1、【定义】连系动词是用来连接句子主语和表示该主语所处状态的成分的动词。最常用的连系动词是“to be (be/am/is/are/was/were/been)”,还有appear, seem, prove, keep, stay, remain, feel, smell, sound, taste, look, turn, go, fall, grow, get 和become等。【要点】连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,说明主语是什么或怎么样。连系动词不用被动语态,一般不用进行时,作非谓语动词时,也没
2、有被动形式。类型常见连系动词否定式特征和作用状态be直接在be动词后加not表示主语状态持续keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand用助动词 do;does;did帮助构成表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度表像seem, appear, look,“看起来像”的一种状况或态度感官feel, smell, sound, taste,表示存在或具有某种特征或状态变化become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run由一种情况或状态变成另一种情况或状态终止prove, turn out主语已终止某种特征或状态分类讲解:1. 状态系动
3、词通常表示主语的特征、状态和身份等。主要是be动词。主语不同,be的形式也不同,且有时态的变化。后面接形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、v-ing、过去分词及表语从句作表语。My father is an engineer. 我爸爸是工程师。 (is与an engineer一起说明主语的身份。)l 特别要注意由“be+过去分词”所构成的系表结构”与由“be+过去分词”所构成的被动语态的区别。前者侧重于表示主语的特征或所处的状态,通常没有由by引导的介词短语。后者侧重于强调主语是谓语动词所示动作的承受者,表示动作;句中可以用由by引导的介词短语。如:The door was closed.
4、(状态)The door was closed by me.(动作)l 还要注意由“be+ V-ing”所构成的系表结构与由“be+ V-ing”所构成的进行时态的区别。 前者侧重于说明主语具有的特征或存在的状态,也可说明主语是什么。后者侧重于强调主语正在做某事。如:My job is teaching English. (状态)Mr Wang is reading an evening paper now. (动作)2. 持续系动词表示主语继续或保持某种身份、特征或状态的系动词,后面接表示状态的形容词或名词。主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand等。
5、如:He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。3. 表像系动词表示判断的系动词有look, seem和appear。look 后接形容词,或look like后接名词,look as if 从句。 seem和appear后面接形容词、to be+名词或形容词、that-clause、不定式等。如:He looks tired. 他看起来很累。He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。4. 感官系动词表示人体感官的系动词有sound,taste,lo
6、ok,feel,smell等,后面接形容词;如:This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。5. 变化系动词6. 终止系动词表示主语已终止某种特征或状态,主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”,“变成”之意,如:The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)特别注意1系动词的固定搭配常见的有come true, fall as
7、leep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild, wear thin等。2某些动词既可以做系动词,又可以做实意动词l The newly-invented soft drinking tastes quite unique.(这种新研制的软饮料尝起来挺独特的。此句中,taste做系动词,不能使用进行时,后面接形容词。)l The chef is tasting the fish carefully.(厨师长正在品尝这道鱼。此句中,taste做实意动词,可以使用进行时,并且后面接副词做状语。) 【巩固练习】从所给的连系动词中选出合适的填空,注意用其正确形
8、式:turn prove remain taste grow sound go fall taste stay seem1. The cakes, which came to the market last week, _ good, are well received.2. I wish all my friends could _ healthy and young forever.3. He _ ill soon after he came back from Australia.4. Havent seen you for ages. Youve _ much taller.5. If
9、 you always eat fast food, vegetables may not _ delicious to you.6. Little of the original architecture _ after the fire.7. His theory later _ true.8. The boy will _ mad if his mother doesnt allow him to play computer games.9. He devoted all his spare time to writing and later _ writer.10. Now it _
10、very common for families to spend a lot of time apart.【答案解析】1. tasting 尝起来,感官动词不用被动。 2. stay 保持健康和年轻 3. fell 生病 4. grown 长高 5. taste 尝起来 6. remains 剩下7. proved 证明是8. go 变(疯、馊等)9. turned 成为,后接名词不加冠词。10. seems 好像【高考连接】【答案解析】1. C 连系动词的五种感官动词sound, taste, feel, look和smell不用于被动语态中。2. B连系动词后接不定式的被动结构。3. B ing表示主动。4. 增添岁数,用turn。 版权所有:高考资源网()版权所有:高考资源网()