1、.重点单词1disappear vi.消失2adapt vi.适应，适合3evolve vi.进化，演变4fierce adj.凶猛的，残暴的5destruction n毁坏6generous adj.心地高尚的7unpredictable adj.变化莫测的8extinct adj.灭绝的9survive v幸免于难10climate n气候11symbol n象征12reputation n名誉，名声13identity n身份，特性14indicate vt.象征，暗示15positive adj.正面的16border n边境17fortune n运气，财富.重点短语1be relat
2、ed to 与有关2die out 灭绝3cut off 隔离，使隔绝；切断4throw light on 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事5come straight to the point 谈正题；开门见山6almost overnight 迅速地7go for 选择；适用于；努力获取8quite something 非同寻常9be connected to/with 与有关10according to 根据11due to 由于12plenty of 许多13make up 编造，弥补，构成1disappear vi.不见；消失The moon disappeared behind the clo
3、uds.月亮消失在云后面。Lisa watched until the train disappeared from view.莉萨一直看着火车从视线中消失。appear vi.出现disappear 是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。He disappeared (appear) in the crowd and I couldnt see him.2adapt v(使)适应；(使)适合；修改；改编；改写We quickly adapted to the cold weather.我们很快适应了寒冷的天气。He adapted himself to his new life a
4、fter he went to England.他去英国后，使自己适应了新生活。The boys adapted the old castle to a club.孩子们将这个古老的城堡改造成一个俱乐部。The author is going to adapt his play for television.作者准备把他的剧本改编成电视剧。adapt to sth.适应某事物adapt oneself to sth.使自己适应某事物adapt from 根据改编adaptation n改编；适应The two pandas adapted to the new place very soon.
5、This film was adapted from a story by Lu Xun.3generous adj.有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的He was generous to everybody.他对每个人都大方。Id like to thank Simon, whos been very generous with his time.我要感谢西蒙，他非常慷慨地投入了许多时间。熟词generate 生；发(电)词根gener 生生词generous gener(出生)ous：原义：“出身名门的”be generous generous 与修饰人的形容词 clever, stupid,
6、smart, foolish, kind 等用法一样，常与 of 一起构成不定式复合结构；而 difficult，necessary, important, possible 等表示事物特征的形容词则与 for 一起构成不定式复合结构。It is generous of you to lend me it.(You are generous to lend me it.)你把它借给了我，真是慷慨。Its difficult for you to do so.(不能说 You are difficult to do so.)这样做对你来说很难。Its generous of her to hel
7、p me.4reputation nU，C名誉；名声He has a good reputation as a doctor.作为医生他博得了好名声。He soon won a reputation as a firstclass cook.他很快就获得了一级厨师的荣誉。It is difficult to live up to ones reputation since man usually gets proud after winning it.要不负盛名很困难，因为人们往往在出名之后就会变得傲慢。have a reputation for/as 为/作为而有名气win (a) repu
8、tation 获得名誉live up to ones reputation 不负盛名；行为与声望相符He has a good reputation for helping the poor.5positive adj.正面的；积极的The teacher tried to make positive suggestions.老师努力提出正面的建议。Youve got to be more positive about your work.你必须更积极地对待自己的工作。negative adj.反面的；消极的Their criticism was not negative.他们的批评并不是负面
9、的。I think it also has some negative effects on our life.我觉得它对我们的生活也会产生一些消极影响。The bad weather has a negative effect on the growth of the crops.6identity nC，U身份；特性The police are trying to find out the identity of the man killed in the accident.警方正在设法查明事故中死者的身份。His driving license showed his identity.他
10、的驾驶执照表明了他的身份。He has no sense of his own identity.他缺乏自我意识。identity 的根义是“与的同一性”，可由其根义记忆其多义：(a)He had lost his identity card.他遗失了身份证。与他本身(如姓名、年龄、职业等)同一的卡他的身份证(b)She was asked to fill in a form about the identity of her lost bag.她被要求填表写明她遗失的提包的特点。与她的提包(如颜色、大小等)的同一性她的提包的特点identify v使等同于；鉴别出I cant identif
11、y (identity) the man in the picture.7fortune nU，C运气；命运；财富I had the good fortune to work with a brilliant head of department.我有幸与一位出色的部门主管共事。He had his fortune told.他请人替他算过命。Many people went to cities to make their fortunes.为了发财，很多人都去了城里。He went to New York to seek his fortune.他前往纽约寻找财运。make ones/a f
12、ortune 赚钱；发财seek ones fortune 寻找致富之路fortunate adj.幸运的；吉祥的Hes fortunate in having a good job, since business is bad nowadays.他有一份好工作真幸运，因为近来生意不好做。Fortunately (fortunate) for him, he passed the exam.After graduation, he went to Japan to_try (try) his fortune.8indicate 表明；暗示；象征He indicated his willingn
13、ess with a nod of his head.他点头表示愿意。Dreams can help indicate your true feelings.梦能代表你的真实情感。indication n表明；象征；暗示indicative adj.指示的；暗示的indicator n指示信号；标志；迹象There appeared a rainbow, indicating (indicate) fine weather the next day.1Every year thousands of people leave their homeland to seek their fortun
14、e abroad.解析：句意：每年都有成千上万的人离开他们的祖国到国外去寻找财运。seek ones fortune “寻找致富之路”，为固定搭配。2He made a/his fortune by selling his house in Beijing.解析：句意：卖掉北京的房子，他赚了一大笔钱。make a/ones fortune “赚钱；发财”。3Though the situation is rather serious, the leaders are still positive about global economy.解析：句意：虽然形势相当严峻，但是领导者们仍对全球经济持
15、乐观态度。由 though 引导的让步状语从句和前半句中的 serious 可知，用positive “正面的；积极的”。4We have been living a hard life. Therefore, we need to take positive measures to improve the situation of families in poverty.解析：句意：我们一直过着艰难的生活，因此，我们应该采取积极的措施，改善贫困家庭的状况。positive “正面的；积极的”。5The police are looking into the identity (identif
16、y) of the dead man.解析：句意：警察正在调查死者的身份。identity “身份；特性”。6Bill Gates is so generous (generously) that he gave away most of his money to the charity when he retired.解析：句意：比尔盖茨非常慷慨，他退休时，把自己的大部分钱都捐给了慈善事业。generous “慷慨的；大方的”。7Philips was very generous to others with money.解析：句意：菲利普斯在金钱上对别人很慷慨。be generous to
17、 sb.with sth.意为“在某方面对某人慷慨大方”，为固定搭配。8Because of a good academic reputation and a long history, Oxford University attracts many students from other countries every year.解析：句意：因为良好的学术声誉及悠久的历史，牛津大学每年吸引很多来自其他国家的学生。reputation “名誉；名声”。9My wallet has disappeared (disappear) from the table. Have you seen it?
18、解析：句意：我放在桌子上的钱包不见了，你看到了吗？disappear “不见；消失”。10The sun rises, and the snow will disappear soon.解析：句意：太阳升起来，雪不久就会消失。disappear “不见；消失”。11To her parents delight, she adapted (adapt) herself to campus life a month after entering college.解析：句意：令她父母高兴的是，她进大学一个月后就适应了校园生活。adapt “(使)适应”，adapt oneself to sth.“使
19、自己适应”。12The children have adapted well to the life in the country.解析：句意：孩子们对乡间的生活适应得很好。adapt “适应”，通常与介词 to 连用。13The dark clouds are gathering，indicating (indicate) its going to rain soon.解析：indicate 预示，用现在分词作伴随状语。句意：乌云在聚集，这意味着马上要下雨。1die out 灭绝；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失；熄灭These animals have already died out.这些动物已
20、经灭绝。Many old customs in this country are dying out.这个国家的许多旧习俗正在日渐消失。The fire died out in half an hour.半小时后火就熄灭了。die away 减弱；淡化die down 变弱；平息；消失die off 相继死去The sound of their laughter died away.We must do something to prevent some rare animals from dying out.It was cold in the room, because the fire
21、was dying down.2throw light on/upon 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事Recent research has thrown light on the cause of the disease.最近的研究帮助人们弄清楚了这种疾病的起因。The modern scientific development has thrown light on this question.现代科学的发展已使这个问题明朗化。The information throws light upon the mystery of Dr Bake.这个信息可以解开贝克医生之谜。The report thre
22、w light on/upon the cause of the explosion.3come straight to the point 谈正题；开门见山Ill come straight to the pointwe need more money.我就直说吧我们需要更多的钱。Im in a hurry, so come straight to the point.我赶时间，直截了当地说出来吧。to the point 切题；中肯off the point 离题There is no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义。Whats the point of doing
23、sth.?做某事的意义是什么？Thats the point.那才是问题所在。be on the point of doing.when.正在做这时候There is little time left for you, so youd better come straight to the point.There is no point in talking with him, for he wont listen to you.Whats the point of helping those who are not working hard?4due to 由于；因造成Her success
24、 is due to her hard work.她的成功归因于她的勤奋。The failure of the new plan was due to bad management.新计划的失败是由于管理不善。Most of the problems were due to human error.多数问题都是人为错误造成的。due to 不可位于句首，如果须放在句首表示原因，要用 because of 或 owing to 来代替。Some areas, due to their bad climates, are impossible for people to live in.5cut
25、off 切掉；剪掉；切断；中断；隔绝She is going to cut off her long hair.她打算剪掉长发。They cut off the electricity today.他们今天把电停了。The floods have cut off our supplies.洪水切断了我们的供应。We were cut off half way through the conversation.我们正谈到一半，电话线路中断了。We have cut off the enemys retreat.我们已切断了敌人的退路。 cut off，cut down，cut in 与 cut
26、up 这四个短语的区别在于意思。cut off 意为“隔绝；砍去”；cut down 意为“砍倒；削减”；cut in 意为“插嘴”；cut up 意为“切碎”。She closed the window and cut noise off.她关上窗子，隔断了噪音。She feels very cut off living in the country.她感到生活在乡间很闭塞。In the past many trees were cut down in our area，and good farmland turned into desert.在过去我们这里砍倒了许多树，许多良田变成了沙漠。
27、During the speech a listener kept cutting in.在演讲中一个听众不断地插嘴。He cut the piece of meat up and began to eat.他把肉切碎开始吃起来。The water supply was cut off due to the snowstorm.6be related to 和有关系/联系This fact is related to that one.这个事实与那个事实是互相联系的。The Dutch language is closely related to German.荷兰语同德语有着密切的关系。Sh
28、e says that she is related to the royal family.她说她与王室有亲戚关系。relate to 理解；认同；欣赏；涉及；与有关Some adults cant relate to their children.有些成年人不理解他们孩子的想法。I cant relate to that kind of dance.我可欣赏不了那种舞蹈。Does the new law relate only to marriage?新法规是否只涉及婚姻问题？This paragraph relates to the international situation.这一段
29、与国际形势有关。relate.to 把与联系起来I cant relate what he does to what he says.我没法把他所做的和所说的联系起来。We must relate the result to the cause.我们必须把结果与原因联系起来。She is related to this incident.7go for 挑选，拿When you offer him sweets he always goes for the biggest one.当你给他糖果时，他常常拿最大的。go for 抨击，批评；喜欢，被某物吸引，有利于go for nothing 白
30、费，毫无用处The speaker went for his opponent.演讲者攻击对手。Do you go for modern music?你喜欢现代音乐吗？All my hard work went for nothing.我的一切努力都白费了。The fine weather went for the crops.1The accident was due to the carelessness of the workers.解析：句意：这次事故是由于工人们的粗心大意造成的。due to “由于；因造成”，表示原因。2Doras application to that unive
31、rsity was not accepted due to her poor English.解析：句意：由于朵拉的英语不好，她去那所大学的申请被拒绝了。due to “由于”。3Jack threw light on/upon his problem in maths, and I helped him out.解析：句意：杰克阐明了他在数学上的问题，我帮他解决了。throw light on/upon “阐明某事”，是固定搭配。4I want to tell you something, please get prepared.If youve got the news，come stra
32、ight to the point.I must leave in five minutes.解析：句意：“我想告诉你件事，请做好准备。”“如果你得到了消息，请直截了当地对我说。我5分钟之后就得离开。”come straight to the point “谈正题；开门见山”。5If we dont take measures, the Tibetan antelopes and pandas will die out some day just like dinosaur, which is terrible.解析：句意：如果我们不采取措施，藏羚羊和熊猫总有一天就会像恐龙那样灭绝，这太恐怖了
33、。die out “灭绝；逐渐消失”。6With the electricity cut off，our room was dark.解析：cut off 切断。句意：电被切断，我们的房间漆黑一片。7The people related (relate) to this case was questioned by the police.解析：related to 与有关的，在句中作定语。8Where is Mary?Shes just gone for a book.解析：句意：玛丽去哪儿了？她刚刚去拿一本书了。go for “去拿”。1The very first text in Engl
34、ish, the AngloSaxon poem Beowulf, tells the story of a Scandinavian hero, Beowulf, who fights and kills a dangerous dragon but is himself killed in the fight.第一部英语文学作品，盎格鲁撒克逊长诗贝奥武夫，讲述了一个斯堪的纳维亚英雄贝奥武夫与一条危险的恶龙搏斗并同归于尽的故事。句中 very 为形容词，一般与 the 连用，也可与其他相当于 the 的限定词如 my，your 等连用，起到加强语气的作用，意为“正是；就是；恰好；极其”等。Y
35、ou are the very man I am looking for.你正是我在寻找的人。It is the very bike I lost last year.这正是我去年丢失的自行车。在定语从句中，very 修饰指物的先行词时，定语从句的关系代词用 that，而不用 which。This is the very dictionary that is of great help.这就是那本很有用的词典。Its the very book that I am looking for.这正是我在找的书。This is the very man he wants to see.2Howeve
36、r，across the border in Wales，the red dragon which appears on the Welsh flag is a positive symbol，indicating strength and a sense of national identity.然而，越过威尔士边界，出现在威尔士旗帜上的红色的龙是积极的象征象征着力量和民族认同感。(1)在本句中，indicating strength and a sense of national identity 是现在分词短语作状语，对主语起补充说明的作用。The girl left the class
37、room，crying.那个女孩哭着离开了教室。He stayed up last night，preparing a long report for his manager.他昨天晚上熬夜给他的经理准备一篇长篇报告。He sat on the sofa, reading (read)3Why should the dragon have a different character in different parts of the world?为什么龙在世界各地竟然有不同的特点呢？should 是情态动词，在此处意为“竟然”，经常与 why，how，who 等词连用，表示感觉到意外或惊异。H
38、ow should I know?我怎么会知道呢？Why should you be so late today?你今天为什么这么晚？When I went out，whom should I meet but our old friend Mike!当我外出时，想不到竟然会碰见我们的老朋友迈克！Why should he think that?他怎么会那样想呢？should have done 表示原本应该做某事但事实上没有做。You should have told me the news earlier.你本应该早点把这个消息告诉我。We should have booked in ad
39、vance.我们本应该事先预定。shouldnt have done 表示本不应该做某事但事实上做了。You shouldnt have left the baby alone at home.你本不应该把婴儿单独留在家里。He shouldnt have treated his parents like that.他本不应该那样对待他的父母。If it should rain, I would stay at home.1This is the very room that I slept in that evening.解析：将先行词 the room 带入到从句中可看出其作 slept
40、in 的宾语，又由于 room 被形容词 very 修饰，因而定语从句的关系代词用 that，而不用which。2I couldnt_have_enjoyed (enjoy)myself moreit was a perfect day.解析：句意“我不可能玩得更快乐了，那真是太完美的一天了”，此处用形容词比较级表最高级，根据句意可知填 couldnt have enjoyed。3The sunlight is white and blinding, throwing (throw) hardedged shadows on the ground.解析：现在分词作伴随状语。句意：阳光明亮刺眼，
41、在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。.单词拼写1I had the good fortune (运气) to work with a brilliant head of department.2There is no clue to the identity (身份) of the thief.3If we continue to destroy the environment, more animals will become extinct (绝种的)4A red sky at night indicates (暗示) fine weather the following day.5Shes got
42、 a really positive (积极的) attitude to life.6The wolf is considered to be a fierce (凶猛的) animal.7The earthquake happened suddenly and caused many deaths and much destruction (破坏)8His approach won him a reputation (声誉) as a tough manager.9Its believed that humans evolved (进化) from apes.10Have you adapt
43、ed (适应) to your new workplace?.完成句子1Last night we saw a film adapted_from_a_novel_by_Mo_Yan (由莫言的一部小说改编的)2People havent found out the exact reason why_the_dinosaurs_died_out (恐龙灭绝了)3When the professor gives a lecture, he always comes_straight_to_the_point (直奔主题)4These books are_of_great_importance_to_him (对他来说很重要)5Thanks_to_your_timely_help (多亏你及时帮忙), we finished the work on time.