1、Section Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner.重点单词1prize n. 奖品；奖金2reception n. 欢迎会，招待会3form n. 表格4tidy v. 使整洁；整理5certain pron. 某些6reply n. 回答，回复7outspoken adj. 直言不讳的，坦率的8shortcoming n. 缺点，短处9coincidence n. 巧合10customer n. 顾客，客户11awkward adj. 尴尬的12anniversary n. 周年纪念日13genuine adj. 纯粹的，真正的14psychologi
2、st n. 心理学家15circumstance n. 情形，情况16purpose n. 目的17interrupt v. 打断18application n申请apply v申请applicant n申请人19impolite adj.不礼貌的polite adj.有礼貌的20favour n. 恩惠，照顾favourable adj.有利的，赞许的favourite adj.特别喜欢的21absence n缺乏，不存在absent adj.缺席的22cautious adj.谨慎的，慎重的，小心的caution n谨慎，小心23modest adj.谦虚的modesty n谦虚24int
3、errupt v打断interruption n打断25define v解释，给下定义definition n定义，解释26graciously adv.优雅地gracious adj.优雅的27successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地success n成功succeed v成功28apology n道歉，致歉apologise v. 道歉29imagine v现象imagination n想象，想象力imaginative adj.富有想象力的imaginary adj.想象中的，虚构的.核心短语1put_ones_foot_in_ones_mouth说错
4、话，犯使人难堪的错误2as_a_consequence 因此，结果3cheer_sb._up 使某人高兴/振作起来4be_cautious_about 对小心/谨慎5come_up 走近6leave_out 省去，删去；漏掉；忽视7(be)_aware_of 知道，意识到8take_the_lead 带头，领先9show_off 炫耀；卖弄；展示；衬托出； 使夺目10have.in common 有共同之处11have a favour to ask 有一事相求12be worried about 担心，担忧13with a new haircut 留着新发型14on the annivers
5、ary of their graduation 在他们毕业的周年纪念日15cultural differences 文化差异16private matters 私事17lead to disagreement 造成分歧18establish a relationship 建立一种关系19an embarrassing silence 一种令人尴尬的沉默.经典句式1每当我张口，就会讲错话。Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.2她成不了一名优秀的推销员也就不是巧合了。It was no coincidence either that sh
6、e wasnt a very good saleswoman.3当有人说话时，不管他说得可能多么无聊，每个人都应该倾听。When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the persons speaking may be.4设想这样一种情况，双方都认识的人离开了房间、咖啡馆或聚会后，两个陌生人开始交谈。Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has l
7、eft the room, or the caf or party, etc.课文预读The Wrong Kind of Small TalkEsther Greenbaum was a saleswoman for a firm of fax machines and business supplies. But she was also the most outspoken human being in the worldwell, Westchester County, at least. Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth，I put m
8、y foot in it.”Esther Greenbaums major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk. No, thats not quite true. She had small talk, but it was the wrong kind. In fact， she had never learnt the basic rules of social communication, and as a consequence， she made systematic mistakes ever
9、y time she opened her mouth. It was no coincidence either that she wasnt a very good saleswoman.saleswoman/selzwmn/ n女推销员，女销售员firm /fm/ n公司fax /fks/ n传真(机)outspoken /atspkn/ adj.直言不讳的，坦率的human being人类，其复数形式是human beings。at least至少motto /mt/ n座右铭，格言every time “每次”，是名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句。put ones foot in
10、ones mouth 犯使人难堪的错误，说错话major adj.主要的shortcoming /ftkm/ n缺点，短处absence /bsns/ n缺乏，不存在that she had.是表语从句。in fact实际上，as a matter of fact事实上as a consequence 因此，结果systematic /sstmtk/ adj. 非偶然的，经常的coincidence /knsdns/ n巧合It is/was no coincidence that.不是巧合。it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。be introduced to sb.被介绍给某人c
11、ustomer /kstm/ n顾客，客户mature /mt/ adj. 成熟的awkward /kwd/ adj.尴尬的tease /tiz/ v. 戏弄，嘲弄，揶揄typist /tapst/ n打字员go red 变红contradict /kntrdkt/ v反驳pregnant /pregnnt/ adj.怀孕的apology /pldi/ n道歉，致歉put on weight 长胖，增肥lose weight 减肥cautious /ks/ adj.谨慎的，慎重的be cautious about (be careful of/about)对谨慎小心acquaintance /
12、kwentns/ n熟人go through 遭受，经历messy /mesi/ adj.棘手的，难办的divorce /dvs/ n离婚，离异cheer sb. up使某人高兴/振作起来fool /ful/ n傻瓜，笨蛋to come into her head作后置定语，修饰the first thing。clerk /klk/ n职员，办事员haircut /hekt/ n发型，发式would rather “宁愿”，后接动词原形，还可接that从句(从句用一般过去时或过去完成时表示虚拟语气)。anyhow /eniha/ adv.不管怎么说，无论如何either.or. 或者或者was
13、后省略了表语从句引导词that，表语从句中含有并列谓语said和didnt think about，它们分别后接了宾语从句what she thought和what she said。modest /mdst/ adj.谦虚的，谦逊的be modest about 对谦虚discourage sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事sweetly adj.令人愉快地；甜美地brunch /brnt/ n早午餐(早餐与午餐合并吃的一餐)anniversary /nvsri/ n周年纪念日greet vt.问候，向打招呼其后直接跟sb.，意同say hi/hello to sb.。ho
14、stess /hsts/ n女主人you were dating前省略了定语从句的关系词that, who或whom。ugly adj.丑陋的，难看的at that moment正在那时come up走过来，走上前来interrupt /ntrpt/ v. 打断marry v. 嫁给；与结婚be married to sb.与某人结婚译文助读不合时宜的闲谈埃斯特戈林鲍姆是一家传真及商务用品公司的女推销员。但她也是世界上最口无遮拦的人当然，至少在韦切斯特县是这样的。她的座右铭是“每当我张口，就会讲错话”。埃斯特戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会闲谈。不，也不完全如此。她也闲谈，只是不合时宜。实际上，
15、她从来就没有认识到社交的基本规则，因此每次张嘴说话她都会犯经常性的错误。她成不了一名优秀的推销员也就不是巧合了。一天在一次会议期间，埃斯特被介绍给一位重要的客户，一位成熟的女士。她说：“很高兴见到你。你多大年纪啦？”这位客户看起来很尴尬。埃斯特说道：“四十？四十五？你看起来更老。而你的朋友她年龄比你大，但看起来年轻得多！”还有一次，埃斯特打趣一位打字员说：“嗨！你什么时候生宝宝啊？”那位打字员一下子变得面红耳赤，并反驳埃斯特说：“实际上，我还没怀孕呢。”埃斯特毫无歉意地说：“噢，对不起。只是略微发福，是吗？”埃斯特从来不注意他人的感受。和她在同一家公司做推销员的一个熟人正陷入离婚窘境，并为此非
16、常沮丧。她试图让他高兴起来。“忘掉她！她是一个十足的傻瓜。没有人喜欢她。”大多数时候，埃斯特想到什么就说什么。有一天工作时，一位刚换了新发型的职员走进办公室。埃斯特说：“发型很漂亮，花了多少钱？”这位女士回答道：“我宁愿不说。”埃斯特答道：“哦，不管怎样，要么你花了太多，要么你花了太少。”有一次她遇见一位非常著名的作家。她说：“嗨，多么巧啊！你正在写一本书，我正在看一本书！”埃斯特的问题是她想到什么就说什么，而且从不考虑她说的话。一位年轻人为他好几英里外的新工作而尽力表示谦虚。他微笑着说：“我想公司选择我是为了他们在办公室里可以得到一些平和。”埃斯特亲切地回答：“不是的，我想他们之所以挑中你是
17、因为不想让你一辈子都跟着我们干。”有一次，埃斯特在他们毕业周年纪念日去一个早午餐聚会见几个老校友。她向女主人打招呼。她问道：“你还记得和你约会的那个家伙吗？他怎么样了？你知道的，就是那个长得丑的。”正在那时，一个男人走过来，站在她朋友的旁边。她说：“埃斯特，我想让你见见我丈夫。查尔斯，这是”埃斯特打断她说：“噢，原来你和他结了婚！”Making Friends in the USAIn the USA, conversation is less lively than in many other cultures， where everyone talks at the same time.
18、When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen，no matter how dull the persons speaking may be.If youre not sure what to talk about, you can ask what people do. Were defined by our jobs and were usually happy to talk about them, unless youre a spy!Some people say that Americans talk about their f
19、eelings more than Asians, but are more secretive about factual matters. You can safely ask questions about families, where you come from, leisure interests, as well as the latest movies. Were interested in peoples ethnic background too. But its best to avoid politics, religion and other sensitive to
20、pics.where引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为many other cultures。at the same time同时be expected to do被期望做no matter how “无论，不管”，引导让步状语从句。If youre not sure.是条件状语从句，从句中what to.作sure的宾语；主句you can ask.中what people do作ask的宾语。define /dfan/ v解释，给下定义unless conj.(if.not)除非secretive /sikrtv/ adj.秘而不宣的，隐藏的be secretive about 对隐藏fact
21、ual /fktl/ adj.实际的，事实的，确实的as well as不但而且as well也，又latest adj.最新的be interested in 对感兴趣take (an) interest in对产生兴趣ethnic adj.民族的，种族的religion n宗教(信仰)sensitive adj.敏感的，be sensitive to 对敏感句中it是形式主语，to avoid.是真正的主语。hospitable /hsptbl/ adj.好客的，殷勤的do置于动词原形前，用来强调谓语动词。call by顺道来访genuine /denjun/ adj.纯粹的，真正的，真实
22、的desire n. 渴望，欲望，desire to do sth.渴望做某事particularly adv.特别地，尤其(in particular)(be) aware of知道be aware that.知道hesitate v迟疑，犹豫不决，hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事while “尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句；if引导条件状语从句；before引导时间状语从句；you may ask为省略关系代词的定语从句；youre aware of.为省掉that的宾语从句。violate /valet/ v骚扰，妨碍，侵犯private adj.私人的，个人的that
23、they.是同位语从句，解释a sign的内容。curious adj.好奇的，be curious about对好奇take the lead带头，领先generally adv.大体上，一般地(in general)argument n争论lead to导致(to为介词)It is/wasadj.to do sth.做某事是的。it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。compliment n称赞，夸奖graciously /gresli/ adv.优雅地be treated as被当作同义短语：be regarded/thought of/considered as修饰somet
24、hing, nothing等不定代词的形容词要放在其后面。anywayanyhow不管怎样accurate adj.确切的，准确的do well to do.最好做avoid doing.避免做show off炫耀although some people.是让步状语从句，其中含有not only.but (also).结构。what we dont like是主语从句。embarrassment n尴尬译文助读在美国交朋友在美国，交谈比在许多别的国家沉闷得多，在别的国家大家都一起聊天。(而在美国)当有人说话时，不管他说得可能多么无聊，每个人都应该倾听。如果你不能确定谈论什么，你可以问一下别人是
25、做什么的。工作体现着我们的特质，而且我们通常乐意去谈论它们，除非你是一个间谍！有些人说美国人谈论感情要比亚洲人多，但他们对现实的事情却更隐藏。你除了可以很放心地问最新的电影，还可以问有关家庭、籍贯、业余爱好等的问题。我们对人们的民族背景也感兴趣。但最好避免政治、宗教和其他敏感话题。两个人认识很短一段时间之后，就可能会有亲密的交谈，但这并不意味着你们就是亲密的朋友或关系非常好了。但许多人非常友好、好客，而且如果无意再相见，他们是不会作出“如果你有机会到明尼阿波利斯/圣地亚哥/波基普西，务必顺道来看看我们！”这种人们所惯见的邀请的。但是尽管极少数的美国人会担心你可能提出的问题，尤其是你明显地表现出
26、你了解文化差异时，在问你相似的问题之前，他们会犹豫。事实上，这表明他们不希望侵犯你的私人生活。因此，许多美国人都谈论一些安全的话题，因为他们不敢(表现得)太好奇或太冒昧，但如果你首先引入(私人话题)，他们会高兴地谈论更多关于私人的事情。一般来说，我们不喜欢争论，并避开那些导致分歧的话题。回到天气的讨论中很容易：“你喜欢美国吗？你觉得这儿的天气怎么样？”或者说些称赞的话：“多么可爱的花，多么漂亮的花瓶啊！”“你穿的那条连衣裙真漂亮。”你应该欣然接受赞美并说“谢谢！”有两个敏感的话题：年龄和钱。年龄并没有被当作很特殊的话题，除非某人年事已高；“以她的年龄，难道她活得不精彩吗！”而且没有格外尊敬老人
27、的特别规定或迹象。不管怎样，美国人总是想让自己看起来比他们的真实年龄年轻些，因此别指望他们给出确切的回答！收入是很私人的事情，你最好避免问别人挣多少钱，尽管有些人对此不仅不加隐瞒，反而还炫耀他们的财富。我们也不问东西值多少钱。但是我们不喜欢沉默不语，几乎任何事情都比宴会冷清、宾客沉默所带来的尴尬要好。课文理解Step Fast reading (教材P8)Look through the passage quickly and decide if the statements are true(T) or false(F)1Esthers small talk often makes peop
28、le look awkward.(T)2The typist wasnt pregnant but put on a little weight.(T)3Its polite to ask the clerk how much the haircut cost.(F)4Esther thought about what she said carefully when she talked with the young man.(F)5Esther shouldnt talk about her old friends private matters.(T)Step Careful readin
29、gRead the passage and choose the best answer.1Whats the reason for Esther to have the motto “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it”？AShe was the most outspoken human being in the world.BShe was not a very good saleswoman.CShe had a complete absence of small talk.DShe had never learnt the b
30、asic rules of small talk.答案：D2From the conversation between Esther and one of her customers in Paragraphs 3 to 5, we can know that _.AEsther was quite familiar with the customerBEsther was laughing at the customer for her old lookingCit was not impolite to ask ones ageDthe customer was pleased to ta
31、lk with Esther答案：B3What was the possible result after Esther comforted her acquaintance who was going through a divorce?AHe was out of depression.BHe was cheered up by Esther.CHe became angry as well as depressed.DHe thanked Esther a lot for her help.答案：C4The sentence in the 15th paragraph “Youre wr
32、iting a book and Im reading one！” actually means “_”AI am reading the book you are writing nowBIm reading a book similar to yoursCwhile you are writing books, Im reading booksDIm very interested in the book you are writing now答案：B5From the whole passage, we can see that _ are NOT suitable small talk
33、 topics.Asome personal matters like ones age, weight, marriage and so onBthings about ones hairstyle and appearanceCpersonal affairs like ones income, career and dating, etc.DAll of the above答案：DStep After readingEsther was _1_salewoman for a firm but she was _2_ (outspoken) human being in the world
34、. Her major shortcoming was _3_ she often made the wrong kind of small talk and she had never learnt the basic _4_ (rule) of social _5_ (communicate). She was never _6_ (caution) about other peoples _7_ (feel). As _8_ consequence, she often _9_ (make) mistakes every time she opened _10_ (she) mouth.
35、1a2.the_most_outspoken3.that4.rules5communication6.cautions7.feelings8.a9.made10herfavour n恩惠，照顾，支持vt.赞成；帮助；有利于，偏爱派生词：favourable adj.赞成的，有利的(教材P7)I have a favour to ask.我有件事请你帮忙。归纳拓展品读高考(2017全国卷)Whats the governments attitude to the development of the flying car? Favourable.政府对飞车的发展持有什么态度？赞成的。经典例句Do
36、 me a favour and turn the radio down while Im on the phone.Do me the favour to turn/of turning the radio down while Im on the phone.劳驾，我在打电话，把收音机的声音调小点好吗？I was not in favour of what is being done here.我并不赞成眼下正在做的这件事情。Fortune favours those who use their judgment.谚智才天助(善于判断的人赢得财富)。名师点津do sb. a favour中
37、，favour前的冠词为不定冠词a；但当favour后有不定式或定语从句修饰时，favour前应用定冠词。即学即练单句语法填空Can you do a favour for me and tell me when to get off?Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who are ready.2 派生词：absent adj.缺席的(教材P8)Esther Greenbaums major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk.
38、埃斯特戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会闲谈。归纳拓展(1)in ones absence 某人不在时absence of mind 心不在焉in the absence of (物)缺乏，缺少；(人)不在时(2)absentminded adj. 心不在焉的be absent from.缺席(3)present adj.(反义词)出席的，在场的品读高考(2014湖南)What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate.我没想到的是几个学生缺席了，这超出了我的预计。(2
39、017全国卷)In the absence of wolves，coyote populations also grew quickly.在没有灰狼的情况下，丛林狼的数量也增长得很快。经典例句He was eager to be back after more than a weeks absence from.他一个多星期没有去学校，急切地想回去。Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.她驾车时心不在焉，差点造成事故。即学即练单句语法填空He failed in the exam because of his
40、absence (absent) of mind.Barry was absent from the meeting, so I had to inform him of the meeting content.3 派生词：apologise vi.道歉(教材P8)“Oh, sorry，” said Esther without any apology. “Just putting on a little weight, huh？”埃斯特毫无歉意地说：“噢，对不起。只是略微发福，是吗？”归纳拓展品读高考(2016全国卷)I owe you an apology for the fact tha
41、t I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.我应向你道歉，星期五下午不能和你一起去书店。经典例句He made an apology to me for hurting my feelings.他因伤害了我的感情而向我道歉。If youre late, you should apologise to the host either immediately or later.如果你迟到了，你应该立即或事后向主人道歉。语境串记I apologise to him for my mistakes, but he refuse
42、d my apology.我因自己犯的错误向他道歉，但他拒绝接受我的道歉。即学即练单句语法填空I have an apology to make to youIm afraid I opened your letter by mistake.Trains may delay so we apologise for any inconvenience caused.4 派生词：interruption n打断(教材P9)Esther interrupted her，“Hey, so you married him！”埃斯特打断她说：“噢，原来你和他结了婚！”辨析比较 interrupt, dis
43、turbinterrupt“打断，妨碍”，尤指中断某活动的连续性disturb“扰乱，干扰”，侧重指扰乱某种状态或使秩序(某种过程)受到影响品读高考(2017全国卷)When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you will find them then.当人们尽力打断你的时候，安排好时间，让他们知道你在什么时候回来，或者告诉他们，你会去找他们。经典例句It is not polite to interrupt
44、when someone is talking.在别人讲话时打断是不礼貌的。The TV show was interrupted by too many commercials.那档电视节目被太多的商业广告打断。即学即练选用interrupt与disturb填空Im sorry to disturb you at this late hour.He always interrupted me when I was delivering a speech.My study in Japan were interrupted by the severe earthquake.5 派生词：imag
45、ination n想象，想象力 imaginary adj.虚构的 imaginative adj.富于想象力的，创新的(教材P13)Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the caf or party, etc.设想这样一种情况，双方都认识的人离开了房间、咖啡馆或聚会后，两个陌生人开始交谈。归纳拓展imaginen./pron. 想象imagine that/wh. 想象imagine (sb.)
46、 doing sth.想象(某人)做某事imagine sb./sth. asn.把某人/某物想象成品读高考(2018全国卷)So imagine my delight when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.想象一下，当他给我发电子邮件说他想来拜访我时，我是多么高兴。经典例句The house was just as she had imagined it.这房子正是她所想象的。Imagine that you were alone on an island.想象一下你孤身一人在一个岛上。Can you imagine
47、living on the moon one day?你能想象有朝一日住在月球上吗？即学即练单句语法填空I cant imagine living (live) without electricity!I cant hardly imagine Peter sailing (sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.6 (教材P13)Whats the purpose of your visit to London?你到伦敦的目的是什么
48、？归纳拓展品读高考(2018全国卷)For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter.为了这个目的，挑选成熟的香蕉冷冻，因为它们比较甜。经典例句The purpose of education should be to expand the minds of children.教育的目的应该是扩展孩子的心智。He explained that he had not done it on purpose.他解释他不是故意做这件事的。Jack wished to go to France for/
49、with the purpose of studying art.杰克希望到法国学艺术。即学即练完成句子With/For the purpose of studying effectively, I made a plan.为了有效地学习，我制订了一个计划。Cinderella left her shoe on the stairs on purpose.灰姑娘故意把自己的鞋落在楼梯上。1 (教材P8).and as a consequence, she made systematic mistakes every time she opened her mouth.因此每次张嘴说话她都会犯经
50、常性的错误。归纳拓展(1)as a consequenceas a resultin consequence 因此，结果as a consequence ofas a result ofin consequence of 由于的缘故(2)consequence n. 结果，后果，影响(通常用复数形式)；重要性(importance)take/suffer/bear the consequences of 承担的后果(3)consequently adv. 因此，所以，结果经典例句I missed the first bus.As a consequence, I was late for wo
51、rk.我错过了第一班车，所以上班迟到了。Mr Li forgot to lock the door and as a consequence, his house was broken into.李先生忘了锁门，结果他家被破门而入了。As a consequence of the side effect of the drug, he has become deaf.由于药物的副作用，他变聋了。We must take the consequences of our own deed.我们必须承担自己行为的后果。即学即练完成句子My father coughs frequently as a
52、consequence of smoking.因为吸烟，我父亲经常咳嗽。She was over the age limit and as a consequence,_her application was rejected.她超龄了，结果她的申请被拒绝了。2 (教材P10)Notice how certain words are left out in informal conversation.注意在非正式谈话中是如何省略某些词的。归纳拓展leave alone 不打扰，不理会leave behind 把抛在后面；留下leave for 动身去某地leave off 停止，中断leave
53、.aside 不予考虑，搁置一边品读高考(2016天津)Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in a alphabetical order, never letting myself leave out a tough idea.应用我自己的原则，我下定决心按照字母顺序写下它们，决不让自己漏掉一个强硬的想法。经典例句You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.你可以把故事中无趣的部分删去。Shes asked to be left alone.她
54、要求不要打扰她。When you go camping, please do not leave behind any trash.当你露营的时候，请不要留下任何垃圾。即学即练用leave短语填空If you study in a systematic way, you wont leave anything out.Dont leave any of your belongings behind.Leave the boy alone,_he can make up his own mind.3 (教材P11).particularly if you clearly show youre a
55、ware of cultural differences.尤其是你明显地表现出你了解文化差异时归纳拓展make sb. aware of/that. 使某人意识到be/become aware of doing sth. 意识到做(过)某事be/become aware that/wh. 意识到品读高考(2018全国卷)Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.每个人都可以购买外卖食品，但有时候我们并没有意识到自己做这样的食物
56、有多便宜。经典例句We hope that you will not hesitate to make us aware of any shortcomings which you may find in this plan.这个计划有什么缺欠，希望大家提出来。John has been aware of having done something wrong.约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。We are aware that smoking is harmful to our health.我们都知道吸烟对健康有害。即学即练完成句子We are quite aware of the import
57、ance of learning English.我们对英语学习的重要性相当清楚。He became aware of his shortcomings with the help of his parents.在他父母的帮助下，他意识到他自己的缺点。4 (教材P11)Income is a very private matter, and youd do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth
58、.收入是很私人的事情，你最好避免问别人挣多少钱，尽管有些人对此不仅不加隐瞒，反而还炫耀他们的财富。归纳拓展品读高考(2018全国卷)To show off their hunting skills.去炫耀他们的打猎技能。经典例句Although some people like to show off their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans.虽然有些人喜欢炫耀自己的财富，但对大多数美国人而言，收入是一件非常隐私的事情。It is really good of you to spend so much ti
59、me showing me around.他真是太热情了，花这么多时间带我四处参观。即学即练用show短语填空She likes to show off her nice figure by wearing tight dresses.They were taken to the garden and shown around.It was ten oclock when he finally showed up.句中的every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次时”。归纳拓展名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，常见的还有：as soon as 一就each time 每次时(t
60、he) next time 下次时any time (在)任何时间the first time 第一次的时候the last time 最后一次的时候品读高考(2017全国卷)When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.当容器满的时候，你可以通过软管把饮料吸过来，每次你需要喝饮料的时候，不必把蒸馏器破坏。经典例句You must present you
61、r library card every time you borrow books.你每次借书都必须出示借书证。Every time I see the picture, I always think of the days we spent together.我每次看见这张照片时，都会想起我们一起度过的日子。即学即练完成句子Our greatest glory consists not in never falling but in rising every time we fail.我们最值得自豪的不在于永不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒之后都站了起来。Next time I go to Engl
62、and, Ill take a boat.下次去英国，我将乘船。The first time I shopped online, I was very curious.第一次在网上购物时，我很好奇。“It is/wasn.that.”为主从复合句，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。归纳拓展为了平衡句子，避免头重脚轻，经常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放到后面。常见的句型还有：It isadj.(necessary/obvious/certain/likely.)that.It is过去分词(said/reported/believed.)that.，该句型可转换为“Sb./St
63、h.be过去分词动词不定式”品读高考(2018江苏)It is wrong to assume that arts groups cannot make a profit.假定艺术团体不能赢利是错误的。经典例句It was quite a coincidence that my friend was on the same train.很凑巧，我的朋友也在那列火车上。It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film yesterday.你昨天没去看那部电影真遗憾。It is said that he studied abroad last year.
64、据说他去年出国留学了。即学即练单句语法填空It is_believed (believe) that the flood here is the biggest in 100 years.It is_estimated (estimate) that nearly 100 million people live here, most of whom in the west.It is obvious that he is lying. When someone talks，everyone is expected to listen，no matter how dull the persons
65、 speaking may be.当有人说话时，不管他讲得是多么枯燥，其他人都得洗耳恭听。本句中no matter how dull the persons speaking may be是由no matter how引导的让步状语从句，此时no matter how相当于however，意为“不管多么，无论多么”，后跟形容词或副词。归纳拓展“疑问代词ever”既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句；“疑问副词ever”一般只引导让步状语从句；而“no matter特殊疑问词”仅能引导让步状语从句，并且可与“特殊疑问词ever”互换。品读高考(2018全国卷)But no matter ho
66、w rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable.但是无论她们多富裕，Dawson都不是居住舒适的地方。经典例句No matter how/However hard the task is, we must finish it on time.不管任务多么艰巨，我们必须按时完成。Ill wait for you however late it is.不管多晚我都会等你。The child ate whatever we gave him.我们给这个孩子什么他就吃什么。即学即练完成句子No matter who comes,_you will say
67、I am out.不管谁来，你就说我不在家。No matter when you come,_you are welcome.无论你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。Whatever happens to me will never change my mind.不管遇到什么事情，永远也改变不了我的想法。He tried his best to solve the problem, however difficult it was.不管问题有多难，他都会尽力解决。 Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other afte
68、r someone they both know has left the room，or the caf or party，etc.设想这样一种情形，在咖啡馆或聚会等场合，双方都认识的人离开了房间，两个陌生人开始交谈。句子的主干结构是祈使句(谓语宾语)，where引导的定语从句修饰situation。在定语从句中after引导状语从句，在该状语从句中they both know是定语从句，修饰someone。归纳拓展当point， situation， case等词作先行词表示抽象的地点时，其后常用where引导定语从句，where在定语从句中作地点状语。品读高考(2017天津)What d
69、oes the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A situation where drivers role is not clear.短语“死亡之谷”在第二段指代什么？指的是对司机角色的定义不清楚的局面。经典例句Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.让孩子置身于能让他们看到不一样的自己的局面里，这对他们是有帮助的。I have reached a point in my life where I am
70、 supposed to make decisions of my own.我到了人生中应该自己拿主意的时候了。即学即练单句语法填空Mr Zhang is caught in the very situation where it is difficult for him to make a decision.They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.I can think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English
71、 words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.单词拼写1You should apologise (道歉) to your customers for wasting their money.2Our privacy should not be violated (侵犯)3It was impolite (不礼貌) of you to get in their conversation.4You may imagine (想象)their astonishment at finding the room empty.5They ha
72、ve the function (职能) and powers in their hands.6If you have a mental problem, please go to see a psychologist (心理学家)7Our campaigns main purpose (目的) is to raise money.8Under no circumstances (情形) should you lend him any money.9Were you successful (成功的) in persuading him to change his mind?10Each of
73、them might define (给下定义) freedom in a very different way.选词填空leave behind， be aware of， show off， next time， make an apology， cheer up， show up， be absent from1She was not aware_of what was going on around.2Those boys always show_off their sports skills to the girls.3If you dont keep up with the tim
74、es, youll get left_behind.4Do remember to look me up the next_time youre in London.5He was_absent_from the party for one reason or another.6We waited for two hours, but he did not show_up.7Cheer_up! Im sure youll feel better tomorrow.8I come to make_an_apology for keeping you waiting.句型转换1I apologiz
75、e for not being able to join you for dinner.(同义句转换)I make an apology for not being able to join you for dinner.2No matter how difficult the problem is, well overcome it.(同义句转换)However difficult the problem is, well overcome it.3It was reported that they fell in love.(they作主语)They were reported to ha
76、ve fallen in love.4We have never imagined a situation. He uses the stone and wood in the situation.(改为定语从句)We have never imagined a situation where he uses the stone and wood.5The manager was angry with Tom because he was absent from the meeting.(同义句转换)The manager was angry with Tom because of his absence from the meeting.