1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。话题语篇专攻练四十选修8Unit 5Meeting your ancestors(限时35分钟). 阅读理解AScientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals (晶体) that could be 50, 000 years old. The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These a
2、ncient life forms can be seen only with a microscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States, says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron. She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American
3、 Association for the Advancement of Science. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions. Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area. The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from th
4、ose of their nearest relatives. The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep. They were once used for mining lead. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area was separated from the surface and the outside world. Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europ
5、es Middle Ages. There are crystals covering the walls. The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs (病菌) or other damage. Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had
6、to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down. NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last weeks announcement. So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she
7、believed them. “Why are we surprised? ”Noonan asked. “ As a biologist, I would say life on Earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful. ”Boston is also studying microbes commonly found inside caves in other countries, such as Ukraine and the United States. These microbes appear to be impossible
8、to kill. Boston said they show how difficult life on Earth can be. 【文章大意】这篇文章主要讲了科学家在墨西哥发现5万岁的“超级生命”, 这些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁和锰等矿物质生存。1. The existence of the ancient microbes relies on _. A. surrounding insectsB. eating mineralsC. diverse plantsD. absorbing air【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段最后一句中的says the ancient microbe
9、s were able to live by eating minerals such as iron. 可知这些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁和锰等矿物质生存, 选B。2. What can we infer about the caves in Naica from the passage? A. The temperature in the caves is quite low. B. The environment in the caves is difficult to adapt to. C. The walls are covered by crystals. D. The cave
10、s have been explored since they were formed. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第四段后半部分内容可知有晶体覆盖在墙上。洞穴是相当的热, 科学家必须穿特殊的衣服才比较凉爽。衣服还保护晶体免受人类身上的细菌或其他因素的损害。研究人员每次只能工作约20分钟, 然后他们就得到38摄氏度的房间里降温。所以可以推断出洞穴里的环境很难适应。3. What is the biologist Norine Noonans attitude towards the findings? A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Indi
11、fferent. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第五段第三句But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she believed them. 可知NASA官员不会让波士顿在上周的公告之前与科学专家分享她的发现。所以科学家不能公布过多的研究结果。但是, 南佛罗里达大学的生物学家诺丁诺南说她相信他们。故选C。4. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. Living organisms bring hope to scientific research. B.
12、 Caves provide living environment for living organisms. C. Microbes show great power to survive in terrible conditions. D. Scientists Discover 50, 000-year-old “super life” in Mexico. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了科学家在墨西哥发现5万岁的“超级生命”, 这些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁和锰等矿物质生存, 所以选D。【知识拓展】长难句分析Scientists have found living orga
13、nisms trapped in crystals (晶体) that could be 50, 000 years old. 翻译: 科学家发现了被困在晶体里面有5万岁的活的微生物。trapped是过去分词作后置定语。分析: that引导的是定语从句。【知识拓展】词汇积累organism n. 有机体; 生物体; 微生物; 有机体系, 有机组织astrobiologyn. 天体生物学, 太空生物学microbe n. 微生物, 细菌BThere are campus museums all over China that offer various collections and make
14、for eye-opening visits. Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang UniversityAdmission: freeOpening hours: Tuesday and Saturday, 9: 00 am12: 00 pmHighlights: Included among the more than 300 historic aircraft and space artifacts are one of the two Northrop P-61 Black Widows in the world and Chinas firs
15、t light airliner, Beijing 1. Fudan University MuseumAdmission: freeOpening hours: Tuesday to Friday, 9: 00 am11: 30 am and 1: 30 pm4: 30 pmHighlights: A unique collection of native artifacts from the Gaoshan aborigines in Taiwan. Some of them, such as pearl vests, are rarely seen even in Taiwan. Chi
16、na Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean UniversityAdmission: 10 yuanOpening hours: Monday to Friday, 9: 00 am11: 30 am and 1: 30 pm4: 00 pmHighlights: In this collection of more than 40, 000 specimens of about 3, 000 ocean-dwelling species, the most eye-catching one is an 18. 4-meter-long sperm
17、 whale skeleton. Yifu Museum of China University of GeosciencesAdmission: 40 yuan; half price for studentsOpening hours: Monday to Friday, 8: 30 am12: 00 am and 2: 30 pm5: 00 pm; weekends and holidays, 9: 00 am4: 30 pmHighlights: It houses a collection of more than 30, 000 mineral and rock specimens
18、, more than 2, 000 of which are rare ones like the museums well-known dinosaur fossils. China Academy Museum at Hunan UniversityAdmission: 50 yuanOpening hours: Monday to Sunday, 8: 00 am6: 30 pm in summer and 8: 30 am6: 00 pm in winterHighlights: Chinas only museum to feature the history of academi
19、es and cultural education in the country. 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。中国各地都有校园博物馆, 提供各种各样的收藏品, 让人大开眼界。文章主要介绍了五个校园博物馆的门票, 开放时间, 以及各自的亮点等相关信息。5. Which museum will you choose if youre interested in sea species? A. China Academy Museum at Hunan UniversityB. Yifu Museum of China University of GeosciencesC. Beijing Ai
20、r and Space Museum at Beihang UniversityD. China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University【解析】选D。细节理解题。由China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University部分中的“In this collection of more than 40, 000 specimens of about 3, 000 ocean-dwelling species, the most eye-catching one is an
21、18. 4-meter-long sperm whale skeleton. ”可知, 如果你对海洋生物感兴趣, 你可以去上海海洋大学中国鱼文化博物馆, 故选D。6. What can you see in Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences? A. Space artifacts. B. Dinosaur fossils. C. Native artifacts. D. Sperm whale skeletons. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由“It houses a collection of more than 30, 000 m
22、ineral and rock specimens, more than 2, 000 of which are rare ones like the museums well-known dinosaur fossils. ”可知, 在中国地质大学逸夫博物馆可以看到恐龙化石。故选B。7. When can you go to China Academy Museum at Hunan University? A. On Tuesday 6: 00 pm in winter. B. On Saturday 8: 00 am in winter. C. On Sunday 6: 30 pm in
23、 summer. D. On Wednesday 8: 00 am in summer. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由China Academy Museum at Hunan University部分“Opening hours: Monday to Sunday, 8: 00 am6: 30 pm in summer and 8: 30 am6: 00 pm in winter”可知, 选项D符合题意。. 语法填空Last week, we visited the world famous Terracotta Army(兵马俑)Museum in Xian. The entire Pit
24、 1 is enclosed within a grand structure, 1. _ protects the site from weather. What lay in front of us was the awesome view of terracotta warriors and horses. Each of these figures was handmade, lifelike and having different 2. _ (face) expressions and postures. As we walked down the side, we realize
25、d that the entire pit is still not 3. _ (complete) excavated (发掘). Many broken pieces of the terracotta warriors and horses still lay within the pits,4. _ (wait) to be restored in the future. All the 5. _ (explain) here have proper English translation, so it isnt difficult for international tourists
26、 6. _ (understand) different parts of the pit. 7. _ touring round Pit 1, we went on to Pit 2. Apart from warriors and horses, we can find war carriages and bronze weapons here. Theres 8. _ exhibition showing some of special discoveries. We could see the excavation work is still on-going. Pit 3 is a
27、lot smaller, but the terracotta figures here 9. _ (preserve)much better 10. _ (compare)to Pit 1 and 2, as the pit was not burned. 1. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中先行词a grand structure在从句中作主语, 所以应用which。2. 【解析】facial。考查形容词。形容词作定语修饰名词。3. 【解析】completely。考查副词。修饰动词所以应用副词。4. 【解析】waiting。考查非谓语动词。句子主语与wait是逻辑上的
28、主谓关系, 故用现在分词作状语。5. 【解析】explanations。考查名词。冠词后面跟名词, 作主语, 谓语动词是复数, 所以应用名词复数形式。6. 【解析】to understand。考查非谓语。固定句式It is + adj. + for sb. + to do意为“做某事对于某人来说是”。7. 【解析】After。考查介词。根据句意: 我们参观完Pit 1后参观Pit 2. 8. 【解析】an。考查冠词。exhibition为可数名词, 前面要加冠词。9. 【解析】are preserved。考查时态。根据前面时态可知此处应用一般现在时, 而且是被保存的更好, 所以应用are pr
29、eserved。10. 【解析】compared。考查非谓语动词。固定搭配compared to意为“与相比较而言”。. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。The other day, I was invited m
30、y friend Sams home for dinner. I felt a bit surprising when I saw Bill there. It was two month since we two had quarreled, so I was embarrassed and didnt know how to do. I sat down on the sofa but began to watch TV. Later Sam came to ask me to make up with Bill. Until then I realize that Sam had arr
31、anged the meeting on purpose. He went up to Bill and greeted him warmly, smiled at him. He looked very happily and talked with me excitedly. That night, we had a great fun together. 1. 【解析】第一句 invited 后面加to。句意: 我受邀请到我的朋友萨姆家吃晚饭。invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事, 为固定搭配。2. 【解析】第二句surprising改为surprised。surp
32、rising意为令人吃惊的, 修饰事物; surprised意为感到吃惊, 修饰人。3. 【解析】第三句month改为months。month为可数名词, 前面有数词two修饰, 故用复数形式。4. 【解析】第三句how改为what。句意: 我很尴尬, 不知道该怎么做。动词不定式to do后缺少宾语, 故用what。5. 【解析】第四句but改为and。句意: 我坐在沙发上, 开始看电视。由句意可知, 此处sat down与began to watch为并列谓语, 不存在转折关系。故用and。6. 【解析】第六句realize改为realized。由时间状语then可知, 此处应用一般过去时。
33、故填realized。7. 【解析】第七句He改为I。句意: 我走到比尔跟前, 热情地向他打招呼。结合上下文语境, 主语应该为第一人称I。8. 【解析】第七句smiled改为smiling。smile在句中作伴随状语, 且与主语之间存在主动关系, 故用现在分词形式。9. 【解析】第八句happily改为happy。句中look为系动词, 后接形容词作表语。10. 【解析】第九句去掉a。have fun为固定搭配, 意为“玩得高兴”; 其中fun为不可数名词, 前面不能用不定冠词a。. 书面表达(2020郑州模拟) 假如你是李华, 你的英国朋友Peter对中国的竹子非常好奇。请写一封电子邮件介绍
34、竹子。内容包括: 1. 竹子的外貌特点; 2. 竹子的作用; 3. 竹子的象征意义。注意: 1. 词数: 100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】Dear Peter, I am very glad to know that you are interested in bamboo. Now, I would like to introduce it to you. Bamboo is a kind of plant, which is hollow inside. It usually grows straight and thin, sometimes up t
35、o several meters with green leaves on it. Its tender young roots can be used as a kind of delicious food. People often use bamboo to build houses, or make desks, chairs and so on. Houses made of bamboo can be seen in some areas. Besides, bamboo can serve as food utensils, such as bamboo chopsticks. Bamboo is very popular in our country. Because of its characteristics, it is often seen as a symbol of youth, modesty and nobleness. Hoping my introduction can help you. Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua关闭Word文档返回原板块