond的有关短语完成句子1)The centre of Manchester has changed _ _. 曼彻斯特的中心已经变得认不出来了。2)Bradys guilt had been _ _. 布雷迪已被证明确实有罪。3)_ _ _ _ anyone should want to marry him. 我不理解为什么人人都想嫁给他。【答案】1)beyond recognition2)beyond doubt3)Its beyond me why(2)名校押题(2010海口模拟)Everybody was touched _ words after
24、 they heard her moving story.Abeyond Bwithout Cof Din【答案与解析】A题意：听过她的动人故事以后，每个人都被感动得说不出话来。beyond words “无法用语言表达”。8calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测；推测calculate on sth 指望；预料calculated adj. 精心计划的；蓄意的calculating adj. 工于心计的；狡猾的calculation n. 计算；预测；推测calculator n. 计算器1)Well need to _ the overall costs. 我们需要算出总的费用。2)
25、Its difficult _ _ the longterm effects of these changes in the law. 很难预测法律上的这些变化会产生怎样的长期影响。3)We had not _ _ any problem with the application. 我们没有料到这一申请会有什么问题。4)It was clearly a _ attempt to embarrass the police chief. 这显然是蓄意让警长难堪之举。【答案】1)calculate2)to calculate3)calculated on4)calculated(1)翻译句子我们没有
26、预料到这一申请会有什么问题。_【答案】We didnt calculate on any problem with the application.(2)名校押题(2010江苏联考)The loss caused by the Haiti Earthquake has not yet been _ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a thousand million dollars. Acalculated BconsideredCcompleted Dcontrolled 【答案与解析】A根据“人们认为(损失)要超过十亿美元”
27、可知，这里表示损失还没有精确地“计算”出来。calculate “计算”。重点短语探究1a number of 许多的；大量的英语中表示“许多”的短语可分为三类：修饰可数名词：a large / great / good number of，a good / great many，quite a few，dozens of, scores of，many a 单数可数名词修饰不可数名词：a good / great deal of，a large amount of，quite a little修饰可数或不可数名词：a lot of，lots of，a large quantity of，la
28、rge quantities of，plenty of1)_people took part in the sports meeting last week. 许多人参加了上周的运动会。2)_ _ _ _factories have been set up in my hometown.我的家乡建起了一大批工厂。3)Youll need _courage to sit beside him when he is driving. 他开车的时候，你得有足够的胆量才敢坐在他旁边。【答案】1)A number of / A lot of / A great many2)A great number
29、of / A large quantity of3)plenty of / lots oflarge quantities of, a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。但是，当large quantities of 名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；a large quantity of 名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Quantities of food are on the table. 桌子上有大量的食物。There is a large quantity of books in the corner. 大批的书堆在角落里。the numbe
30、r of与a number ofa number of.许多；大量的，后接可数名词，在句中作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。the number of. 的数目，后接可数名词，在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。(1)用the number of与a number of填空1)_ _ _people who took part in the sports meeting was over 1,000.2)_ _ _students want to go abroad for further study when they finish college.【答案】1)The number of2)A nu
31、mber of(2)名校押题(浙江省长兴三中2010届高三第一次月考)A number of students_playing on the ground but I dont know what the exact number _. Aare; is Bare; are Cis; is Dis; are【答案与解析】Aa number of.作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；the number of.作主语谓语动词用单数形式。2answer for 负责任；保证answer for，相当于be responsible for，后跟名词或代词作宾语。 answer for sb 代表某人讲话；代
32、表某人的意见answer (sb) back 回嘴；反驳answer to sb (for sth) 向某人(为某事)负责answer the telephone 接电话Hes a rude little boy, always answering his mother back. 他是个没礼貌的孩子，总和母亲顶嘴。Who do you answer to in your new job? 你做的新工作要向谁负责？You will answer to me for any damage to the car. 这辆汽车有任何损坏，你都要对我承担责任。Could you answer the t
33、elephone, please? 麻烦你接一下电话，好吗？1)I agree but I cant _ _ my colleagues.我同意，但是我不能代表我的同事们。2)I cant _ _ his honesty.我不能保证他诚实。3)How can you _ _ it that the project will go on smoothly? 你怎么能保证这个工程会进展顺利？【答案】1)answer for2)answer for3)answer for(1)翻译句子你要为你所犯的错误负责。_【答案】You must answer for the mistake you made.
34、(2)名校押题(2011沈阳统考)You will have to _it that he will accomplish the task. Aanswer to Banswer forCanswer up Danswer back【答案与解析】Banswer for sth “为某事负责”。 answer to sb“对某人负责”； answer up “迅速回答”； answer back “顶嘴”。3on ones behalf 代表某人on ones behalf on behalf of sb 意为“代表某人；因为某人；为了某人”，是介词短语，常作状语。 1)The lawyer
35、spoke _ _ _ his client. 律师代表当事人说话。 2)Please dont be nervous _ _ _. 请不要因为我而紧张。 【答案】1)on behalf of2)on my behalf(1)完成句子She made a speech _ _ _ (代表) her leader.【答案】on behalf of(2)名校押题(2010皖南八校联考)Tom is not present，so I shall accept the prize _him. Ain honour of Bon account of Con behalf of Din case of
36、【答案与解析】C题意：汤姆不在场，所以我将代表他领奖。on behalf of “代表”，符合题意。in honour of “为了向表示敬意；为纪念”； on account of “因为”； in case of “以防”。4apart from 除以外；要不是；此外；加之apart from 既可以等于except, 也可相当于besides。1)I hardly know anyone in the village _ _ William and you. 除威廉和你之外，我几乎不认识村里的任何人。2)_ _ providing humanitarian aid, the UN is
37、also supposed to enforce agreements. 联合国除了提供人道主义援助外，还应该力促协议的实施。3)Quite _ _ the fact that he has no qualifications, Mr Berry is not a suitable person to work here. 即便不考虑他没有资格证书这一事实，贝利先生也不是在这儿工作的合适人选。【答案】1)apart from2)Apart from3)apart fromapart from, besides和except(1)apart from 既表示“除之外”，还表示“除之外还有”之意。
38、(2)besides 表示“除之外还有”之意。Besides making money, the company aims to set high standards of quality and design. 除了赚钱之外，这个公司还旨在设立很高的质量和设计标准。(3)except 表示“除之外”之意。All the team were there, except Eddie Stratton, who was ill. 全队都在那里，除了生病的艾迪斯特拉顿。(1)完成句子Everyone is there _ _ (除了) Bill.【答案】apart from(2)名校押题(2010安
39、徽师大附中月考)_ being too large, the colour of the shoes doesnt suit me.AApart from BExceptCFar from DExcept for【答案与解析】A表示“除之外，还”，用apart from。except“除去；不包括”。5for good 永远；永远地for good forever / for ever / forever and ever 意为“永远；永远地”，为介词短语，常作状语。 for good and all 永久地；一劳永逸地for all I know 据我所知for free 免费not for
40、 anything 决不；根本不for certain 肯定地1)I expect that our love will last _ _. 我期望我们的爱将持续到永远。 2)He left the city _ _. 他永远地离开了那个城市。3)A thing of beauty is a joy _ _. 美好的事物，回味无穷。【答案】1)for good2)for good3)for ever(1)翻译句子他发誓永远陪在她身边。_【答案】He promises that he will stay with her for good.(2)名校押题(2010杭州七校联考)Although
41、Lei Feng has been away from us for many years, well remember him _. Afor short Bfor sure Cfor fun Dfor good 【答案与解析】Dfor short “简称”； for sure “确定地”； for fun “开玩笑地”； for good “永远”。6carry off 搬走；获得；携走；夺去的生命；获得(奖品等)；成功对付；轻而易举地应对carry out 实行；履行 carry on (with / doing sth ) 继续做carry away 运走；变得非常兴奋；使失去自制力
42、carry through 完成；渡过难关 carry sb back (to sth) 使某人回忆起1)He _ _ most of the prizes for swimming. 他获得游泳项目的大多数奖。 2)The case was very critical. The fever, if not stopped, would _ _ the young fellow. 情况十分严重，高烧若不及时制止，年轻人会失去生命。3)I have _ _ my work.我已经完成了工作。4)We must _ _ till success in spite of the extremely
43、difficult conditions.尽管条件极端困难，我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。5)He tends to get _ _ when watching wrestling on TV. 他一看电视中的摔跤节目就很兴奋。6)His courage will _ _ _.他的勇气会帮他渡过难关。7)The sound of seagulls _ _ _ _ childhood holidays by the sea. 海鸥的叫声让她回忆起了童年时在海边度假的情景。【答案】1)carried off2)carry off3)carried out4)carry on5)carried awa
44、y6)carry him through7)carried her back to(1)翻译句子泰坦尼克号几乎包括了所有电影大奖。_【答案】The movie Titanic carried off all the prizes.(2)名校押题(2010福建质检)He _the speech _well despite feeling very nervous. Acarried; away Bcarried; backCcarried; off Dcarried; on【答案与解析】C题意：尽管他感到非常紧张，但总算把演讲顺利地讲完了。carry off “成功对付”。7ahead of 在
45、前面(1) 指时间或空间上“在之前”。(2) 表示“比强/高” (主要用作表语)。(3) 用于 ahead of time, 意为“提前”或“提早”。go ahead的用法：(1)表示同意或允许，意为“说吧；做吧”。Do you mind if I smoke? 我抽烟你介意吗？No, go ahead. 不介意，你抽吧。(2)表示继续做某事，意为“继续吧”。Go ahead, we are all listening. 继续讲吧，我们都在听呢！1)He left one day _ _ me. 他比我早走一天。2)Hes _ _ me in English. 他的英语比我强。3)The wo
46、rk was done _ _ _. 工作提前完成了。【答案】1)ahead of2)ahead of3)ahead of time(1)翻译句子火车提前5分钟离站了。_【答案】The train left 5 minutes ahead of time.(2)名校押题(2010海南四校联考)All the workers have been called on to try their best to finish the project _ time.Ainstead of Bin front ofCahead of Din place of【答案与解析】Cahead of time “提
47、前”。8wrap up 包好；裹住；埋头于；穿得暖和；掩饰；完成；结束be wrapped up in sth 倾心于；把全部精力放在 be wrapped in sth 被遮掩得完全看不见wrap sth round / around sb / sth将(一块材料)缠绕或围住某人/某物(加以遮盖或保护) 4)They are completely _ _ in their children. 他们把全部精力都用在孩子身上了。5)The events are _ _ mystery. 这些事情隐藏在神秘的气氛之中。6)_ a scarf round your neck. 把围巾围在你的脖子上。
48、1)wrapped up2)wrapped up3)wrapped up 4)wrapped up5)wrapped in6)Wrap【答案】1)wrapped up2)wrapped up3)wrapped up 4)wrapped up5)wrapped in6)Wrap1)I have _ _ the parcels and theyre ready to be posted. 我把包裹都包好了，可以寄出去了。 2)He _ _ his meaning in a fancy speech.他把自己的意图隐藏在精心设计的措词里。3)They _ _ the business deal in
49、 less than an hour.不到一小时，他们那笔生意就成交了。(1)翻译句子他用一张漂亮的纸包装礼物。_【答案】She wraps the gift up in a lovely paper.(2)名校押题(2010福建质检)The businessman had already_a couple of deals by lunchtime. Acleaned up Bchecked upCwrapped up Dturned up 【答案与解析】C题意：那位商人在午饭前已做了几笔生意。wrap up “完成”，其他三个选项不符合题意。 9in turn 轮流；依次；反之；反过来It
50、s ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事take turns to do / at doing sth 轮流做speak / talk out of turn 说不该说的话by turns in turn 依次；轮流1)Each of you must tell the funniest joke you can think of _ _. 每一个人讲一个你们能想到的最好笑的笑话。2)_ _ _ _ do the washingup. 轮到你洗碗了。3)We _ _ _ answer the telephone. 我们轮流接电话。4)Im sorry if Ive spoke
51、n _ _ _， but I thought everyone had already been told. 如果我说了不该说的话，我很抱歉。我还以为大家都知道了。【答案】1)in turn2)Its your turn to3)take turns to 4)out of turn(1)完成句子The teacher asks the children to wash their hands _ _ (轮流)【答案】in turn(2)名校押题(2010福建四地六校联考)Its not a good idea for people to try to avoid public transpo
52、rtation delays by using their own cars, because it _ will create further problems.Ain short Bin case Cin doubt Din turn【答案与解析】D考查介词短语。in short “总之；简言之”； in case “万一；以防”； in doubt “不肯定；不确定”； in turn“反过来”。题意：人们试图通过开私家车来避免公交延误，这个想法不好，因为这反过来会产生更多的问题。重点句型探究1In the last few decades, scientists have reache
53、d consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climatesomething previously seen as beyond seen as beyond our control.最近几十年科学家们已经达成了共识，据他们报道人类活动引起了地球气候的变化，这是在以前我们不能控制的。“in the last (past) 一段时间”，句子要用现在完成时。see.as 视为；考虑可接受；认为see n. as n. 认为(宾语补足语)see n. (being) adj. 认为(宾语补足
54、语)be seen as (being) n. / adj. (主语补足语)【仿写】在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。_【答案】In the past few years, great changes have taken place in my hometown.1)_ _ _ _ _， he has done a lot of work to make a living. 在过去的两年里，他为了谋生做了很多工作。2)I _ the job _ a challenge. 我视工作为一项挑战。3)The peace talks _ _ _ a sign of hope. 和平会谈意味着
55、有希望。【答案】1)In the last two years2)see; as3)are seen as(1)完成句子This type of work is often _ _ boring. 这类工作总被看做是令人厌烦的。【答案】seen as(2)名校押题It is beyond my belief that he _ a lot in the past few years.Ahad suffered Bhas sufferedCsuffered Dhas been suffered【答案与解析】B根据后面的时间状语“in the past few years”可知用现在完成时。2Wi
56、thout these naturally occurring gases, the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on. 如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳的能量将会被反射回太空去，地球将处于寒冷之中，而不适合生命的存在。句中leave为“使得某人或某物处于某种状态”。【仿写】大火使附近村庄都遭到了破坏。_【答案】The big fire left the villages nearly damaged.1)The trial left a lot of
57、questions _. 试验留下许多没有得到解答的问题。2)Leave the television _， will you? 开着电视，好吗？【答案】1)unanswered2)on(1)单项填空This is an illness that can result in total blindness if _.Aleaving untreatedBleft untreatedCleaving to be untreatedDleft untreating【答案与解析】B后半句补充完整应该是：if it is left untreated. leave表示“使某人或某物保持某种状态”(2)
58、名校押题(2010安徽省两地三校高三上学期联考) Im really hungry now. Thats because you have left your lunch _. Auntouching Bto be untouched Cuntouched Dbeing untouched【答案与解析】Cleave sb / sth 后面加形容词、副词、分词等，意为“让某人/某物处于状态”。3Given this data, it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not
59、 merely a coincidence.根据这一数据推断，人类活动与全球变暖之间的关系不仅仅是一个巧合。given后接名词代词或that从句，意为“考虑到(某事物)；假如”，相当于taking (sth) into account或者由if引导的条件状语从句。【仿写】1)考虑到他做得很要好，派他去似乎很合理。_2)如果天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。_【答案】1)Given that he is doing quite well, it seems reasonable to send him away. 2)Given good weather, our ship will re
60、ach Shanghai on the evening of Monday. 1)_ _ she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考虑到她喜欢孩子， 我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。2)_ _ _ _ again, he is sure to get well. 如果照样再给他治疗一次，他肯定会痊愈。【答案】1)Given that2)Given the same treatment(1)单项填空_enough time and money, the researchers w
61、ould have been able to discover more in this field. AGiving BTo give CGiven DBeing given【答案与解析】C题意：如果有足够的时间和资金，研究者本可以在这个领域有更多的发现。given在这里作介词，表示“考虑到；如果；就来说”。(2)名校押题(2010青岛一模)_ more chance, I will make more progress.AGive BGiving CTo give DGiven【答案与解析】D题意：如果再给一次机会，我会取得更大的进步。4The last few years have se
62、en environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come. 前几年一些环境灾难大面积地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。本句的主语是the last few years，谓语动词是have seen。像这样以时间地点等名词作主语的句子，常用see, find, witness等动词作谓语，是拟人的手法。【仿写】20世纪发生了两次世界大战。_【答案】The twentieth century saw two World Wars.1)1949 _ _ _ of the Pe
63、oples Republic of China.1949年中华人民共和国成立了。2)Rome _ many great historic events.在罗马城发生了许多伟大历史事件。【答案】1)saw the founding2)witnessed(1)翻译句子我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。_【答案】My hometown witnessed great changes.(2)名校押题(2010福建泉州一轮质检)Recent years have _rapid change of my hometown.Yes, I could hardly recognize it when I arrive
64、d yesterday.Awatched Bcontributed Cwitnessed Dmade【答案与解析】C考查时间作主语，谓语动词的选用。题意：“最近几年我的家乡见证了巨大的变化。”“是的，我昨天回来的时候都几乎认不出了。”高考真题探究1(2010 江西，33)Not until he left his home _to know how important the family was for him.Adid he beginBhad he begun Che began Dhe had begun【答案与解析】A考查倒装。not until放在句首要用部分倒装， 翻译为“直到”
65、， 所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生。2(2010 重庆，33)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _， one of the ten largest cities in China.Alies Chongqing BChongqing liesCdoes lie Chongqing Ddoes Chongqing lie【答案与解析】A考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装。3(2010 湖南，25)Johns success has nothing to do with good
66、luck. It is years of hard work _has made him what he is today.Awhy Bwhen Cwhich Dthat【答案与解析】D考查强调。题干为强调句型，被强调部分为years of hard work。4(2010 江苏，33)Is everyone here? Not yet. Look, there _the rest of our guests!Acome Bcomes Cis coming Dare coming【答案与解析】A考查倒装。题意：“人都来齐了吗？”“还没有，你看，我们剩下的客人从那儿来了。”答语是个倒装句，正常的
67、语序为：The rest of our guests come there!5(2010 陕西，17)John opened the door. There _he had never seen before. Aa girl did stand Ba girl stood Cdid a girl stand Dstood a girl【答案与解析】D考查倒装。here, there, thus, then等副词位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子全部倒装。6(2010 安徽，27)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in
68、the village _the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.Awhere Bthat Cwhen Dwhich【答案与解析】B考查强调句型。迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village。还原句子：The hostess cooked such a nice dinner from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village。7(2010 四川，9)We laugh at jokes，but seldom _about how t
69、hey work.Awe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think【答案与解析】D考查倒装。seldom为否定副词放句首，句子部分倒装。题意为“我们因笑话而笑，但很少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。”8(2009湖南，27)Would you please keep silent? The weather report _ and I want to listen.Ais broadcast Bis being broadcastChas been broadcast Dhad been broadcast【答案与解析】B考查时态和语态。题意：请保持安静好吗？
70、 我想听正在广播的天气报告。表示说话时正在发生的动作，应用进行时，且本句需用被动语态。9(2009四川，15)Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _. Ahas repaired Bis repaired Cis being repaired Dwill be repaired【答案与解析】C考查被动语态。“桥正在被修”，用现在进行时的被动语态。10(2009福建，22)Why does the lake smell terrible?Because large quantities of water _. A
71、have polluted Bis being polluted Chas been polluted Dhave been polluted【答案与解析】D考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据前一句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时；动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态；主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，谓语动词用复数。模拟试题探究1(2010东北师大附中模拟)A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, _an increase in product
72、ion.Aresulted in Bto result in Cresult in Dresulting in【答案与解析】D根据题意可知，产量的增加是引进新机器的结果，故此处用ving形式作结果状语。2(2011福建师大附中高三质检)The police have searched for the missing gunman for three months, but _.Ain vain Bat large Cbeyond question Dagainst their will【答案与解析】A题意：警察找那个失踪的持枪者已经三个月了，但是没有结果。in vain“白费地；徒劳地”；be
73、yond question“没有问题”；against ones will“违背意愿”。3(2011蚌埠市高三模拟) How did you enjoy the concert last night?_！My favourite singer lost her voice and didnt even make an appearance.AWhat a failure BWhat a disappointmentCAwful DVery dissatisfactory【答案与解析】B答语的后半部分体现了答话者的失望心情，因为希望看到的演员没露面。4(2011杭州质检) The book di
74、dnt _children probably because the author employed too many scientific terms in it.Aapply toBappeal toCintend to Dlead to【答案与解析】B题意：孩子们对这本书不感兴趣很可能是因为作者用了太多的科技术语。appeal to sb attract sb interest sb“吸引某人；使某人感兴趣”。此外appeal to还有“向某人呼吁”的意思；apply to sb“向某人申请”；lead to“导致；通向”。intend to do sth“打算做某事”。5(2010湖南
75、岳阳模拟)“When the riot (骚乱) _on March 14th, the students were having classes as usual，”a teacher in Lhasa, Tibet later recalled.Abroke out Bbroke inCbroke through Dbroke down【答案与解析】A考查动词短语。题意：西藏拉萨的一位老师后来回忆说，“当三月十四日骚乱发生时，学生们正跟往常一样在上课。”break out“爆发；突然出现”；break in“打断；插嘴；非法闯入”；break through“突破；冲破”；break down“出故障；(健康等)垮掉；坍塌”。