1、主题训练(八)良好的人际关系与社会交往大阅读提升阅读速度内化读文规律(满分70分，限时55分钟).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A(2021太原模拟)In an effort to inform our citizens of clearing the street snow, the city adopts a snow removal plan.Routes used by City Emergency Services come first. Secondly, connector streets will be cleared which allow citizens
2、the greatest access to public roads. And thirdly, roads within neighborhoods will be cleared.Snow removal and ice control will start when：Snow accumulates 4 inches or more.Weather conditions do not endanger the safety of road crew.Snow falls during peak traffic periods of heavy use of main streets.S
3、now and ice removal will be delayed or cancelled when：There is severe cold, significant wind and limited visibility.The snowfall occurs on the weekend or a holiday and is not considered a threat to public safety. In that case, snow and ice removal may take place on the next normal weekday.Snow and i
4、ce may be left on roadways if melting is obvious.Your cooperation is requested during snow removal and these suggestions may apply：Limit travel during storms. Travel is possible once roads have been cleared or salted by the road crew.Avoid removing snow from your driveways into the road. Pile the sn
5、ow in your yard.Park your vehicles in your driveways and off the road or walkways.Keep public sidewalks next to your house clear of snow and ice.Be responsible for removing the snow which is thrown by the snow plough (扫雪机) from your driveways. Hopefully, you can understand this inconvenience.语篇解读：本文
6、是一篇应用文，介绍了市民铲除街道积雪的公告，包括铲雪的顺序、开始铲雪的时间、推迟或取消铲雪的时间以及市民配合铲雪的措施等。1When will the snow have to be removed?AIf it reaches a certain thickness.BIf the main streets are not busy.CIf the snow and ice begin to melt.DIf extreme weather makes roads dangerous.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Snow removal and ice control will start w
7、hen：部分第一条“Snow accumulates 4 inches or more”可知，积雪达到或者超过四英寸时需要铲雪，故A项正确。2What should citizens do to cooperate in the snow removal?AHelp to put the salt on the road.BPile the snow nearby to the road.CThrow the snow into the driveways.DClear the sidewalks close to their houses.解析：选D细节理解题。根据Your cooperat
8、ion is requested during snow removal and these suggestions may apply：部分第四条“Keep public sidewalks next to your house clear of snow and ice”可知，市民应当清扫他们家附近的人行道以配合铲雪工作，故D项正确。3What can we learn from the text?AClearance of emergency routes has a priority.BSnow and ice must be removed on the weekends.CCiti
9、zens play the most important role in the snow removal.DThe poster is to inform citizens of an oncoming heavy snow.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Routes used by City Emergency Services come first”可知，应当优先清扫城市应急通道，故A项正确。BAt the age of seven, while his friends were spending pocket money on things like candy and to
10、ys, Jose Adolfo Quisocola was busy saving money for more essential purchases. To try to get his peers to do the same, the youngster from Arequipa, Peru came up with the innovative idea of an ecobank, which allows kids of all ages to gain economic independence while also helping the environment.Estab
11、lished in 2012, the Bartselana Student Bank is the worlds first cooperative bank for kids. To open an account, kids have to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste (paper or plastic) and establish a savings goal. Once accepted, all bank “partners” are required to deposit (存储) at least one addit
12、ional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and meet other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.The waste collected is sold to local recycling companies, which, thanks to Jose, pay a higherthanmarket rate for everything brought in by Bartsel
13、ana Student Bank members. The funds received are placed in the individuals account until his or her savings goal is reached. The account holder can then withdraw his or her money, or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger target.“At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy，” Jose
14、 recalls. “They did not understand that we_are_not_the_future_of_the_country_but_its_present. Luckily, I had the support of the school principal.”By 2013, the bank had over 200 members who brought in one ton of recyclable waste. Today, the ecobank, which now has the support of several local institut
15、ions, has ten educational centers. They are designed to teach over 3,000 members of both finance and environmental management. On December 6, 2018, in response to the growing demand, Bartselana Student Bank began accepting applications from kids all across Peru.As the teenager says, “Together we can
16、 change the world. We just need an opportunity.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。当朋友们将零花钱花在糖果和玩具上时，Jose却忙着存钱。之后他成立了Bartselana Student Bank，让学生带废品开户，然后将废品销售给收购商。该银行受到了很多孩子的欢迎。4What is the purpose of the ecobank?ATo involve kids in the management of the local recycling companies.BTo help kids get pocket money to spend o
17、n things like candy and toys.CTo get kids to gain economic independence and help protect the environment.DTo show kids how important it is to learn environmental management.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“which allows kids of all ages to gain economic independence while also helping the environment”可知，该银行能让各个
18、年龄段的孩子获得经济独立，同时也有助于保护环境，故C项正确。5What duty does an ecobank member have to perform?AAttending financial education workshops.BBringing in 5 kilograms of waste.CSaving one kilogram of solid waste weekly.DEstablishing a savings goal.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“such as attending financial education and environmen
19、tal management workshops”可知，银行成员的义务之一是参加财务教育和环境管理研讨会，故A项正确。6What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?AKids are more responsible when growing up.BKids can contribute to the society though young.CThe future of the country relies mainly on kids.DThe present is a vital period for kid developmen
20、t.解析：选B句意理解题。根据第四段Jose所说的话“They did not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present”，并结合上文叙述的该生态银行是为保护环境和让孩子们经济独立而开设的可推知，画线部分表示尽管孩子们还小，但是仍然可以为社会做出贡献，故B项正确。7Which of the following words can best describe Jose?AInfluential.BCrazy.CFlexible. DGenerous.解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，到2
21、013年，该生态银行已经有200多名成员，并得到了当地几家机构的支持，拥有10个教育中心。2018年12月6日，为了满足日益增长的需求，该银行开始接受秘鲁各地孩子的申请。据此可推知，Jose是一个有很大影响的人，故A项正确。CWhen I was a kid, my sister and I would fight all the time over nearly everything. But as we grew older, our bond strengthened by sharing secrets, offering advice and trading clothes. Hav
22、ing a sister by my side while growing up taught me many lessons about the unique bond.And now, thanks to an 8yearlong study thats making the rounds on the Internet again, science is confirming what I know is true. In the study, researchers discovered that having an older or younger sister can help e
23、ase the blues for kids between the ages of 10 and 14 years. They also found that people with sisters can “learn how to make up and to regain control of their emotions”， which are skills that undoubtedly serve children well.The revival of this study actually comes on the heels of another newer study,
24、 which shows that its not just the older kids and parents who influence and shape children as they grow. It turns out that younger siblings (兄弟姐妹) do too, and whats more, they may also give their older siblings a greater chance of developing empathy (同情)The Canadian study followed 452 pairs of sibli
25、ngs, all between a yearandahalf and 4 years old. The researchers found that having a younger sibling increased the older siblings level of empathy.This research confirms that sisters are pretty amazing in making the world a much lovely place. As the mom of two boys, I often wonder what kinds of less
26、ons they will learn from their younger sister. Perhaps they will be the same lessons I learned from mine that cooler heads always win. This study gives me hope that all those endless arguments between my kids may actually be laying the groundwork for conflictsettlement skills.语篇解读：作者通过讲述自己的亲身感受和对一项调
27、查研究的介绍说明了有兄弟姐妹的好处。8What can we learn from the study?AChildren under four develop empathy fastest.BIt is normal for siblings to quarrel.CHaving siblings is not always a headache.DHaving sisters is helpful to mental health.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“having an older or younger sister can help ease the blues fo
28、r kids between the ages of 10 and 14 years”可知，有姐妹会缓解孩子们沮丧、忧郁的状况，有利于他们的精神健康。9What does the underlined word “revival” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?AResult. BBeginning.CReappearance. DSignificance.解析：选C词义猜测题。画线词前有定冠词，表示特指，故应从上文中找依据。根据第二段首句中的“. an 8yearlong study thats making the rounds on the Internet
29、again”以及本段内容可知，这项研究是再次在网上流行，故选C。10What can we learn about the authors children?AThey love their mother very much.BThey have a higher level of empathy.CThey often quarrel with one another.DTheyve learned the same lessons as the author.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“This study gives me hope that all those endl
30、ess arguments between my kids may actually be laying the groundwork for conflictsettlement skills”中的“endless arguments”可知，作者的孩子们之间也经常发生争吵。11What is the main idea of the passage?ASiblings have a unique bond.BSiblings have something in common.CHaving siblings is good to children.DChildren having sibli
31、ngs are considerate.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文通过作者的亲身感受以及一项调查发现说明有兄弟姐妹对孩子们而言是有好处的。D(2021湖南湘东六校联考)It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when theyre meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by the body language expert Dr Harry Witchel shows t
32、his isnt always the case.In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 1835 to play a geography quiz game consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong. Participants seated interacted with a computer alone in a room while their faces were video recorded.After the qu
33、iz, the participants were asked to rate their experience using a range of 12 emotions including “bored”， “interested” and “frustrated”. Meanwhile, their facial expressions were then computer analysed frame by frame in order to judge how much they were smiling based on a scale of between 0 to 1.Dr Wi
34、tchel said: “According to some researchers, a real smile reflects the inner state of cheerfulness or amusement. However, behavioural ecology theory suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor rich for smiling. Our study showed that in
35、 these humancomputer interaction experiments, smiling isnt driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement (主观参与), which acts like a social fuel for smiling, even when socialising with a computer on your own.”Surprisingly, participants didnt tend to smile during the period when the
36、y were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer game informed them if their answer was correct or wrong. Participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witchel added: “During these computerised quizzes, smiling was greatly increased just a
37、fter answering questions incorrectly. This behaviour could be explained by selfratings of involvement, rather than by ratings of happiness or frustration.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为微笑意味着一个人是快乐的，但是研究表明，微笑仅是社交的需要，并不表明这个人一定是快乐的。12Why did Dr Witchel use difficult questions in the quiz game?ATo make it hard fo
38、r participants to answer them correctly.BTo make the answer period last as long as possible.CTo discover the most intelligent participants.DTo create a stressful situation for participants deliberately.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，他设计的问题很难是为了让参加试验的人得出错误的答案；据此可知，设计难题的目的是让参与者难以答对题目，故A项正确。13What can we infer
39、from what Dr Witchel said in Paragraph 4?AOther researchers opinion of a real smile is quite right.BSmiles arent necessarily useful tools in social interactions.CSubjective involvement doesnt motivate smiling in social interactions.DWitchels study finding is consistent with behavioural ecology theor
40、y.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第四段尾句可知，试验结果表明，微笑不是由快乐驱动的；它与主观参与有关；结合第四段第二句可知，行为生态学理论认为，所有的微笑都是社会交往中使用的工具，这意味着快乐对微笑来说既不是必要的，也不是丰富的。据此可以推断，研究的结果与行为生态学理论一致，故D项正确。14What do we know about the text?AParticipants were asked to interact with each other in the quiz.BParticipants in the auiz smiled less often when they got t
41、he answer wrong.CIn Dr Witchels opinion, smiling is connected with subjective involvement.DDr Witchel thinks that a real smile reflects the inner state of cheerfulness.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段尾句可知，Witchel博士认为，微笑不是由快乐驱动的，它与主观参与有关。故C项正确。15What can be a suitable title for the text?AWhat Contributes to Real Hap
42、piness?BHow to Identify Whether a Person Is Really Happy?CSmiling Doesnt Necessarily Mean HappinessDPeople Generally Hold a Wrong View on Happiness解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文，并结合文章第一段第二句“However, a new study led by the body language expert Dr Harry Witchel shows this isnt always the case”可推知，文章陈述了这样的事实：微笑仅是社交的需
43、要，并不表明这个人一定快乐。故C项最适合作本文的标题。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) How to Be a Good Team LeaderTeamwork is essential in school, sports, and group activities.Being a good team leader involves a lot of skills, but knowing how to relate to your team is one of the most important qualities a good team leader should hav
44、e.Show respect.As a leader, you will sometimes have to make a decision in a hurry._16_ Youd better explain clearly why you made the decision and ask for feedback from your team, which shows that you are a leader with respect._17_If some people are a little behind on a project or task, help them.Be p
45、atient and spend some time with the individual to assess why there is an issue.In addition, find a task for everyone no matter what their skill or level is._18_Encourage your team.Sometimes people are scared to try something, and this is where the leader comes in._19_ Its more likely that your team
46、will get motivated and have the job done at last.Recognize the positive results.Acknowledge your team for a job well done, even if its small.You dont have to reward good work with a pay raise._20_ Taking a second or two to stop and thank your team makes a difference.Once you follow the tips mentione
47、d above, you will make a good team leader.AInclude everyone.BKeep a positive attitude.CA pay raise will cheer up your team.DOral appreciation holds a lot of weight.EAfter all, they all want to contribute in some way.FShow your team that the task is possible, even if difficult.GBut this may not alway
48、s be what everyone in your team wants.16选G根据空处前后两句的句意可以判断，空处与前一句形成转折关系，表示这么做并非团队每个成员想要的，并引出后一句，故G项正确。17选A根据空处所在的位置可知，空处是该段标题；由该段第二、三句可知，该段主要陈述要关注每个成员，故A项正确。18选E根据空处前一句可知，要给所有人找到任务，不管他们的技能或水平是什么样的；据此可以判断，空处解释此举的原因，故E项(毕竟每个团队的成员都想以某种方式做出贡献)符合语境。19选F根据该段的标题可知，要鼓励你的团队成员；结合空处后一句可知，你的团队成员很有可能被激励，从而最终完成工作；
49、据此可以判断，空处承上启下，陈述激励的方式，故F项(向团队成员证明，即使任务很困难，也是可能完成的)符合语境。20选D根据空处前一句可知，你无需为团队成员良好的工作表现加薪；据此可以判断，D项(口头表扬会起到很大的作用)与此处匹配。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)When I was six years old, I broke my right arm. After numerous weeks with a cast (石膏绷带) on, I returned to the hospital to _21_ have it removed. My mother foun
50、d it _22_ that I was so excited about returning to the place where I had experienced so much _23_. Yet soon she discovered my fascination with the healing process.After the doctor removed my cast, I became _24_ as the pain shot up my arm. After a series of Xrays and _25_， I was given a new cast and
51、my mother was told to bring me back in two weeks.When the _26_ came I would have my cast removed for the second time, I was nervous. The hospital seemed like a more _27_ place than it had been. Yet I was optimistic enough to _28_ the doctor as he removed the cast and asked me to move my arm. After a
52、 moment of _29_， I reached out my arm, moved it and was shocked by the _30_. My arm was fixed! Nothing _31_！As my mom and I made our way out of the hospital, I _32_ her hand and ran away. My mom was _33_ that I would meet with something dangerous. As she moved through a lot of people in the crowded
53、hospital, she _34_ me. I was comforting an old man. Just as my mother pulled me, I said，“Dont _35_； the doctor will fix your _36_. Youll walk again! He fixed my arm！” I showed him my newly healed arm. My mother felt embarrassed and began to _37_ to the old man in the wheelchair and the elderly woman
54、 pushing him. Yet she _38_ when she saw their smiles. She had _39_ that optimism, enthusiasm and trust were nothing to be sorry for.Since then, Ive decided to help people. I believe _40_ and trust are the building blocks for happiness and success.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。虽然“我”的胳膊骨折了，但是“我”依然积极乐观，相信医生可以治好“我”。从
55、而学到乐观和信任是幸福和成功的基石。21A.finally BslightlyCproudly Dquietly解析：选A根据本空前的“numerous weeks”得出，胳膊上打着石膏绷带，数周之后，“我”终于要把它拆掉了。22A.useless BstrangeCpossible Dlucky解析：选B看到“我”要回医院还如此兴奋，妈妈觉得奇怪。23A.danger BfailureCharm Dpain解析：选D根据上句中的“hospital”可判断，在医院“我”曾经经受了太多的疼痛。24A.tired BpuzzledCinterested Dscared解析：选D从本空后的“pain
56、”可知，当“我”的胳膊一阵剧烈疼痛时，“我”变得很害怕。25A.arguments BpracticesCexaminations Dmeetings解析：选C该处与本空前“Xrays”构成并列。经过一系列X光和检查之后，“我”的胳膊又打上了一个新的绷带。26A.day BperformanceCoperation Dchance解析：选A根据破折号后内容“I would have my cast removed for the second time, I was nervous”判断，回医院的那天终于到了，“我”有点紧张。27A.disappointing BfrighteningCcon
57、fusing Dboring解析：选B在“我”看来，这一次医院比以前变得更让人害怕了。28A.trust BteachCremind Dencourage解析：选A根据本空前的“optimistic”可知，然而“我”很乐观，愿意相信医生。29A.surprise BhesitationCcomplaint Dtreatment解析：选B犹豫片刻之后，“我”伸出了“我”的胳膊，活动了一下。30A.wound BdesignCview Dresult解析：选D“我”活动了一下胳膊，被这样的结果震惊了。31A.fell BsavedChurt Dended解析：选C“我”的胳膊接上了，所以就不感觉疼
58、了。32A.released BmovedCtouched Dheld解析：选A由于“我”的胳膊已经痊愈了，所以当“我”和妈妈走出医院时，“我”放开了她的手，跑开了。33A.aware BashamedCafraid Damazed解析：选C“我”放开了妈妈的手，妈妈害怕“我”会遇到什么危险。34A.paid attention to Bcaught sight ofCput up with Dlooked up to解析：选B妈妈挤过拥挤的人群看到了“我”。35A.go BcryCrun Dworry解析：选D根据上句中的“comforting”可知，“我”在安慰老人，告诉他别担心。36A.
59、legs BtoolCshoes Dwheelchair解析：选A根据下句中的“walk”可知，“我”告诉老人，医生会帮助他，会使他的腿痊愈。37A.point BapologizeCshout Dreply解析：选B妈妈原来担心“我”，现在听到“我”跟老人说的话之后，她觉得有点不好意思，并且跟老人道歉。下文“be sorry for”也有提示。38A.agreed BescapedCleft Dstopped解析：选D但是当她看到老人的笑容后马上停了下来。她已经意识到乐观、热情还有信任没什么好抱歉的。39A.suggested BdoubtedCexplained Drealized解析：选
60、D参见上题解析。40A.experience BpatienceCoptimism Dcuriosity解析：选C“我”相信，乐观和信任是幸福和成功的基石。上文的“optimism, enthusiasm and trust”也是提示。精表达夯实语言基础提升表达能力.单词拼写1According to my own understanding, a good teacher is also a good performer (表演者) in class.2In my spare time, I often take regular exercise, such as swimming, run
61、ning and various (各种各样的) ball games.3It is such an unusual (不同寻常的) work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.4He was accused (指控) of robbing a bank and was sentenced to ten years in prison.5The government rewarded (奖赏) him for saving the old man in the well.6Id like to thank my friend, wh
62、os been very generous (慷慨的) with his time.7Our headteacher demanded (要求) that we should take an active part in all kinds of afterschool activities.8Like most teenagers (青少年), I am crazy about football and rock music.9After staying in hospital for a month he is recovering (康复) from a heart attack.10I
63、ts my privilege (荣幸；特权) to have such an opportunity to live with your family.单句语法填空1You write an unkind message about someone, intending (intend) to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person youre discussing.2Its delightful (delight) to see so many beautiful flowers.3Kindness can b
64、uild on itself as much as violence (violent) can.4I told him about the many activities in which I was_involved (involve)5In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses has changed the warming trend locally, and actually (actual) cooled the region.6If you cant make the official (office) office
65、hours, most professors are willing to make individual appointments to help you out.7But for tourists like me, pandas are its top attraction (attract)8Because of his hard work, the boy has made much progress in his academic achievements (achieve)9As you know, you should learn more about Chinese cultu
66、re and history to_acquire (acquire) a good knowledge of Chinese.10Knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be very beneficial (benefit) to your understanding of the poems.完成句子1He is such_a_warmhearted_man_that we all admire him very much.他是一个如此热心肠的人，以至于我们都很敬佩他。2The relationship between parents a
67、nd children has_great_influence_on_the_life of both sides.父母和孩子之间的关系对双方的生活有很大的影响。3True friendship should be_based_on_mutual_understanding,_not on mutual benefit.真正的友谊应该基于相互的理解而非相互的利益。4Make_full_use_of_your_passion_and_kindness to bridge the gap between you and others.充分利用你的热情和善良架起你和其他人之间的桥梁。5Only_as
68、_we_have_the_right_attitude_toward_ourselves_can_we have the right attitude toward others.只有当我们能正确地对待自己时，我们才能正确地对待他人。.书面表达假定你是李华，你的英国朋友William寒假期间要来中国游玩，行程中计划在你家住三天，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1住宿条件；2活动安排；3其他事项(气候差异、着装提醒等)。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：Dear William，I am delighted to know that you are comin
69、g to China, and especially excited that you will stay in my house. Now, Id like to tell you some relevant information about your stay here.The bedroom in which you will live is bright and pleasant. A variety of books as well as a computer are available. Of course you have easy access to the network. Whats more, I intend to show you around my city where you can visit some places of interest. By the way, we are having a cold winter here. So, be sure to bring your winter clothes.I am sure you will have a wonderful experience here. Looking forward to your coming.Yours，Li Hua