1、Section Using Language.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1Many deserts(沙漠)are covered by sand.2I realized I had to get over the language barrier(障碍)3Pugh is the only person to have completed a long distance swimming in each of the four oceans(海洋)of the world.4The structure of the building surprised the experts a
2、ttending the meeting.5The high platform makes the tourists have a good view of the city.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1locate v位于located adj.位于的location n位置，场所；定位；外景(拍摄地)2organ n器官organise v组织organism n生物，有机体3sail v(乘船)航行sailor n水手；海员sailing n帆船运动；(乘帆船的)航行.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1be home to的家园/所在地2a number of 大量的3the
3、difference between the two 两者之间的差异4be located in 坐落于5share.with. 与某人分享某物6divide.into. 把分成7in harmony with 与相和谐8separate.from. 把和分离开9be famous for 因而出名.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1I would like to share my happiness with my close friends.2The watermelon was divided into several irregular parts.3The long river s
4、eparates my school from my home.4Human beings are getting to know how to live in harmony with nature.5The singer is famous for his appearance instead of his songs.6As we all know, China is home to giant pandas.7A number of students were flooding into the playground to have a meeting.8Our beautiful s
5、chool is located in the east of our city.9No one can tell the difference between the original and the copy.“出名”形式种种be famous for因而出名be famous as作为而出名be famous in在范围内出名be famous to对来说是出名的 population n人口；数量；全体居民； 特定(生物)种群；(物)布居；(教材P65)The population of the Zhuang people is the largest of the ethnic gr
6、oups in China.壮族人口是中国少数民族中最多的。(1)有人口(2)某国/某地的人口the population of地点(3)询问某国某地有多少人口(4)整体人口(the population of.)作主语时，谓语动词用单数；部分人口(表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”)作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Japan has a population of nearly 130 million.日本有近1.3亿人口。The population of Jiangsu has grown(grow)to more than twice what it was in 1949.现在江苏的人口已经
7、比1949年增长了两倍多。About seventy percent of the population in China are(be) farmers.中国70%的人口是农民。Do you know how large the population of your city is? 你知道你们市的人口是多少吗？温馨提示population可用large或small来修饰。 divide into把(划)分成(教材P65)The Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.中国的农历把一年分为24个节气。divide
8、.into.把分成divide.among/between 在之间分配divide.in half/two/halves 把分成两部分The man divided the food into halves and carefully placed one before his wife.这个男人把食物分成两份并小心翼翼地把一份放在妻子面前。After his death his property was divided(divide)among his children.他死后，他的财产就由他的孩子们平分。As is known to us, a year is divided into f
9、our seasons.众所周知，一年分为四个季节。(1)add to增加；增添(2)add up 把加起来(3)add up to 合计达(4)in addition 另外(5)in addition to 除之外明辨异同divide/separatedivide 常指把某个整体划分为若干部分，常与into搭配separate 表示“将与分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的个体分隔开来，常与from搭配 located adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的(教材P66)Located in the Coral Sea, the Great Barrier Reef is the biggest
10、 structure made by living organisms.大堡礁坐落于珊瑚海，是由活着的有机体组成的最大的结构。be located on/in/at.位于的；坐落在的locate v. 位于； 说出来源； 查找的地点； 确定的位置location n. 位置，场所； 定位； 外景(拍摄地)That is a small town located just(to the)south of Cleveland.那是一个地处克利夫兰以南的小城。Try to locate(located)exactly where the smells are entering the room.找找
11、看气味具体是从什么地方散入房间的。The location(located)has been changed at the last minute.在最后一刻改变了地点。定语从句(3)“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟阅读下列句子，并体会黑体部分的用法1.He likes the birthday gifts that his friends gave him.2.The girl who you have just seen is very good at English.3.I dont know the teacher whom I met in t
12、he computer room.4.Is this the play which you were talking about just now? 5.Daniel is the person whom I want to make friends with.6.The subject which Eric is interested in is Physics.7.This is the house(which/that) I used to live in.8.This is the house in which I used to live.9.Well go to hear the
13、famous singer(whom/that/who)we have often talked about.10.Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.1.例句1、例句2和例句3中关系词在从句中作动词的宾语。2.例句4、例句5和例句6关系词在从句中作介词的宾语。 3.例句7和例句9中，关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时。代指人时从句常可用that，who，whom引导，且可以省略掉。代指物时从句常可用that，which引导，且可以省略掉。4.例句8和例句10中，若介词放在关系代词前， 关系代词指人时
14、常用whom，不可用who，that。指物时用which，不能用that并且都不可以省略。 “介词关系代词”引导的定语从句此类从句是定语从句中一种介词前置句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前， 即演变出“介词关系代词”句型。一、基本构成 1“介词关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用 which(指物)或 whom(指人)，即： 介词which/whom。 The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.你同他说话的那个人是一位老师。The city in which she lives is
15、 far away.她居住的城市很遥远。The little girl is reading a book，in which there are many cartoons.小女孩正在读一本书，里面有很多卡通图片。名师点津当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。 2在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用 that/which(指物); that/who/whom(指人)作介词的宾语，且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。如： The man (who/whom/that)you spoke to is a teacher.你同他说话的那个人是一位老师。
16、The city(which/that)she lives in is far away.她居住的城市很遥远。名师点津通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如：look for, look after, pay attention to，take care of, look forward to，listen to 等。 This is the pen that/which you are looking for.这就是你要找的那支笔。The patient whom she is looking after is her f
17、ather.她正照顾着的病人是她父亲。The words that/which we should pay attention to are written on the blackboard.我们应该关注的话都写在了黑板上。There are fifty patients who/whom/that we must take good care of.有五十个我们必须好好照顾的病人。即时演练1判断正误 1The man with whom you talked is my friend.()2The man(who/that) you talked with is my friend.()3
18、The man with who/that you talked is my friend.()4The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.()5The plane in that we flew to Canada is very comfortable.()答案1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F二、关系副词 when，where，why 可用“介词which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词先行词。其中 when表时间的介词(如：in，at，during 等)which；where表地点的介词(如：in，at，on，under
19、 等)which；why表原因的介词(如：for)which (1)当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词 when 引导，此时也可选用表 示时间的介词which 来代替关系副词 when。 I still remember the day when I came here.( on the day when) 我依然记得我来这里的那一天。(2)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词 where 引导，此时也可选用表 示地点的介词which 来代替关系副词 where。 This is the house where I lived last year.
20、( in the house where) 这就是我去年住的那所房子。(3)当先行词为 reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词 why 引导，此时也可以用 for which 来代替关系副词 why。 There are many reasons why people like travelling.(for the reasons why) 人们喜欢旅游有很多原因。三、关系代词前介词选择三原则：一看先行词，二看动词，三看意义(重中之重) 1一看先行词，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。 I never forget the day on which I came
21、 to this school.我永远忘不了我来这所学校的那一天。2二看动词，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。 This is the iPad on which I spent 3，000 yuan.这就是我花了三千元买的iPad.3三看意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。 This is my pair of glasses，without which I cannot see clearly.这就是我的那副眼镜，没有它我看不清楚。即时演练2用“介词关系代词”的形式填空 1Do you like the book she learned a lot? 2He paid th
22、e boy $10 for washing ten windows, most hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.3The tower people can have a good view is on the hill.答案1.from which2.of which3.from which.用恰当的连接词填空1Mary lives in the room, the door of which opens east.2The engineer with whom my father is talking has just come from abr
23、oad.3He lives in a hotel，which is only five minutes walk from here.4Is there anything that I can do for you?5The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works that are known to us.6This is the reason why they are all against the plan.7It was not until late in the evening that the traveller
24、 found a hotel.8I didnt like the way that/in which she spoke to me.9This is what I can do for you right now.10It was at our college library that I borrowed the novel.单句改错1The children themselves were calm enough; it was the parents whom got into a panic.whomwho/that2It is many years that we met last in London.thatsince3Shell be on the same train which I am on today.whichas4Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of them has been proved.themwhich5Is there anyone in your class where family is in the city？wherewhose