1、一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1characteristic n. 特征；特性2radium n. 镭3analyse vt. 分析4physician n. 医生；内科医师5outbreak n. 爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)6victim n. 受害者7enquiry n. 询问8neighbourhood n. 附近；邻近9pump n. 泵；抽水机vt. (用泵)抽(水)10firework n. 烟火(燃放)11chart n. 图表12enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的13spin vi.& vt. (使)旋转；纺(线或纱)14infect
2、vt. 感染；传染15deadly adj. 致命的16clue n. 线索；提示17germ n. 微生物；细菌.核心词汇写其形1defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n 失败2expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n 专家；行家3attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加4expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光5cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗6absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心7suspect vt. 认为；怀疑 n 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8foresee vt. 预见；预知9blame vt. 责备；谴责n 过失；责备10handle n 柄；把手 vt.
3、处理；操纵11link vt.& n 连接；联系12positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的.拓展词汇通其变1challenge n挑战 v向挑战challenging adj.挑战性的2cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的caution n小心；警告3pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution n污染4instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n说明；传授instructions pl.用法说明；指示；命令5conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束6contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿
4、contribution n贡献7reject vt.拒绝；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃8science n科学scientific adj.科学的scientist n科学家9announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告announcer n播音员；宣告者10certain adj.确实的；肯定的certainly adv.确定；肯定certainty n确信；确实11construct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物12responsible adj.有责任的；负责的responsibility n责任；负责13paint vt
5、.绘画；涂painter n画家；油漆匠painting n油画；水彩画14universe n宇宙；世界universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的universally adv.普遍地15move v移动；运动movement n移动；运动；动作1.后缀sion构成的抽象名词集锦conclusion结论；结束confusion 混乱expression 词语；表达方式revision 修正；复习permission 允许profession 职业；专业2.“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的doubtf
6、ul 怀疑的critical 批评的3.名词用作动词的高频词汇聚焦handle n把手vt.处理nurse n护士vt.护理face n脸vt.面对bridge n桥vt.沟通drink n饮料vt.喝；饮(二)重点短语记牢用活1put_forward 提出2draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3expose.to 使显露；暴露4be_determined_to_do_sth. 决定做某事5make_sense 讲得通；有意义6(be)_strict_with. 对严格的7be_to_blame 应受谴责/责备8look_into 调查9lead_to 导致；通向10slow_down
7、 慢下来11apart_from 除之外；此外12link.to. 将和联系起来1.“动词.to”短语荟萃expose.to使显露；暴露add.to 增添；增加compare.to 把比作devote.to 把专用于supply.to 提供给2.由link.to.联想到的connect.with.把和连接起来tie.to. 把拴到mix.with. 把和混合起来combine.with. 把和结合起来attach.to. 把系到/缚到(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：neither .nor .既不也不Neither_its_cause_nor_its_cure was under
8、stood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。句型2：every time引导时间状语从句So many thousands of terrified people died every_time_there_was_an_outbreak.所以每次暴发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。句型3：“only状语(从句)”位于句首，主句部分倒装Only_if_you_put_the_sun_there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。句型
9、4：with复合结构He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with_the_planets_going_round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1I attended(参加) Marys wedding last Saturday, where I ran into one of my university classmate
10、s.2(2018天津卷书面表达)For another, with the economic and scientific(科学的) development in China, you can find more job chances to promote your professional development.3As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to handle(处理) the problem.4If you have a(n) positive(积极的)
11、 attitude towards your work, you will feel happy.5(2019浙江卷6月)Experts(专家) say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.6He said he was enthusiastic(热情的) about Chinese and asked me to find him some books specially intended for Chinese beginners.7When he came back three hours late
12、r, they were still sitting on the sofa, absorbed(absorb) in conversation.8What a shame! Such a beautiful place was so seriously polluted(pollute).语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019江苏卷阅读A)There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events.有创造力的；创造性的2(201
13、9北京卷阅读C)Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers(欺诈者) can aim at victims precisely.受害者3(2018天津卷)The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.宇宙.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1It was concluded that he didnt tell us the truth
14、. I also came to the conclusion that he lied.(conclude)2I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save peoples lives.(science)3Well be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible).选词成篇be strict with; make great contributions t
15、o; apart from; put forward; be enthusiastic about; make sense; draw a conclusionDear Nicolaus Copernicus，As an astronomer, I 1.am_enthusiastic_about your new theory about the solar system 2.put_forward last month. The present theory doesnt 3.make_sense,_for we cannot 4.draw_a_conclusion that the ear
16、th is the centre of the universe.So I sincerely hope you can publish your new theory. As my favourite scientist, you have 5.made_great_contributions_to the world and 6.are_strict_with yourself. 7.Apart_from that, you neither worry about nor care about your social status or salaries.Yours，Li Hua.完成句子
17、1昆明是个美丽的地方，一年四季既不冷也不热。Kunming is a beautiful city, where its neither_too_hot_nor_too_cold all over the year.2(2017天津卷书面表达)我真的希望你每次来中国都能来天津。I do hope that you can pay a visit to Tianjin every_time_you_come_to_China3只有当你能够找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。Only when you can find peace in your heart will_you_kee
18、p_good_relationships with others.4这位科学家正在讲如何做那个实验，有很多学生围着他。The scientist is explaining how to do the experiment, with_many_students_surrounding_him concludevt.& vi. 推断出；结束；达成；缔结基础练习单句语法填空He concluded his speech with a famous saying “Where there is a will, there is a way.”He concluded from their rema
19、rks that they were not in favour of the plan.(2019全国卷) When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion(conclude), Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.能力提升一句多译我从我自己的经历中得出结论：“没有付出就没有收获。”I have_concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that “No pains, no gains.”I have_drawn_a_conclusion_from_my_o
20、wn_experiences_that “No pains, no gains.”(1)conclude .以结束conclude from 从中得出结论(2)arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 最后；总之佳句背诵 In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.总而言之，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。 attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理vi.专心；留意基础
21、练习单句语法填空(2019全国卷语法填空)On the last day of our weeklong stay, we were invited to_attend(attend) a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.(2019北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking
22、 about which college to_attend(attend)I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend to能力提升微写作(2019全国卷书面表达)我非常荣幸地邀请您参加6月5日下午2：00在我们学校礼堂举行的音乐节。 Im_greatly_honored_to_invite_you_to_attend_a_music_festival_to_be_held in our school hall on June 5 at 2：00 pm. (1)attend school/a m
23、eeting/a lecture/a wedding上学/参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼(2)attend (on/upon) sb.伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；倾听；专心于；照顾佳句背诵 Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture，Id like to invite you to attend the exhibition with me.知道您对中国文化感兴趣，我想邀请您与我一起参加展览。(2017全国卷书面表达)联想发散 “照顾某人”用法：attend_on/upon_sb.；look_after_sb.；t
24、ake_care_of_sb.；watch_over_sb. exposevt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临基础练习单句语法填空(2018天津卷书面表达)For one thing, when you come to China, you can be_exposed(expose) to the Chinese language and the Chinese culture.Being_exposed(expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)Children are exposed to diff
25、icult situations.They are better at handling challenging situations.(高级表达)Exposed_to_difficult_situations，children are better at handling challenging situations.(分词作状语)(1)expose.to.暴露给；使接触expose oneself to. 使自己暴露于(2)be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到佳句背诵 In order to expose international students to our tea cu
26、lture，we took them to the tea room in our school.为了让外国学生体验中国茶文化，我们把他们带到我们学校的品茶室。(2018北京卷书面表达) absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解；掌握一词多义写出下列句中absorb的含义Many of these farmers have been absorbed into the urban workforce over recent years.吞并After absorbing enough water，the plants grow well.吸收I keep the lesson simp
27、le because the students cant absorb that much.理解(北京卷)However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed.使专心能力提升一句多译汤姆工作很投入，因此他忘记告知我会议的时间了。(absorb)Tom was_absorbed_in_his_work,_so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.Absorbing_himself_in_his_work,_Tom forgot to inform me of
28、 the time of the meeting. (现在分词作状语)Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting. (过去分词作状语)(1)absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.into. 把吸收进(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be) absorbed in. 全神贯注于佳句背诵 A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he absorbed himself
29、 in his reading.一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他专心致志于读书中。名师点津 常用过去分词作状语的短语：be lost in.陷入；专心致志于be caught in. 被困在be buried in. 埋头于be devoted to. 致力于；专心于be occupied in. 忙于be involved in. 专注于 blamevt.责备；谴责；把归咎于n过失；责备基础练习单句语法填空(2018江苏卷书面表达)Its unwise for us to blame the increase of ratings on high consumption.It was
30、the professor rather than his assistant that was to_blame(blame) for what had happened in the lab. (2017全国卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.能力提升一句多译因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的崩溃负责，艾丽斯的情绪很低落。Alice was in low spirits because_she_was_blamed_for the breakdow
31、n of the school computer network. (状语从句)Blamed_for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (分词作状语)(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事而责备某人blame sth.on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上be to blame 应受责备；应负责任(2)bear/take the blame for.对负责put the blame for sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人佳句背诵 Instead of blaming each
32、 other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others place.我们应该多交流、换位思考而不是相互责怪。名师点津 be to blame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。 contributevi.& vt.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿一词多义写出下列句中contribute to的含义If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline. 投稿(2018江苏卷)No do
33、ubt the theater has contributed to the areas development and economic growth.促进，有助于Eating too much fat contributes to heart disease and causes high blood pressure. 导致能力提升微写作(2018北京卷书面表达)总之，我为自己对传播中国文化做出的巨大贡献感到自豪。In conclusion, I was proud of making_great_contributions_to_spreading_Chinese_culture(1)
34、contribute.to.把贡献给contribute to. 导致；向投稿；有助于(2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款；稿件make contributions/a contribution to. 对做出贡献佳句背诵 Doing small things well contributes to building up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。 put forward提出(建议)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向
35、前拨基础练习用put的相关短语填空They have put_forward the date of their wedding by one week. I think he is fit for the position; therefore, Ill put_forward Li Hua as a candidate.I can put_up_with the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.First he opened a shop and then he put_up a sign outside the sho
36、p to attract customers.能力提升一句多译他在会上提出了一个解决难题的好主意。He came_up_with_a_good_idea_to_solve the difficult problem at the meeting.He put_forward_a_good_idea_to_solve the difficult problem at the meeting.put aside节省；储蓄；储存put away 放好；积蓄put off 延期；推迟put out 熄灭；生产put up 举起；张贴；公布；挂起；建造put up with 忍受；容忍put down
37、写出；记下 佳句背诵 Before we carried out the plan, various ideas had been put forward by my classmates.在我们实施这项计划之前，同学们提出了不同的想法。(2017北京卷书面表达)联想发散 “想出，提出”短语：put_forward；come_up_with；bring_up make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通基础练习单句语法填空See, your computer has broken down again! It doesnt make sense to_buy(buy) the cheapest
38、brand of computer just to save a few dollars.In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly understand them at all.(高级表达)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly mak
39、e_sense_of them at all.(1)make sense of理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义(2)There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理。in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不 佳句背诵 She doesnt talk much, but what she says makes sense.她讲话不多，但言之有理。 neither.nor.既不也不(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它
40、的治疗方法。基础练习单句语法填空Last year, neither the experts nor the physician was(be) enthusiastic about the cure for the severe disease.Not you but the scientist is(be) to attend the ceremony to be held in our school.Either you or one of your students is(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.能力提升句式升级(普
41、通表达)The teacher is not content with the result. The students are not content with the result.(高级表达)Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_are_content_with_the_result.(1)neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either.or.不是就是not only.but also. 不仅而且not.but. 不是而是 佳句背诵 To be hone
42、st, I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him.说实话，我既不知道也不在乎他出了什么事。 every time引导时间状语从句(教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.所以每次暴发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。基础练习完成句子Every_time_I_see_this_picture(每次我看到这张照片时)，I look forward to the next Spring Festival very much
43、!Be careful! The machine starts the_moment/immediately_you_press_the_button(你一按按钮)He looked a bit nervous the_first_time_I_interviewed_him(第一次我采访他时)能力提升一句多译他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时就对他的课产生了兴趣。He became interested in the young teachers lesson the_first_time he attended his class.He became interested in the youn
44、g teachers lesson when he attended his class for_the_first_time(1)名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句：each time每当的时候the序数词time 第次the瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)next time 下次(2)有些副词引导状语从句时，如directly, instantly, immediately, constantly，意为“一就”。 佳句背诵 I think of the happy hours we spent together every time I see these photos
45、.每次看到这些照片，我会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。名师点津 (1)the first time表示“第一次时”，用作连词，引导时间状语从句；(2)for the first time表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2019天津卷书面表达)So it would be better if you could tell us something about their painting(paint) styles and skills.2(2018全国卷)Its more likely that none of us start a
46、 conversation because its awkward and challenging(challenge), or we think its annoying and unnecessary.3(2017全国卷)He said the lucky woman will be_announced(announce) on the website and the trip will be shared online.4Children, when exposed(expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the la
47、nguage much more easily.5Always read the instructions(instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.6To make students creative(create), teachers should encourage them to make full use of their imagination.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1Good family rules help build people
48、s character, which contribute a lot to a harmonious society.2We must be strict with our students while we should give them love and care as well.3Apart from the English class, I took an active part in English Corner and other afterclass English activities.4Although this medicine can cure you of your
49、 illness, it has a side effect on your heart.5Marie Curie made great contributions(contribute) to the development of science，but money and reputation made no sense to her.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1(全国卷阅读C)At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions.
50、 adj.专业的2(江苏卷阅读D)She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.n.失败3(江苏卷任务型阅读)Walking upright challenges the human bone structure，and limits the size of brains.vt.向挑战提能一语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)(一)Black was 1.severely(severe) ill because of 2.being_exposed(expose) to a deadly virus.
51、After all the attempts to cure him 3.of his disease, the experts announced that the virus 4.was_defeated(defeat) but he needed 5.to_be_attended(attend) to for a week before he fully recovered.It was said that mosquitoes carrying the virus were 6.to_blame(blame)(二)Li Pings English teacher is very str
52、ict 1.with her and he often encourages her to read some English articles every day, neither too long 2.nor too short.And in this way, Li Ping 3.has_absorbed(absorb) a lot from reading.Every time Li Ping attends the English speech contest, he always 4.instructs(instruction) her patiently.With the hel
53、p of her teacher, Li Ping has made rapid progress.When faced with difficulties and 5.challenges(challenge), she never gives up.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是某国际学校的学生李华，请你代表同学们给美籍校长Mr. Brown写一封信，劝说他修建校内游泳池。要点如下：游泳运动的必要性；场地：可用操场旁边的空地；经费：学生们愿设法募款。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)我们提出的建议是学校在操场旁边的空地建游泳池。(分词作宾补)The
54、_advice_we_put_forward is that the school should have_a_swimming_pool_constructed at the empty place beside the playground.我们从调查中推断出95%的学生支持这个建议。We conclude_from_the_survey_that 95 percent of our students support the advice.游泳是一种很好的促进健康和体质的锻炼形式。Swimming is a good form of exercise that contributes_to
55、_our_health_and_strength除此以外，每次一些学生在游泳池游泳，就会给其他人在操场上留出更多空间。Apart_from that, every_time some students swim in the pool, it makes_more_room_for_others in the playground areas.我们会为修建游泳池竭尽全力募款。We would try our best to collect money to help pay for the_construction_of_the_swimming_pool因为游泳池有利于大部分学生，所以修建游
56、泳池是有意义的。It_makes_sense_to_build_a_swimming_pool as it will benefit most students.2升级平淡句用分词作定语升级句Swimming_is_a_good_form_of_exercise_contributing_to_our_health_and_strength.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to begin with, finally, in conclusion)_One possible version：Dear Mr.Brown，On behalf of the students in our
57、school, Id like to present our advice. The advice we put forward is that the school should have a swimming pool constructed at the empty place beside the playground. We conclude from the survey that 95 percent of our students support the advice.To begin with, swimming is a good form of exercise cont
58、ributing to our health and strength. Apart from that, every time some students swim in the pool, it makes more room for others in the playground areas. Finally, we would try our best to collect money to help pay for the construction of the swimming pool.In conclusion, it makes sense to build a swimm
59、ing pool as it will benefit most students.Thank you for considering our request.Yours，Li Hua (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020台州高三模拟)Chloe Kim was one of Americas top Olympians in the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics in South Korea. The snowboarding champion, who grew up in California, competed there at 17 yea
60、rs of age. She became the youngest woman ever to win an Olympic gold medal in the halfpipe competition.She has recently won a halfpipe competition during the Winter X Games in Aspen, Colorado. But the 18yearold snowboarder has decided to trade some trips down the halfpipe for an Ivy League education
61、 after the world championship competition in Utah. Beginning in the next fall, Kim will be joining Princeton Universitys class. Instead of centering on the physics of her winning snowboard moves, she could now be learning the subject in school. In a recent interview, Kim said, “While I have a specia
62、l identity and my life has always been so different, I still aim to make my higher education experience as normal as possible.” Kim added, “Id love to be Chloe, the girl who sits next to me in the English class.”Kim received widespread attention during the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics. Her publicity
63、was fueled by her friendly, energetic nature as well as her interesting family story. Along her path to Olympic gold, Kim also became a social media star. She helped design a snowboarding Barbie doll in her likeness, rapped with hiphop artist GEazy and joined other sports stars to be honored with ES
64、PY Awards(年度卓越体育表现奖). While all of these are fun, Kim says she now looks forward to a new challengeearning a degree from one of Americas top universities. She says she considers her acceptance to Princeton just as much of an honor as earning an Olympic gold medal.She is still considering what her ex
65、act field of study will be at Princeton. But she says it will involve something sciencerelated, possibly chemistry or biology. She is attempting to work out a plan that will permit her to keep training while going to classes. Kim says her sports and educational goals go hand in hand. “Its all about
66、progressing the sports and also pushing myself，” she said. “To see what I can do, and how far I can go.”【解题导语】本文介绍了美国的冬奥会冠军克洛伊金在获得多次单板女子滑雪比赛冠军后，决定要像普通人一样投身于文化知识的学习中。1What can we learn according to the passage?AKims personality and family background help raise her publicity.BKim majors in physics in
67、Princeton University to improve her snowboard moves.CKim thinks being admitted to Princeton earns her more honors than being a sports star.DKim decides to give up the world championship competition in Utah.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her publicity was fueled by her friendly, energetic nature as well as her in
68、teresting family story.”可知，克洛伊金的友好、充满活力的性格以及她有趣的家庭故事为她赢得了大家的关注。故选A项。2What does Kim mean by saying “Id love to be Chloe, the girl who sits next to me in the English class.”？AShe tries to hide her identity as a snowboarding champion.BShe desires to live a normal life in her study experience.CShe deter
69、mines to forget all about her earlier sports life.DShe hopes the girl sitting by her is named Chloe as her.B解析：句意猜测题。根据第二段中的“While I have a special identity and my life has always been so different, I still aim to make my higher education experience as normal as possible.”可知，在克洛伊金看来，虽然她的身份和人生与众不同，但是
70、她仍然希望自己能像普通人一样接受高等教育。也就是说，她希望自己成为像旁边坐的女孩一样的普通学生。故选B项。3Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?ASnowboarding Champion Regains Popularity with Sports LoversBSnowboarding Champion Challenges Other Fields SuccessfullyCSnowboarding Champion Sets Sights on EducationDSnowboarding Champ
71、ion Cooperates with Princeton UniversityC解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段介绍了克洛伊金是奥运冠军以及她的成功经历；第二段中的“But the 18yearold snowboarder has decided to trade some trips down the halfpipe for an Ivy League education.”指出她想将自己的比赛之旅换成在常青藤大学受教育的机会。因此，本文讲述了克洛伊金在获得多次单板女子滑雪比赛冠军后，决定要像普通人一样投身于文化知识的学习中。故选C项。BJapan recently lowered its
72、 voting age from 20 to 18.This decision was in part to help young people feel more engaged in politics.But it may also signal the change of social views regarding the beginning of adulthood.Adulthood has traditionally been defined by a combination of age and the achievement of social milestones(里程碑)
73、Most countries have a legally defined age to determine when a person becomes an adultthe age of majority.In Australia, most states consider a person to be an adult in court at 18.The age of 18 is also consistent with other adult privileges, such as the right to purchase alcohol and to marry. However
74、, 17yearolds can serve in the army and get a drivers licence.The law defines adulthood on the basis of age and it also recognizes the process of becoming an adult as involving himself gradually in social responsibility.This legal approach to adulthood is mirrored in other countries, where there are
75、differences between the age of majority and social responsibility given to young people.Socially, determinants of adulthood traditionally focus on a person taking increasing responsibility for their lives in various ways.Completing school，taking fulltime employment, getting married and parenthoodthe
76、se are all observable indicators to determine when a person is viewed as an adult.Since the 1980s, however, people have achieved some of these observable milestones at later ages.Increased access to education has delayed young people leaving home and developing romantic relationships.Economic change
77、s have also resulted in unstable employment markets and increases in costs of living, prompting many young people to remain at home and dependent on parents.Due to these social changes, our expectations of young people and their level of social responsibility have also changed.The recognition of a n
78、ew life stageemerging(发展初期的) adulthoodhas been recommended to account for the changes to social milestones that have traditionally represented adulthood.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了由于教育机会的增加、经济上的变化等社会变化，年轻人进入成年人生阶段的时间推迟了。4What can we learn about adulthood from the text?APeople reach observable indicators mu
79、ch later.BAge alone is a reliable determinant of adulthood.CParticipation in politics is a responsibility for adulthood.DEconomic changes mainly shift peoples views on adulthood.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Japan recently lowered its voting age from 20 to 18.This decision was in part to help young people feel
80、 more engaged in politics.”可知，日本最近将投票年龄从20岁降至18岁，这一决定在某种程度上是为了帮助年轻人更好地参与政治；又根据本段第三句中的“it may also signal the change of social views regarding the beginning of adulthood”可推知，参与政治是成年人的责任，故C项正确。5What right can people enjoy at the age of 17 in most states of Australia?AVoting.BBuying wines.CGetting marr
81、ied. DDriving legally.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第五句“However, 17yearolds can serve in the army and get a drivers licence.”可知，在澳大利亚的大部分州，人们在17岁时可以服兵役和获得驾照，故D项正确。6What does the underlined word “prompting” in paragraph 4 probably mean?AEncouraging. BAdvising.CForbidding. DPersuading.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Econom
82、ic changes have also resulted in unstable employment markets and increases in costs of living, prompting many young people to remain at home and dependent on parents.”可知，经济上的变化也导致了不稳定的就业市场和生活成本的增加，这促使许多年轻人留在家里并依赖父母；据此可推知，A项“促进，助长”与画线词意思相近，故A项正确。7Whats the main idea of the text?AEmerging adulthood re
83、flects a new life stage.BAdulthood is defined differently in different places.CSocial changes are challenging the idea of adulthood.DAdulthood is a combination of rights and responsibilities.C解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章尾段第一句“Due to these social changes, our expectations of young people and their level of soc
84、ial responsibility have also changed.”为全文的主题句；又结合全文内容可知，本文主要论述了由于社会的变化，年轻人进入成年人生阶段的时间发生了变化，而人们关于“成年”这一概念的看法也发生了变化，故C项正确。【难句分析】Economic changes have also resulted in unstable employment markets and increases in costs of living, prompting many young people to remain at home and dependent on parents.分析
85、：该句是一个简单句，句中的“prompting many young people to remain at home and dependent on parents”为现在分词短语作结果状语；result in意为“导致，造成”。译文：经济上的变化也导致了不稳定的就业市场和生活成本的增加，这促使许多年轻人留在家里并依赖父母。.完形填空(2020湖州检测)It was New Year time. We were travelling in a van(小型货车) _1_ toys to the homeless. When we _2_ the spot, something caught
86、 my eye. Something or someone was moving in the rubbish. Soon I _3_ that it was the home of a poor family. There were two _4_， both about my age at the time, and a lady I supposed to be their mother. They sat there _5_As a little girl myself I was _6_ interested in the little girl. How _7_ our lives
87、 were. She lived for the day, _8_ through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach. I on the other hand was well looked after and never had to worry about _9_. I had a good education and thus a _10_ future. I looked at the little girl. The only _11_ she had was the wornout dress that she was we
88、aring.Seeing this little girl I made the decision to _12_ a doll that had belonged to me for a while. When the van came to a _13_， I stepped out, called the girl over and _14_ the doll in her hand. At first she looked at me with _15_ and wasnt certain what to do, but then she smiled and I saw _16_ i
89、n her eyes. I went back into the vehicle and we started to _17_ off, and thats when we realized the little girl was running _18_. We stopped again and opened the door. The girl had _19_ with us. She looked directly at me and said two _20_ wordsThank You.【解题导语】“我们”在新年期间，开车去为无家可归的人分发玩具：“我”远远地发现了一个小女孩，
90、她靠在垃圾中寻找食物为生，于是“我”走过去，将刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给了她，然后就离开了；“我们”发现那位女孩在追我们，“我们”停下了车，她向“我”说了句“谢谢”。1A.showing BrecommendingCdistributing DsellingC解析：根据下文“我”送给小女孩玩具娃娃可知，“我们”在新年期间给无家可归的人分发玩具。故选C。A项意为“展示”；B项意为“推荐”；C项意为“分发”；D项意为“出售”。2A.left BchangedCchose DapproachedD解析：根据下文中的“When the van came to a _， I stepped out”可知，当
91、“我们”接近目的地的时候，有东西引起了“我”的注意。故选D。3A.guaranteed BrealizedCdecided DacceptedB解析：根据空后的“it was the home of a poor family”并结合语境可知，“我”很快意识到那是一户贫困人家的家。故选B。A项意为“保证”；B项意为“意识到”；C项意为“决定”；D项意为“接受”。4A.boys BchildrenCdrivers DadultsB解析：根据下文中的“As a little girl myself”可知，当时那里有两个和“我”的年龄差不多的孩子，还有一位女士，可能是他们的母亲。故选B。5A.hap
92、pily BangrilyChopefully DhelplesslyD解析：根据下文中的“_ through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach”和“the wornout dress”可知，他们无助地坐在垃圾旁边。故选D。6A.still BlessCespecially DprobablyC解析：根据语境可知，作为一个小女孩，“我”尤其对那个小女孩感兴趣。故选C。7A.similar BdifferentCdifficult DordinaryB解析：根据下文中的“She lived for the day.to fill her
93、stomach”“I on the other hand was well looked after.a _ future.”可知，我们的生活差别很大。故选B。8A.searching BgettingCrunning DbreakingA解析：根据上文中的“Something or someone was moving in the rubbish.”可推知，当时那个小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找东西以填饱自己的肚子。故选A。9A.food BsafetyChealth DtransportA解析：根据上文可知，那个小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找食物，而“我”却得到了很好的照顾，从来不用担心食物。故选A。10A
94、.doubtful BdistantCpromising DforeseeableC解析：根据该空前的“I had a good education”可知，“我”接受了良好的教育，“我”也有一个有前途的未来。故选C。A项意为“怀疑的”；B项意为“遥远的”；C项意为“有前途的”；D项意为“可预知的”。11A.present BdecorationCrequirement DpossessionD解析：根据上文内容并结合语境可知，那个小女孩仅有的财产就是她身上穿的那件破旧的裙子。故选D。A项意为“礼物”；B项意为“装饰”；C项意为“要求”；D项意为“财产”。12A.give away Bgive
95、backChand out Dhand inA解析：根据下文中的“I stepped out.the doll in her hand”可知，看到这个小女孩，“我”决定把刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给她。故选A。A项意为“赠送”；B项意为“归还”；C项意为“分发”；D项意为“提交”。13A.station BstopCstreet DsignalB解析：根据上文可知，“我”决定把刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给那个小女孩，所以当车一停下来，“我”立刻下车，叫那个小女孩过来，然后将玩具娃娃放(placed)在她的手里。故选B。14A.tore BplacedCdropped DthrewB解析：参见上题解析。15
96、A.anger BpainCsurprise DdisappointmentC解析：根据空后的“and wasnt certain what to do”和语境可知，那个小女孩刚开始惊讶地看着“我”。故选C。16A.hope BlonelinessCanxiety DastonishmentA解析：根据上文可知，那个小女孩一家绝望地坐在垃圾旁边，并结合语境可知，“我”将玩具娃娃放在她手里，她对“我”微笑，“我”从小女孩的眼中看到了希望。故选A。A项意为“希望”；B项意为“孤独”；C项意为“焦虑”；D项意为“震惊”。17A.walk BgetClift DdriveD解析：根据下文中的“We s
97、topped again”可知，“我”回到车上，“我们”开车离开，那时“我们”才意识到，那个小女孩正在后面追赶“我们”。故选D。18A.behind BawayCout DinA解析：参见上题解析。19A.got along Bcome alongCcaught up Dturned upC解析：根据上文的“We stopped again and opened the door.”可知，小女孩追上了我们。故选C。get along with“与相处”；come along with“和在一起”；catch up with“追上，赶上”。20A.final BnewCkey DsimpleD解析：根据语境可知，小女孩直接看着“我”，说了两个简单的词Thank You。故选D。