1、人与环境、人与动植物.阅读理解AMost of the sandstorms that had swept China last year came from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification (荒漠化) control said on Monday. And the invasions (入侵) could partly explain the frequent sandstorms in the country in recent years despite its achievements in d
2、esertification control.Since the start of last spring, the north and northwestern Chinese regions had been hit by 17 sandstorms, of which, a dozen came from foreign land.Situated in the centralAsia sandstorm region, one of the worlds four largest sandstorm sources, China also suffers from sandstorms
3、 from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to northeast Asia. The other three major sources are in Africa, North America and Australia.The land suffering from desertification has been decreasing by 7,585 square kilometres annually in China, and the area of sandy land has also been
4、 falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year.The shrinkage (收缩) forms a clear contrast to the fact that the land suffering from desertification and sandy feature was added by 10,400 square kilometres and 3,436 square kilometres late last century, respectively.Currently, the desertification land in Chi
5、na makes up 2.64 million square kilometres, accounting for 27.46 percent of the nations land, and its sandy land totals 1.74 million square kilometres, accounting for 18.1 percent of the countrys total. 1What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 4?AGoing down.BGoing up.CComing fro
6、m. DTaking up.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句中的“has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year”可知，该词的意思是“减少”，故选A项。2Where do most of the sandstorms in China come from?AThe northwestern Chinese regions.BThe northern Chinese regions.CThe western part of China.DForeign countries.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，去年袭击
7、中国的沙尘暴大部分来自外国，故选D项。3Which of the following is believed to be the sand source to northeast Asia?AMongolia. BAfrica.CChina. DAustralia.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“China also suffers from sandstorms . sand source to northeast Asia”可知，中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地，故选C项。4What can we infer from this passage?AThe land in Chin
8、a suffering from desertification has been increasing greatly.BChina has made achievements in its own desertification control.CThe desertification land makes up nearly half of Chinas territory.DLittle progress has been made in controlling desertification in China.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段可知，遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7 585
9、平方千米，由此沙地的区域每年减少1 284平方千米，由此可推知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故选B项。B(2021六安高三检测)Several years ago climate change was a controversial subject with many people insisting it didnt exist. Today, few people doubt that the climate is changing in uncomfortable and dangerous ways.For me, living on an island off the west coast
10、of Canada, climate change didnt directly affect me. That changed this summer. There are always a few wildfires in the forests of Canada in summer but this year has been exceptionally bad as weve had, for practical purposes, no rain at all. Then the fires started and many families have lost their hom
11、es to the flames. In early August we woke up one day to a heavy smoke from the mainland. It was dark for several days. By September, again the sun has been blocked by smoke, this time from Washington and Oregon in the United States. The smoke has covered us for about a week. In the more than twenty
12、years weve never before had this happen. Now weve been blanketed by smoke twice in one summer. The change in our climate is clear and it doesnt bode (预兆) well. Already our seaside town is putting regulations in place and making plans to deal with a rise in sea level. However, if the sea level comes
13、up more than a few meters we could have big problems.I dont pretend to understand all the causes of climate change or the best ways of fixing it if, indeed, it can be fixed. It is, however, becoming increasingly noticeable. Last night we were supposed to be able to see the Northern Lights but the sm
14、oke prevented that. But theres some good news. I have just noticed that for the first time in months it is raining.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述自身经历，阐述了气候变化越来越严重，已经影响到了人们的生活和家园。5When did the author begin to be affected by climate change？A.After the smoky days.BIn August this summer.COn arriving at the island
15、. DWhen the first fire broke out.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In early August . a week.”可知，今年夏天的八月，作者开始被气候变化所影响。故选B。6What did the seaside town do with climate change?AIt found the causes. BIt solved the problems.CIt made a prediction. DIt took some measures.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Already our seaside town .sea lev
16、el.”可知，这个海滨小镇应对气候变化采取了许多措施。故选D。7Whats the good news the author mentioned in the last paragraph?AThe coming of the rain.BSeeing the Northern Lights.CThe best way to fix the weather.DThe appearance of heavy smoke.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But theres some good news . is raining.”可知，好消息是数月来第一次作者注意到要下雨了。故选A。8W
17、hat is the best title for the passage?ACauses of Climate ChangeBClimate Change Hits HomeCGlobal Warming Is Less SeriousDWays to Deal with the Rising Sea Level解析：选B标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，今天，几乎没有人怀疑气候正在以麻烦的和危险的方式改变，第二段作者讲述自己居住的小镇也受到气候变化的影响，第三段讲述了小镇应对气候变化采取了一些措施，最后一段作者阐述了气候变化越来越令人瞩目。因此推断文章主要讲述了气候变化已经影响到家园，故B项为本
18、文最佳标题。故选B。.阅读七选五Floods are one of the most common disasters in the US. Some floods develop slowly. But flash floods can develop quickly, sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain._1_It carries rocks and can sweep away most things in its path.If a flood is likely in your area, you
19、 should：Listen to the radio or watch television for information. If there is any possibility of a flash flood, move at once to higher ground._2_If you have time to prepare, you should：Make your home safe by bringing in outdoor furniture. Move necessary items to an upper floor._3_Do not touch any ele
20、ctrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.If you have to leave your home right away, remember these tips：Do not walk through moving water._4_If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. Use a stick to check the ground in front of you._5_If floodwaters rise around you
21、r car, give up the car and move to higher ground if you can do so safely. Otherwise you and the car can be quickly swept away.ADo not drive into flooded areas.BDo not wait for instructions to move.C20cm depth of moving water can make you fall.DTurn off all pieces of electrical equipment.EFlash flood
22、s often have a dangerous wall of water.FMaybe you know floods, earthquakes, sandstorms, and so on.GDuring recent years, floods have caused billions of dollars in damage each year.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一。有些洪水发展缓慢。但是山洪会迅速发展，有时几分钟就会暴发，而且没有任何降雨的迹象。文章介绍了洪水到来时应该采取的一些措施。1选E根据语境可知，上文提到了山洪暴发，空后一句提到了山洪可以扫
23、除路上大部分东西，说明山洪具有危险性，本句属于过渡句，承上启下说明山洪的特性。E选项中Flash floods可对应上文中的flash floods以及后文中的代词it。故选E。2选B根据上文“Listen to the radio .ground.”可知，上文提到一有山洪暴发的可能，就要立即转移，即不能等着转移的指令。上文中的move at once可对应到B选项中的to move。故选B。3选D根据空后一句可知，如果你被淋湿或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。由此可知，后文提到了不要触摸任何电器，可推知本句应当是在说明对电器的处理方法。下文中的electrical equipment可对应到D选项中的electrical equipment。故选D。4选C根据空前一句可知，不要在流动的水中行走。故本句应当承接上文说明不要这么做的原因。上文中的moving water可对应到C选项中的moving water。故选C。5选A根据下文可知，如果你的车周围涨起了洪水，放弃你的车，在确保安全的情况下转移到更高的地方。否则你和车会很快被冲走。由此可知，本段主要说明是洪水暴发时，与开车相关的注意事项。且后文中car可对应到A选项中的drive。故选A。
