1、Section_Grammar 定语从句()语法图解探究发现1The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 2It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. 3He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. 4The school where I studied for only two years was thr
2、ee kilometres away. 5However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.6The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. 7.until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 8.we were put into a position in which we had either t
3、o accept we were less important, or fight the government.我的发现(1)关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语(句1、5、6)；关系副词where_在定语从句中作地点状语(句4、7)。 (2)在“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句中，which用于指代物(句3、8)；whom用于指代人(句2)。 一、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的指代及功能关系副词先行词功能 when表示时间的名词时间状语 where表示地点的名词地点状语 why reason原因状语 1.关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中
4、作时间状语。I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。2关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。Id like to live in the house where there is plenty of sunshine.我喜欢
5、住在那个阳光充足的房子里。Finally, we got to a factory, where many mobile phones of high quality were produced.最后，我们来到一家工厂，在那里许多高质量的手机被生产出来。3关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。 Can you explain the reason(for which) why you dont help him? 你能解释一下为什么不帮助他的理由吗？Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to hi
6、s birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？名师点津表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你
7、还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why)即时演练1对比填空：that, which, when, where, whyI will
8、never forget the days that/which we spent together.I will never forget the days when we stayed together.The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not sound.The reason why he was late was that he missed his train.Keep the book in a place where you can find it easily.This is the house whic
9、h/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.二、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。选用介词的依据：1根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for“因而出名”)2根据
10、先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。This is the camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera“用照相机”)The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(in the boss company)3根据句子的意思来选择。The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.这种无色的、离了它我
11、们就无法生存的气体是氧气。4表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。I have about 10 books, half of which were written by Mo Yan.我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。名师点津在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after, look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)The babies after whom the nurses are lookin
12、g are very healthy.(误)即时演练2关系词或介词填空Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series.The girl to whom you talked just now is our English teacher.The day will come on which we will win the final victory.The woman with whom you shook hands just now is head of our compan
13、y.The death of his son was an experience from which he never fully recovered.单句语法填空1The reason why/for_which she changed her mind is quite clear.2The days when they travelled together meant a lot to him.3I saw a house, the windows of which were broken.4She has two sons, both of whom graduated from H
14、arvard University.5Nobody knows the reason for which she didnt attend the meeting.6We went through a period when communications were very difficult in the rural areas.7The children, all of whom had played the whole day long, were worn out.8We visited the car factory where my uncle once worked three
15、years ago.9This is the factory that/which I visited last year.10The old man has two sons, and both of them are lawyers.句型转换1The house has been pulled down.He lived in the house 10 years ago.The house where he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.2We settled down in a small village.In front of the
16、 village ran a winding river. We settled down in a small village in_front_of_which ran a winding river.3She has three sons.All of her sons are abroad now. She has three sons and all_of_them are abroad now.She has three sons, all_of_whom are abroad now.4There are sixty students in our class.Thirty of
17、 the students in our class are girls. There are sixty students in our class, thirty_of_whom are girls.5The school lies in the east of the town.He once studied in the school. The school where he once studied lies in the east of the town.6Do you remember the days？On those days we played together.Do yo
18、u remember the days when we played together?.补全句子1The reason why_he_could_not_go_there was that he was ill in bed.他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。2We are living in an age when_many_things_are_done on computer.我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑上做的时代。3After graduation he returned to the small town where/in_which_he_grew_up.毕业以后，他回到那个他长
19、大的小镇上。4I dont like the way (that/in_which)_you_speak_to_your_parents.我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。5The house which_was_destroyed in the terrible fire has been repaired.那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被重新修好了。6Ill never forget the days when_I_worked_together_with_you.我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。7We made a survey among the students, 78%_of_whom_vote Lee their monitor.我们在学生中进行了一次调查，78%的学生投票支持Lee来当班长。8He is one of my old schoolmates, who_I_came_across the other day in the street.他是我的一个老同学，我前几天在街上偶然遇见了(come across)他。