1、课时作业13Section Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary.单词拼写1The family originally (原来) came from France.2Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading (主要的) actor is worldfamous?3That building has been converted (转换) into a school.4Some species (物种) of animals have become extinct because they could not
2、adapt to the changing environment.5Einstein and Churchill were among the outstanding figures (人物) of the 20th century.6When will the dictionary be published (出版)?7A scientist must produce evidence in support (支持) of a theory.8Surgeons have made a great breakthrough (突破)in the kidney transplantation.
3、9Their products are not only sold well at home, but also exported (出口) to Japan，the USA, etc.10This new model is of high quality (质量)and is not expensive, either.用所给词的适当形式填空或在空格处填入语法形式正确的词1Wed better bring in the advanced technology to improve our product.解析：bring in 引进。句意：我们最好引进先进的技术来改进我们的产品。2The n
4、ews led to a great panic in the village.解析：句意：那个消息在村里引起了极大的恐慌。lead to 导致。3Sadly, the reading room where Karl Marx did a lot of reading had moved from its original (original) place into another building.解析：句意：悲哀的是，卡尔马克思以前读书的那个阅览室从其原来的地方搬到另外一栋楼里去了。4Most of the people in the city strongly (strong) supp
5、ort the plan to build an overbridge on the busy road outside the school.解析：句意：大部分市民都强烈支持在学校外面交通繁忙的马路上修建一座天桥的计划。修饰实义动词用副词。5I cant figure out what has happened to the vegetables for they were freshly picked this morning.解析：句意：我弄不明白这些蔬菜怎么了，它们是今天早上刚采摘的新鲜蔬菜。figure out 弄明白，搞清楚。6My elder sister was against
6、 my travel plan while my parents were in support of it.解析：句意：我姐姐反对我的旅游计划而我父母赞成。in support of 支持。7The strong earthquake lasted over ten minutes.As a result，most of the buildings in the city fell down.解析：句意：强烈的地震持续了十分钟以上，结果，城市里的大部分建筑都倒塌了。as a result 结果，因此。8How to bring up the only child properly has c
7、aused lots of discussions and arguments in China.解析：句意：如何正确地抚养独生子女在中国引起了许多的讨论和争论。bring up 抚养。9Their products are of high quality.解析：of high quality 质量好。10As the result of the destroying of the forests，quantities of rich land have turned into desert on the earth.解析：句意：由于毁坏了森林，地球上大量的肥沃田地变成了沙漠。quantiti
8、es of 许多，大量。.语法填空Gandhi, an Indian national hero, was honored as the father of the Indian nation, _1_has been respected and beloved by the Indians.He was born in India in 1869 and was brought _2_ in a family who believed in Indian Buddhism. Following the local custom, he got married at the age of 13
9、. In 1888 he sailed to England, where he studied law for three years and became a _3_. On his return to India, he was sent to South Africa _4_ (work) on a law case.In South Africa he surprisedly found the problem of racial discrimination was serious. There he formed an organization and started a mag
10、azine to fight _5_equal rights.Gandhi returned to India in 1915, when India was controlled by the British. He _6_ (lead) the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and many people _7_ (support) him. In the political movement many Indians _8_ (include) Gandhi were put in prison. However, the
11、 struggles never stopped. The British government had to give in _9_ India won its independence in 1947._10_ (fortunate) Gandhi was shot by an Indian who opposed his views and died on January 30th, 1948.1who解析：考查非限制性定语从句，先行词是人，从句缺主语，所以填who。2up解析：bring up 养育，抚养。3lawyer解析：根据句意“他学了三年法律”及下文“他接收法律案件”不难判断他
12、成了一名“律师”。4to_work解析：不定式表目的。为了解决一桩法律案件他被派往南非。5for解析：考查动词短语搭配。 fight for为而战。6led解析：考查动词的时态。根据前文的in 1915可判断用一般过去时态。7supported解析：and连接两个并列句，时态应一致，都用一般过去时态。8including解析：根据句子的意思，很多印度人，包括Gandhi在内，都被关进牢里。 including是介词。9and解析：根据句子结构，空格的前后都是一个独立的并列句，所以用并列连词and。10Unfortunately解析：副词unfortunately修饰整个句子。.阅读理解Mars
13、 on EarthDevon Island has always been a cold and uninhabited (无人居住的) place in the Canadian Arctic. Day after day there are high winds and the temperature is below freezing. But for the first time, despite the terrible weather conditions, Devon Island is the new home for a group of explorers from NAS
14、A. They are living here for a few months in order to train and learn how to live and work on Mars. The groups members come from various backgrounds and nationalities, but they all have the same purpose: to find out how people can live on Mars in the future.They have chosen Devon Island because the e
15、nvironment and landscape is similar in many ways to Mars. The surface is freezing cold and the ground is rough. However, there are some differences on Mars, where the atmosphere is poisonous to breathe. Devon Island is easier to travel to and it has its own dangers that you wont find on Mars. For ex
16、ample, you might meet a hungry polar bear on Devon Island!One thing the team wants to develop is suitable clothing for Mars. This includes a space suit. The suit they are testing at the moment is strong enough but its too difficult to put on and take off. Its very big and bulky, which means that jus
17、t walking around is very difficult and tiring. In addition, people will need to do experiments on Mars while wearing the suit so they have to be able to move around easily. One team member, Andy Overbeeke, specializes in space suit engineering. He explains, “You have to think about what theyre reall
18、y going to operate in.”Another part of daily life on Mars will be meals and food. Creating a new home on Mars requires a lot of food. So the big question is: can you grow plants in order to survive? Scientists believe that growing plants on Mars might be possible. Mars and Earth have many similariti
19、es. They both have about the same amount of dry land and a 24hour day. However, the atmosphere on Mars is totally different, so Canadian scientist Alain Berinstain is attempting to grow plants in a special greenhouse that you could also build on Mars. The greenhouse needs to run 365 days a year, so
20、it uses a combination of solar energy and wind power.People living on Mars will also want their own transportation. For this, the team on Devon Island have built the “Martian Rover”. Its a huge heavy vehicle that can travel over rocks and rough terrain. This kind of testing takes many days but so fa
21、r the work has been valuable and effective. As a result, the whole team now believes their work is crucial and that its possible for humans to land on the planet Mars and create a home there. Andy Overbeeke adds, “We know that its mans destiny to go out and do space exploration. Its always time to t
22、hink about what you want to do in the future.”本文是一篇科普文，主要讲述了为了将来能在火星上生存，人们需要做的各方面的努力。1The explorers are living on Devon Island to _.Areceive a training in astronomyBset up an advanced research labClearn how to live and work on MarsDmake a living in an uninhabited land答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“They are
23、 living here for a few months in order to train and learn how to live and work on Mars.”可知，探索者们住在德文岛是为了学习如何在火星上生存和工作。故答案选C。2To keep food supply on Mars, people should _.Acreate a new home Bimprove the atmosphereCbuild special greenhouses Dreduce the area of dry land答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“to grow pla
24、nts in a special greenhouse that you could also build on Mars”可知，如果在火星上也要保持粮食供应，人们应该建造特殊的温室大棚。故答案选C。3According to the passage, we know that _.Ahumans may live on Mars in the futureBMartian Rover has failed to stand the testCMars and Devon Island have the same soil conditionDscientists have mastered
25、the method to grow plants on Mars答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三句中的“its possible for humans to land on the planet Mars and create a home there”可知，将来人类有可能住到火星上去。故答案选A。.阅读填句Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty
26、per cent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：Schedule (安排) yearly exams. _1_ Experts advise parents to bring babies six to twelve months of age to the doctor f
27、or a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.Protect against UV rays. A longterm stay in the sun creates the risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. _2_G
28、ive your eyes a break. Twothirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. _3_ Experts recommend that people practise the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20second break and look at something 20 feet away._4_ As part of a healthy diet, eat more frui
29、t and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.Practise safe wear and care of contact lenses. Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules an
30、d putting their eyesight at risk. _5_ Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.AEat your greens.BEye care should begin early in life.CThey can properly protect your eyes.DStay in good shape by taking more vitamins.EParents usually dont care abo
31、ut their own eyesight.FAlways follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.GThis frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.本文是一篇说明文。拥有健康的视力对每个人来说都是非常重要的事情。这篇文章介绍了五条建议以帮助我们更好地保护眼睛。1B解析：根据下文的句子“Experts advise parents to bring babies six to twelve months of age to the doctor for a ca
32、reful check.”可知，保护视力应该很早就开始，所以答案是B。2C解析：根据上文的句子“No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses.”可知，太阳镜可以很好地保护你的眼睛，所以答案是C。3G解析：根据上文的句子“Twothirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.”可知，频繁的用眼活动会增加眼睛疲劳的危险，所以答案是G。4A解析：根据下文的句子“As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruit and vegetables each day.”可知，要多吃绿色蔬菜，所以答案是A。5F解析：根据上文的句子“While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.”可知，佩戴隐形眼镜要听从医生的建议，所以答案是F。