1、专题六 动词和动词短语 【高频考点解读】 动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面：1.动词的词义；2.动词搭配；3.动词短语；4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；5.常用动词的用法； 【热点题型】题型一 与不同介词(副词)搭配的动词例1、Our car broke down suddenly and the heavy rain _ our helplessness.Amade out Bled to Cturned out D
2、added to 例2、The boy was so careless that the glass fell from his hand and it _ on the floor.Abroke in Bbroke down Cbroke up Dbroke out 例3、The great damage which the destructive earthquake in Japan in March 11,2011 _ made a great many people homeless.Abrought in Bbrought aboutCbrought up Dbrought out
3、 例4、A wellwritten composition _ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.Acalls on Bcalls up Ccalls for Dcalls off 例5、If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.Acome across Bcare aboutClook for Dfocus upon 例6、The chairman asked me
4、 to _ the report，because he didnt want to speak for too long at this meeting.Acut out Bcut away Ccut off Dcut down 例7、Stop talking nonsense. Lets _ to doing our experiment.Aget in Bget off Cget down Dget across 例8、After hours of repeating，her patience finally _ .Agave out Bgave off Cgave up Dgave ba
5、ck 例9、There is no beer left and the bars are shut，so youll have to _.Ago out Bgo off Cgo without Dgo through 例10、Id _ that house for the time being；house prices are rising sharply at the moment.Ahold on to Bcome up toCgive in to Dlook up to 【提分秘籍】 1add短语add to 增加，增添add up 加起来 add up to 总计，共达3bring短语
6、bring about导致，引起bring down使倒下；降低(费用，开支，价格等)bring in引进；挣得bring on使发展，有助于生长；引起，导致(疾病，战争等)bring out使展现；阐明；出版bring up养育，培养；呕吐；提出(建议、论点等) 4call短语call for需要；邀请 call on 号召；访问call in召集；召来 call up召唤，召集；打电话call off取消5carry短语carry on继续，坚持 carry out执行，实施 carry off夺走，夺去的生命carry through帮助渡过(难关)；完成，实现6come短语come a
7、bout发生 come across偶遇come to共计；达到；苏醒 come true变为现实come up走上前；被提出 come up with提出come into being形成 come into use投入使用7cut短语cut down砍倒；削减；压缩 cut in插入；插嘴cut off隔绝；切断；停止(供应) cut out删除cut up切碎8die短语die away(声音、风、光线/情绪)逐渐消失die down(风、雨、光线)逐渐平息die of死于(疾病、衰老、饥饿等)die from死于(意外事故或不注意的原因)die out灭绝，绝种 die off相继死去
8、9get短语get about四处走动；传开 get across传达get away逃脱，设法离开 get down下来；记下get in收割 get off出发；下班get together聚会 get through接通；通过get down to开始认真干 get over克服get along/on with在进展；相处10give短语give up放弃 give in屈服give out用尽；分发 give away泄露；赠送；颁发give off发出 give back归还；使恢复11go短语go against违背；对不利 go ahead开始；进展；进行go after/fo
9、r追逐；追求 go without勉强维持；凑合go in for爱好；参加；从事 go through通过；经历go over复习；仔细审查 go by过去；经过12hold短语hold back隐瞒；控制(情感) hold out维持；抵抗；硬撑hold up使耽搁 hold on坚持；别挂(电话)hold together团结一致 hold on to保留；抓住不放13keep短语keep away(from)使远离 keep back扣除；隐瞒不讲keep off避开；不接近 keep on继续keep out挡在外边；(警示语)请勿靠近keep up保持；不低落；继续；持续keep
10、up with跟上14look短语look about/around/round环顾look after照顾；照看 look down upon看不起look forward to盼望 look into向里看；调查look on旁观 look out当心；找出；朝外看look over检查；查阅look through浏览；温习；看穿look up向上看；查阅；(形势)好转look up to尊敬(人，行为) 15make短语make up for补偿；弥补 make out辨认出make fun of取笑 make up ones mind下定决心make sense有道理(意义)，讲得通
11、make good/full use of.充分利用 make up编造；组成，构成；补齐；凑足16pick短语pick out挑出；区别出，分辨出pick up拿起，捡起；收拾；偶然获得，学会；接收(节目)；(开车)去接；(顺便)捎带；染上(疾病)；有起色；好转17put短语put aside把放在一边 put away把收好put down扑灭；平息 put forward提出put off延期；推诿 put out扑灭；生产put up挂起；张贴；搭起；为(某人)提供食宿put up with忍受；容忍19take短语take away拿走；带走；消除(病痛)take after(性格、
12、外貌)像 take down记下；放下；拆除take for granted认为理所当然take in吸收；收留，收养；理解，领会；欺骗take off起飞；脱下；休假；走红；(事业)腾飞take on呈现；雇用 take over接管；接任take to开始，喜欢；沉溺于take up拿起；从事；占据(时间或空间)；继续(被中断的事) 20turn短语turn down拒绝；调低 turn in上交turn out结果是；证明是 turn over移交；交给turn up出现；调高 turn off关掉turn on打开 turn away走开turn to求助于；翻到【举一反三】1. At
13、 the edge of the grass，theres a sign saying“_ the grass” Akeep up Bkeep away Ckeep off Dkeep back 2. The authorities will _ the case further before they can come to a conclusion about it.Alook out Blook upClook through Dlook into 3. I dont believe what he told us about meeting Yi Zhongtian.I think h
14、e was _ the story.Amaking up Btaking upCkeeping up Dbringing up 4. I can _ the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean.Acome up with Bput up withCturn to Dstick to 5. As the road to the airport is under reconstruction，wed better _ early to avoid the traffic jam.Apay off Bset off Cput off D
15、take off 6. She was tired and wanted to find a bench to sit on for a while，but they were all _.Agiven away Bkept awayCtaken up Dused up 7. Everything begins hard.Dont hesitate to _ me if you are in difficulty.Thank you，I will.Aturn out Bturn in Cturn to Dturn on 【热点题型】题型二 同一介词(副词)与不同的动词搭配 例11、The go
16、vernment has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.Atake down Bbring downChand down Dtear down 例12、You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.Arun out Bbreak out Cwork out Dput out 【提分秘籍】 1动词和about构成的短语think about 思考care about 关心；对有兴趣bring a
17、bout 引起；使发生 come about 发生hear about 听说 worry about 为担心2动词和away构成的短语throw away 扔掉 clear away 清除掉；消散die away 逐渐消失；减弱 wash away 冲走take away 拿走；使消失 put away 收拾起来；存起来3动词和down构成的短语break down 坏了；垮了；分解 turn down 调小；拒绝cut down 削减；砍倒 slow down 慢下来put down 记下；写下；镇压 tear down 拆毁；拆除4动词和for构成的短语wait for 等候 stand
18、for 代表，表示long for 渴望 care for 关心；喜欢search for 寻找 look for 寻找call for 需要，要求 hunt for 寻找apply for 申请 seek for 寻找5动词和in构成的短语give in 让步 hand in 上交bring in 引进；赚得；挣 drop in 拜访result in 导致 succeed in 在获得成功join in 参加6动词和of构成的短语think of 想到 dream of 梦到consist of由组成 approve of 赞成die of 死于 hear of 听说complain of
19、 抱怨7动词和on构成的短语depend on 依靠 rely on 依靠insist on 坚持 carry on 继续；进行keep/go on 继续 spendon 在上花(钱)put on 穿上；戴上；上演 feed on 以为生8动词和out构成的短语break out 爆发 point out 指出bring out 阐明，使表现出 carry out 执行；进行turn out 结果是；生产；培养 work out 算出；想出办法find out 查出；弄明白 try out 试用；试验look out 当心；提防9动词和over构成的短语think over 仔细考虑 go o
20、ver 审阅；检查；研究look over 翻阅；检查 get over 克服take over 接管；接替10动词和up构成的短语give up 放弃；停止；中止 build up 建立set up 架起；建立put up 搭起；安装；住宿；张贴pick up 拾起；学会；收听到 bring up 抚养；呕吐；提出tear up 撕碎 stay up 熬夜eat up 吃完 make up 构成；组成cut up 切碎 hold up 耽搁；使停顿【举一反三】We did have a quarrel about money last night，but now we have alread
21、y _.Ataken up Bmade upCput up Dbrought up 【热点题型】题型三 熟词新意例13、Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to _them too hard.Adraw Bstrike Crush Dpush 【提分秘籍】 动词的考查主要集中在动词词义和结构的掌握上，要求学生熟练掌握一些高频动词的词义和搭配。此外，从近几年新课标地区的试题情况来看，动词与动词短语的熟词新义在具体语境中的运用也应高度重视。acknowledge承认；就表示感谢； 告知收到(信件等); 对打招呼say 说；表
22、明；宣称，声明observe观察；注意到；遵守，奉行(法律、习俗、规章等)；纪念，庆祝save保留，保存(keep sth to use or enjoy in the future；节省，节约；挽救；储蓄cover 覆盖；涉及；包含；包括，涉及；论及；负担支付；够付(费用)；采访关于的新闻；报道(的新闻等)；走过(若干里)，走完(一段路程)。stand站、立；承受、忍受see的基本意思是“看见”，还有“设想、想象”(imagine)；“把看作”的意思。do的基本意思是“作”还有“行、可以、足够”(used for saying that sth is enough or is suitabl
23、e for a particular purpose )的意思。develop除了“发展”的意思之外，还有“患上(病)”，“养成习惯”之意。operate基本意思是“动手术”，还有“经营、管理”之意。employ除了“雇佣”外，还可表示“利用”；“ 把(时间、精力)用于，占据(时间、精力)”等。escape除了“逃走、逃脱”之意外，还可表示：“被遗忘、没被记住”(not remember)的意思。strike除了“打、敲击”之意外，还可表示“突然想起(到)、一下子想起”(a thought or an idea come into sbs mind suddenly)的意思，可用下面句型：It
24、 strikes sb that.It occurs to sb that.某人突然想起 。meet除了“会见”外，还有“满足(愿望、要求、需求等)”(satisfy)的意思。pick除了“摘；挑选”外，还有“扒窃、从某人的口袋里偷东西”(quietly steal something from someones pocket)的意思admit除了“承认”之意外，还可表示 “接收(某人入学)、准许加入(俱乐部、组织)”(allow sb to become a member of a club, a school or an organization)的意思。deliver除了“递送，传送”之
25、意外，还可表示 “讲课；发表(演说)”；“生孩子，为某人接生”之意。drive “驾车”；“迫使” suit “同(某人)相配”；“合的心意，对方便”(be convenient for)。【举一反三】The fact that she never apologized _a lot about what kind of person she is.Asays Btalks Cappears Ddeclares 【高考风向标】1.（2014安徽卷）26Terry, please your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you. A. look up
26、 from B. look into C. look back on D. look through2.（2014安徽卷）28When the sports hero at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.A. turned up B. left offC. moved on D. got away3.（2014安徽卷）34Shakespeares writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.A. failed B. stood C. taken D. cond
27、ucted4.（2014大纲卷）31. Caroline doesnt have a gift for music, but she _ it with hard work. A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with 5.（2014福建卷）25. It is widely acknowledged that students should be in terms of overall quality.A. supported B. matched C. evaluated D. controlle
28、d6.（2014福建卷）33. As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.A. catch sight of B. get hold of C. take charge of D. make mention of7.（2014湖北卷）23. Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but _ an
29、d went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.A. slipped B. skied C. signalled D. sank8.（2014湖北卷）24. The old rules have to be _ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.A. developed B. established C. observed D. revised 9.（2014湖北卷）2
30、5. Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I cant seem to _.A. get through B. get off C. get in D. get along 10.（2014湖北卷）26. Is this your necklace, Mary? I _ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.A. came across B. dealt with C. loo
31、ked after D. went for 11.（2014江苏卷）25. Top graduates from universities are by major companies.A. chasedB. registeredC. offeredD. compensated12.（2014江苏卷）30.Dad, I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see. Ill go right away and .A. pay him back B. pay him offC. put him awayD. put hi
32、m off13.（2014江苏卷）33. Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to the soul of Qu Yuan.A. rememberB. remindC. recoverD. recall14.（2014江西卷）27. Anyway , were here now ,so lets _some serious work.A. come up with B. get down to C. do away with D. live up to 15.（2014江西卷）29. I dont belie
33、ve what you said , but if you can prove it , you may be able to _me .A. convince B. inform C. guarantee D. refuse16.（2014陕西卷）18. Ralph W. Emerson would always _ new ideas that occurred to him.A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down17.（2014天津卷）9. My parents always _ great importance to my getti
34、ng a good education. A. have B. attach C. accept D. pay18.（2014天津卷）13. The two countries are going to meet to _ some barriers to trade between them.A. make up B. use up C. turn down D. break down19.（2014浙江卷 ）7. Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to _ the pain, believing that it
35、would go away sooner or later.A. share B. realize C. ignore D. cause20.（2014浙江卷 ）9. No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can _ when the unexpected will happen.A. prove B. imply C. demand D. predict21.（2014浙江卷 ）19. How could you _ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work
36、for months.A. turn off B. turn in C. turn down D. turn to22.（2014重庆卷 ）7. She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went _ the road.A.on B. along C.from D. off23.【2013新课标全国卷I】23Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may cause problems to your lungs.Acheck BallowCstop Dhelp24.【2013新课标全国
37、卷II】8The watch was very good，and he _ 20 percent down for it.Apaid BcostCbought Dspent25.【2013天津卷】2If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to _ a hand.Alend BshakeCwave Dwant26.【2013浙江卷】9When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to _ it with important points.Aconclude BleadCavoid D
38、hold27.【2013福建卷】24Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _ spending quite a lot of time with students.Aenjoys BinvolvesCpractices Dsuggests28.【2013江苏卷】23The town is so beautiful! I just love it.Me too.The character of the town is well _.Aqualified BpreservedCdecorated Dsimplified29.【201
39、3湖北卷】23While intelligent people can often_the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.Asacrifice BsubstituteCsimplify Dsurvive30.【2013湖北卷】24According to the law, all foreigners have to_with the local police within two weeks of arrival.Aassociate BdisputeCnegotiate Dregister31.【2013江西
40、卷】31She_the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.Aconnected BfittedCequipped Dmatched32.【2013浙江卷】17Bears _ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.Apack up Bbuild upCbring up Dtake up33.【2013新课标全国卷I】30At the last moment，Tom dec
41、ided to _ a new character to make the story seem more likely.Aput up Bput inCput on Dput off34.【2013新课标全国卷II】2Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight?Acome along Bcome offCcome across Dcome through35.【2013天津卷】8I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to _.Aget away Bdrop inCc
42、heck out Dhold on36.【2013福建卷】28Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters.Aturn down Bturn outCbreak down Dbreak out37.【2013辽宁卷】32Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires.Aget away Btake overCset off Drun out38.【2013江苏卷】29Team leaders must ensure that all members
43、_ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.Aget over Blook overCtake over Dcome over39.【2013湖北卷】26In much of the animal world, night is the time_for sleeppure and simple.Aset aside Bset downCset off Dset up40.【2013安徽卷】22Before you pay a visit to a place of inte
44、rest，look in your local library _ a book about it.Aon BatCfor Dto41.【2013安徽卷】26Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they _ on their life journey.Agive up Bsettle downCget through Dset off42.【2013江西卷】27Mother always complains that children_their sho
45、es very quickly.Afind out Bwash outCwear out Dset out43.【2013陕西卷】25My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has_.Acut out Bcut downCcut up Dcut off44.【2013湖北卷】 25Butterflies_a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.Acarry on Bfeed onCput on Dfocus on【
46、随堂巩固】 1Getting your students_in classroom activities is vitally important.Atrapped BdevotedCstuck Dinvolved2I will have to think about it again.If you_，you may lose the opportunity to compete altogether.Ahesitate BwonderCcontinue Dfail3 He will have to find some other work，for he cant_this loud nois
47、e any more.Acome up with Bput up withCmake up with Dkeep up with4It has been reported that some government leaders_their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.Aoverlook BemployCabandon Dabuse5New computers are soon out of date since newer models are_constantly.Aturned up Bturn
48、ed outCturned down Dturned over6He made a good preparation for the job interview，for he couldnt_losing the good opportunity.Aadmit BdelayCavoid Drisk7As the road to the airport is under reconstruction，wed better_ early to avoid the traffic jam.Apay off Bset offCput off Dtake off8Children who are ove
49、rprotected by their parents may become_Ahurt BspoiledCdamaged Dharmed9A good speaker is supposed to manage to_the listeners what he means.Amake sense to Bappeal toCattach to Dget across to10 All her hard work _in the end，and she finally passed the exam.Apaid back Bpaid offCbrought out Dbrought off11
50、Maria_the interviewers with her knowledge and experience，and as a result she was offered the job.Aprovided BinspiredCpersuaded Dimpressed13The two countries agreed to_their differences and work together for peace，which has a positive effect on the international situation.Aset down Bset outCset aside
51、 Dset about14She wanted to ask if he had news of Williams，but words_in her throat.Aburst BstuckCbroke Dsettled15Jack，this is the third time that you have been late this week.Sorry，sir，but I was_for 15 minutes on the way here in the traffic jam.Agive up Bput upCtaken up Dheld up16 A college is going
52、to_a students ability based on grades and then make the decision to admit or refuse an applicant.Aexperiment BparallelCassess Dobserve17If you cheat in the exam，you can hardly_it.Aput up with Bget away withCbreak away with Dcome up with18John cant concentrate on his studies recently.Yes，that might_w
53、hy he did so badly in the last exam.Aanswer for Bapply forCaccount for Dcall for19 The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to_your anger.Aput down Bhold backCkeep up Dcut off20 According to the Nobel Prize organization，Mo Yans work displays a mixture of fantasy and reality，_historical and social aspects.Aconducting BcombiningCconflicting Dconcluding