1、Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的2chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链3dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解；解散4acid n. 酸5multiply vi.& vt. 乘；增加6gravity n. 万有引力；重力7extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的8exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽9satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星10spaceship n. 宇宙飞船第二组：写其形1atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛2solar
2、 adj. 太阳的；日光的3thus adv. 因此；于是4gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的5climate n. 气候6crash vi.& vt. 碰撞；坠落7pull n& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力8float vi.& vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物9system n. 系统；体系；制度10theory n. 学说；理论11physicist n. 物理学家(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1reaction n反应；回应react v反应2violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的violence n暴力violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地3unlike p
3、rep.与不同；不像like vt.喜欢prep.像n.爱好dislike vt.不喜欢；讨厌n.不喜欢的事物likely adj.可能的4harmful adj.有害的harm n& vt.伤害harmless adj.无害的5exist vi.存在；生存existence n存在；生存6puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题puzzled adj.感到困惑的puzzling adj.令人困惑的7religion n宗教；宗教信仰religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的8biology n生物学biologist n生物学家biological ad
4、j.生物的(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1in time 及时；终于2lay eggs 下蛋3give birth to 产生；分娩4in ones turn 轮到某人5watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防6cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋7depend on 依靠；取决于8break out 突发；爆发9prevent .from 阻止；制止10block out 挡住(光线)11get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解12now that 既然(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1动词itadj./n.to do悟原句This produced a chain reactio
5、n, which made it possible for life to develop.背佳句(2018全国卷书面表达) I think it a good idea to bring a small gift when we attend a dinner party.2倍数表达法：倍数as .as .悟原句But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.背佳句Li Ping devoted three times as much time
6、 and energy as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time.3形容词作伴随状语悟原句We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.背佳句After two hours volunteer work in the community, we came home, tired and hungry. 1.“推，拉”家族pull n& vt. 拉(力)；拖draw
7、vt.& vi. 拖，拉drag vt.& n 拖，拉，拽push v& n 推，推动(力)2.有关“太空”的高频词集锦gravity n 万有引力astronomy n. 天文学satellite n. 卫星spaceship n. 宇宙飞船orbit n. 轨道astronaut n. 宇航员universe n. 宇宙launch vt. 发射3.后缀ist名词集合biologist生物学家physicist 物理学家tourist 旅游者；游客scientist 科学家psychologist 心理学家violinist 小提琴家4.“动词out”短语荟萃block out挡住(光线)
8、break out 突发；爆发find out 查出；弄明白die out 灭绝put out 扑灭run out 用完let out 泄露come out 出版.用所给词的适当形式填空1I could feel the wind gently (gentle) blowing through my hair and it was a warm summer breeze.2Some believe in the existence (exist) of life on Mars, while others consider it as a myth.3Playing computer gam
9、es will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.(harm)4He often says that he doesnt believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others religious freedom.(religion)5Since my younger brother is fond
10、of biology, he is determined to become a biologist when he grows up.(biology)6As is known to us, everyone has his likes and dislikes.My little sister is fond of pop music.She is likely to become a famous pop singer in the future.(like)7Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more viole
11、nt.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens.(violent).介、副词填空1Last night, Mrs.Green had a heart attack.But luckily, the doctor came in time to save her life.2(2020浙江1月高考) “What should we do to cheer Poppy up？” asked Dad. “Weve tried everything.”3The COVID19 bro
12、ke out which has meant an abrupt change in our life and work.4Some understanding of grammar is fundamental to learning a language.5Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week in its turn.6Only by practising time and time again can you get the hang of the grammar rules.7She m
13、arried at 25 and gave birth to her first child shortly after.8She bought a heavy curtain to block out the light.9Do remember to watch out for your behavior when visiting others.10The driver lost control of the car on slippery road and crashed into a truck.选词填空1in turn/by turnsAll theories originate
14、from practice and in turn serve practice.The shop assistants had to have their days off by turns.2cheer up/cheer onThe audience stood up to cheer on their team.When the professor turned up on the stage, all the students cheered up.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1The present system of funding for higher education is u
15、nsatisfactory.体制2As we know, the economic climate remains uncertain.形势3She hadnt chained her dog up, so it got killed on the main road.用链条系住4We nearly exhausted our coal reserved for the winter, which worried me a lot.耗尽5The idea was first floated in a speech given by the president a few months ago.
16、提出6(2020浙江1月高考)The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of cheese last year！十亿7(2020江苏高考)Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. 理论8It is possible to multiply these
17、 bacteria in the laboratory.繁殖；增殖In maths class the children are already learning to multiply and divide.乘；乘以Our problems have multiplied since last year. 迅速增加.补全句子1曾经被认为不可能的事情，现在已经成为事实。(what引导主语从句)What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.2这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到一份好工作。(动词itadj./n.to
18、do)The girl knows three foreign languages, which makes it easier for her to find a good job.3李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。 (倍数as .as .)Li Mings mobile phone looked the same as Zhang Huas, but it cost twice as much as his.4长途旅行之后，我们三人回到了家，又饿又累。(形容词作伴随状语)After the long journey, the three of us went back ho
19、me, hungry and tired.1harmful adj.有害的单句语法填空(2020全国卷)These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful (harm) chemicals in groundwater.(2020天津5月高考)Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming (harm) th
20、e planet.These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, causing/doing serious harm to life and the environment.一句多译众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。What is known to us is that eating too much junk food is harmful to our health.(harmful)It is known to us that eating too much junk food does harm to
21、our health.(harm n)归纳法记牢(1)be harmful to sb./sth.对某人/某物有害 对某人有害 做某事没有坏处 2exist vi.存在；生存(1)exist in存在于之中exist on (live on) sth. 靠某物生存there exist(s) . 有；存在(2)existence n. 存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在(3)existing adj. 现存的；现行的演绎法练通单句语法填空Scientists have many theories about how the universe first ca
22、me into existence (exist)You cant imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he is earning.补全句子The parking place for bikes was an existing problem for a long time in our school.在我们学校，自行车的存放是一个长久以来就存在的问题。As is known to us, there exists a generation gap between the young and the old.众所周知，
23、年轻人和老年人之间存在代沟。名师指津 exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。3puzzle vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；(使)困惑n.谜；难题(1)puzzle about/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情(3)puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的；感到困惑的be puzzled about 对迷惑不解(4)puzzling adj. 令人困惑的演绎法练通单句语法填空When the little girl was asked such a puzzling question, she stood there
24、with a puzzled look on her face.(puzzle)She lost heart when she failed the exam, because her future was puzzling (puzzle)People have long puzzled over/about how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.补全句子(2017全国卷书面表达)You will be puzzled about their meanings if you dont learn about the background of the
25、se Tang poems.如果你不了解这些唐诗的写作背景，你可能会对它们的含义感到很困惑。名师指津puzzled, confused, frightened, excited, surprised等以ed结尾的形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到的”，通常修饰人；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile, feeling, appearance, cry, face (表情), voice, mood, look (表情), eye (眼神)等表示某人情感状况的名词。1in time及时；终于；迟早(1)in time for .刚好赶上in time to do sth. 及时做某事(2)in n
26、o time 立刻；马上at no time 决不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装)at one time 曾经；一度at the same time 同时at times 有时；偶尔from time to time 有时；偶尔演绎法练通单句语法填空(2016全国卷)At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be free from them.Luckily, I adapted to the new surroundings and everything returned to no
27、rmal in no time.We reached on the top of Mount Tai, just in time to enjoy (enjoy) the rising sun.句式升级In my view, you should at no time lose heart whenever you are in trouble.In my view, at no time should you lose heart whenever you are in trouble.(倒装句)补全句子As a proverb goes, “Where there is a will，th
28、ere is a way.” Our efforts will pay off in time.常言道，“有志者，事竟成”，我们的努力迟早会有所回报。名师指津(1)in time作“终于；迟早”讲时，常单独使用，作状语。(2)in time作“及时”讲时，后常跟for sth.或to do sth.(如句)。2in ones turn轮到某人；接着in turn依次；相应地；反过来by turns 轮流；交替地take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事It is ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事It turns/turned out that . 结果是演绎
29、法练通单句语法填空Now that we have finished the design, it is in their turn to construct.At the meeting they took turns to put (put) forward a number of suggestions aiming to promote the reform of education system.The two daughters looked after their sick mother by turns.补全句子People try to avoid public transp
30、ortation delays by using their own cars, which in turn creates more problems.人们试图使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这造成更多的问题。3cheer up (使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋单句语法填空Cheer Mary up, and things will work out for the best.(2016天津高考)Cathy didnt expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their
31、 accomplishments.补全句子I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely! 我真心希望她能振作起来，勇敢地接受生活的挑战！All her family and her friends come to the game and cheer for her. 她所有的家人和朋友都来参加这个比赛并为她欢呼。归纳法记牢cheer sb.up使某人振作起来cheer sb.on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油cheer for 为喝彩叫好/鼓劲加油 4make itadj./n.for sb. t
32、o do教材原句This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。用法规则(1)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find, feel等。注意事项在习惯用法中，hate, like, love, appreciate, enjoy, take, have后常先接it再接由if或when等引导的从句。针对训练单句语法填空(2018北京高考书面表达) I expl
33、ained every step of the process in detail, which made it possible for them to understand (understand) how to make tea.Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.I considered it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him about it.补全句子My English is just OK and the two main pro
34、blems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.我的英语还可以，我学习中的两个主要问题是我觉得用心学习单词很难，而且我经常在说英语的时候感到紧张。 5倍数表达法教材原句But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我
35、被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。用法规则倍数表达法的常见结构：倍数( . times)注意事项(1)表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词times”表达。(2)此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数，half等其他程度状语来表达。针对训练单句语法填空The red ruler is three times as long (long) as the yellow one.The red ruler is three times longer (long) than the yellow one.The red ruler is three ti
36、mes the length (long) of the yellow one.补全句子The population now in this village is five times what it was ten years ago.现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。(2018全国卷书面表达)Our new school stadium covers an area of about 400 square meters, which is three times the size of the old one. 我们学校的新体育馆占地面积约400平方米，是旧体育馆的三倍大。一、在考题集训中
37、查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020江苏高考)I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juans village.2(2020江苏高考)The health security systems (system) of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation.3(2020江苏高考)Success depends fundamentally (fundamental) on our view of ourselves and of
38、the events in our lives.4(2019北京高考) A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing (exist) relationships.5(2019北京高考)We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to pr
39、event scammers from getting through.6(2018全国卷)I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.He was shaking violently (violent)7(2017浙江6月高考)Her friends came to help her when the war broke out.8(2016浙江6月高考)If we know that gossip can be harmful (harm), then why do so many
40、of us do it?9(2016天津高考)I began to learn this when I had my car crashed (crash)10(2015浙江高考)If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to float (float) on the sea?11(2015四川高考)So one day, just to see what she would do, I gently (gentle) placed one on top of the groundhogs head.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2
41、020天津7月高考)The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.温柔的(2018北京高考)However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.暴力的词类活用(2017天津高考) They would define the drivers role in such cars and govern how such cars perfor
42、m in crashes where lives might be lost.n.撞车(2017江苏高考)His notforprofit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities.adj.漂浮的；流动的生词僻义(2020天津7月高考)Restaurants can offer a choice of mu
43、sic along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.氛围(2020全国卷) “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.提出(三)高考中的完形填空1(2020天津7月高考) He has recently made a significant discovery loneliness
44、is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 17 in a clever way.AexperiencedBsufferedCprevented Dfelt解析：选C根据上文可知，it指代孤独所造成的社会问题，再结合空后的“in a clever way”可知，应该选C项，表明这种情况是可以预防(prevented)的。2(2020浙江1月高考)I took advantage of my brief freedom to dash across the
45、 lawn (草坪) and hit a large maple tree .Mom always adds here that, as many times as I zoomed across the lawn after that, I never again 45 into that tree.Acrashed BbrokeCclimbed Dlooked解析：选A根据上文的“hit a large maple tree”“never again”和下文的“into that tree”可知，有了这次经历之后，作者再也没有撞到那棵树上。crash into sth.意为“撞上某物”。3
46、(2019江苏高考) However, the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species.With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 47 of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.This enabled Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.AcombinationBcollectionCs
47、trategy Dsystem解析：选A人工繁殖和自然繁殖是两种繁殖方式，此处指动物园饲养员把这两种方式成功地结合起来了，故选combination(结合，联合)。collection“收集”；strategy“策略”；system“系统”。4(2018全国卷)I still cant believe what a coincidence it was.Im just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.Aon board Bin timeCfor sure Don purpose解析：选B这里表示作者感慨自己及时出现在事故现场帮助了自己的儿子，因此选i
48、n time表示“及时”。on board “在(船、飞机、火车等)上”；for sure“确信”；on purpose“故意地”。5(2016天津高考) She coughed and choked and could hardly survive her first few weeks.Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all.But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit ready to go!Apull B
49、tellChide Dfire解析：选A 我想让女儿从游泳队中退出，也就是不想让她参加。pull sb.from/out of“从中退出”，符合语境。tell .from .“从区分”；hide .from .“隐藏”；fire“解雇”。6(2012福建高考)I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict.Im left 36 .Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other races?Ainterested
50、 BpleasedCpuzzled Dexcited解析：选C根据空后的作者的疑问“为什么这些人有那些不信任和问题呢？”可知作者感到非常困惑，选择puzzled。(四)高考中的写作1(2019浙江6月高考写作)现在父母过多地表扬他们的孩子，这对他们是有害的，会使他们变得不那么自信和快乐。(harmful)Nowadays, parents praise their kids too much, which is harmful to them and makes them grow less confident and happy.2(2018全国卷书面表达)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在
51、，我们的学校是十年前的三倍大。(倍数as .as)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school is three times as big as that ten years ago.3(2016江苏高考书面表达)虽然许多人对于网络投票的负面影响感到困惑，但是现在网络投票仍然受欢迎。(puzzled)While many people are puzzled at the negative side of the voting, Internet voting is quite popular n
52、owadays.二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇globeuniverse weightless technical invent contributescience theory satellite advance atmospherespacecraft climate watch out dream of face to facehave access to make a difference come into being with the development of 练中巩固.单词拼写1(2020全国卷)China has become the first country to lan
53、d a spacecraft (宇宙飞船) on the far side of the moon. 2(2020江苏高考)Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory (理论), should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel.3Mars has an insubstantial atmosphere (大气层), consisting
54、 almost entirely of carbon dioxide.4Scientists said that the signals were sent by satellite (卫星) link.5Founded by former Vice President Al Gore, were bringing the world together to solve the climate (气候) crisis and make a sustainable future a reality.6I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessl
55、y (失重地) around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth becoming smaller and the moon larger.单句语法填空1(2020全国卷)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific (science) research.2(2020天津5月高考)Charles Dickens contributes much to British literature.3(2020天津5月高考)While the
56、re has been real progress in the eplane industry, the technical (technique) challenges that remain are keeping everyones feet firmly on the ground.4(2020天津7月高考)Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.5(2020天津5月高考)For Parry, the reward is knowing he hopefully made a difference
57、 in a childs life, and except for his drawings on bandages, “they can go on and live their lives and never know I was in it，” he said.6(2020浙江7月高考)He looked irritated and charged at us again. I cried out, “Watch out！” We instantly stepped away and ran as fast as we could to the helicopter. 7(2020浙江7
58、月高考)When Im face to face with a polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. 8(2020全国卷)The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally (globe).补全句子1Do you know how the differences between AE and BE come into being?你知道美式英语和英式英语的差异是怎样形成的吗？2The Chinese people have been dr
59、eaming of exploring the outer space for a long time.长期以来，中国人一直梦想探索外太空。3With the development of science and technology, more and more scientific inventions are being made, which brings great convenience to our daily life.随着科技的发展，出现了越来越多的科学发明，这给我们的日常生活带来了巨大的便利。4You may have access to them via your pub
60、lic library.你可以通过公共图书馆来使用它们。单元主题语篇训练.完形填空In my childhood, there were no smart phones or computers. Still, I never felt bored. The field, 1 and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground. I can remember once hiking to a nearby 2 and walking slowly around it. At the back of it I was amazed t
61、o find an old dirt road that I had never seen before. It was full of muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but 3 it still seemed like a fine adventure.I 4 on and on for what seemed like hours. I was sure someone was 5 in my ears to ask me to turn around and 6 back home but I wa
62、s 7 and even a bit stupid, so I walked on. There was still neither a car nor a house 8 . My legs were getting tired. I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew 9 . I didnt want to end up 10 on this road in the dark of night, and I was worried that it would be dark 11 I could make my w
63、ay back to the lake again.I continued to walk on with the fear growing inside of me. My heart was 12 and my legs were aching. When I 13 one last corner and saw a house that I 14 ， I jumped up and down and laughed out loud. I knew the way home! It was still over a mile away, but 15 felt like feathers
64、. I 16 into the house with a big smile just in time for dinner. Then I ended my adventure with a good nights sleep.I remembered this recently when I saw a 17 that said, “All roads lead home.” This is true. I also remembered a sage (智者) compared life to a journey. Are we going to make this life a ter
65、rible 18 or are we going to make the life a joyful one? It 19 our own choice.All roads no matter how they twist and turn, can 20 us home in our hearts. May you always walk your path with love! May you always help your fellow travelers along the way!语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”沿着湖边一条不熟悉的小路散步，不知不觉天色已晚，“我”很害怕但还是在
66、晚饭前回到了家。回家的路不止一条，心中有家，总能找到回家的路。1A.townsBfarmsChills Dvillages解析：选C根据上句，并结合该句“The field, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.”可知，“我”家周围的田野、山地(hills)、树林都是完美的游乐场，故C项正确。2A.lake BfarmhouseCforest Dhighway解析：选A根据该句中的“and walking slowly around it”，并结合第二段尾句中的“the lake”可以推断，“我”绕着附近的一个湖泊(
67、lake)散步；A项意为“湖泊”，故A项正确。3A.appreciating BrefusingCintroducing Dexploring解析：选D根据上文中的“At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before.”可知，这条古旧的土路“我”从来没有看到过；结合该句内容可知，土路上满是泥泞的轮胎印迹，两边是深林，但探索(exploring)它仍然像是一次美妙的冒险。D项意为“探索”，故D项正确。4A.drove BwalkedCflew Drode解析：选B根据上文“wal
68、king slowly”可以推断“我”一直走(walked)，似乎走了几个小时，故B项正确。下文中的“walked on”亦是提示。5A.scolding BwhisperingCsinging Dwaving解析：选B根据该句中的“in my ears”，并结合全句内容可知，“我”确信有人在“我”的耳边低语(whispering)；B项意为“低语”，故B项正确。6A.wander BlandCpace Dhead解析：选D根据该句中的“turn around and”和“back home”可知，有一个人在“我”耳边低语，让“我”转身、回家；head back home意为“回家”，故D项正
69、确。7A.stubborn BdesperateCsad Danxious解析：选A根据该句中的“and even a bit stupid, so I walked on”可推知，空处应和形容词“stupid”对应，故A项“固执的”，符合语境。8A.in order Bin comfortCin sight Din need解析：选C根据该句“There was still neither a car nor a house ”，并结合上文的内容可知，“我”沿着一条古旧的土路一直走，仍然看不到一辆车、一间房子；C项意为“看得见，在视野内”，符合语境，故C项正确。9A.thrilled Bdi
70、sappointedCastonished Dscared解析：选D根据该句中的“I noticed that the sun was starting to go down”及常识可推知，“我”注意到太阳开始下山了，“我”感到害怕(scared)。10A.exposed BtrappedCinjured Dworried解析：选B根据语境可推知，“我”不想在黑夜里被困(trapped)在这条路上；B项意为“被困的”，故B项正确。11A.though BifCwhen Dbefore解析：选D根据语境可知，“我”担心在“我”再次回到湖边之前(before)天会黑下来。12A.beating B
71、sinkingCblocking Dracing解析：选D根据空前一句“I continued to walk on with the fear growing inside of me.”可知，“我”继续前进，心里越来越害怕；据此可以推断，“我”的心急速跳动(racing)着，双腿隐隐作痛；D项意为“急速跳动”，故D项正确。13A.searched BturnedCchecked Dexamined解析：选B根据该句中的“When I one last corner and saw a house”可知，当“我”转过最后一个拐角时，“我”看到了一幢房子；B项意为“转弯”，故B项正确。14A.
72、owned BoverlookedCrecognized Ddefined解析：选C根据该句中的“I jumped up and down and laughed out loud”可知，“我”上下跳了起来，并笑出了声；据此可以推断，“我”认出(recognized)了一幢房子；C项意为“认出”，故C项正确。15A.arms BlegsChead Dhands解析：选B根据空前一句“I knew the way home！”可知，“我”知道了回家的路；结合该句“It was still over a mile away, but felt like feathers.”且和该段第二句中的“my
73、 legs were aching”呼应可推知，虽然离家还有不止一英里，但“我”感到双腿(legs)轻松起来，故B项正确。16A.danced BstormedCdragged Djumped解析：选A根据上文中的“I jumped up and down and laughed out loud”可知，看到认识的房子，“我”很兴奋；结合该句中的“with a big smile just in time for dinner”可推知，“我”蹦蹦跳跳(danced)地进了房子，刚好赶上吃晚饭；A项意为“雀跃，轻快地移动”，故A项正确。17A.design BsignatureCsignal D
74、sign解析：选D根据该句“I remembered this recently when I saw a that said, All roads lead home”可知，“我”看到一个标牌(sign)，上面写着：“回家的路不止一条。”D项意为“标牌”，故D项正确。18A.scene BtripCevent Dsight解析：选B根据上文中的“a journey”并结合该句内容可推知，我们是要人生之旅(trip)变得糟糕，还是要让它变得快乐？B项意为“旅行”，故B项正确。19A.depends on Bdecides onCdeals with Drefers to解析：选A结合该句“It
75、 our own choice”可推知，这取决于(depends on)我们自己的选择。A项意为“取决于”，故A项正确。20A.move BurgeClead Dtransport解析：选C根据上文中的“All roads lead home”可知，回家的路不止一条；结合该句语境可知，道路不管多么曲折，都能指引(lead)我们回家。C项意为“引领”，故C项正确。.阅读七选五(2021江西八校联考)Flextime is a flexible hours schedule in which employees choose their own working hours, usually wor
76、king within approximate limits set by the employer or by the government. 1 For employees, flextime has a clear advantage. 2 For example, people can use flextime to create schedules which will allow them to go to school, handle childcare, assist relatives, and perform other tasks. Employees may also
77、use their flextime to create a schedule which optimizes creativity, as in the case of someone who would prefer to work earlier in the day to get more accomplished. 3 First, it tends to increase employees satisfaction. This makes the company a better and more productive place to work. In addition, fl
78、extime can allow companies to serve clients for a greater portion of the day, as employees will be around at varying hours to answer phones, attend meetings, and so forth. Most flextime schedules include core time. 4 Employees are also usually given an hourly, daily or weekly limit to ensure that th
79、ey do not violate laws about working hours. Or the company is only willing to pay wages for so many hours of work each week.A classic example of a flexible time schedule is that someone who works four 10hour shifts a week can take three days off. Flextime can also be combined with flexplace, in whic
80、h the environment is better than that of the office. 5 Employers may also allow people to work in untraditional settings such as coffee houses.AEmployers benefit from flextime a lot.BIts also seen as a familyfriendly policy.CHowever, flextime may not be applicable to all fields.DIt is a period of th
81、e day in which everyone is expected to be at work.EMany employers all over the world offer this method to their employees.FFor example, home offices are increasingly popular among many companies.GIt allows them to make changes to their work schedule which will suit their lives.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弹
82、性工作时间制的相关内容。1选E根据空处所在位置可知，空处为段尾句，承上启下；空前一句是说弹性工作时间制是指员工可以选择自己的工作时间，通常在老板或政府的设定范围内工作；紧接着第二段开头说弹性工作时间制对员工有好处，故E项“世界上的许多雇主都会向他们的雇员提供这种方法”符合语境，衔接上下文。2选G空前一句是说对于雇员而言，弹性工作时间制有明显的好处，由此可推知空处应是具体介绍好处体现的方面，故G项“这允许他们对自己的工作时间表作出改变来适应他们的生活”符合语境。3选A根据文章结构和空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的段首主题句；阅读该段可知，该段主要介绍了弹性工作时间制对于雇主的好处。故选A。4选D
83、根据空前一句“Most flextime schedules include core time.”可知，大多数弹性工作时间包括核心时间。据此可推知，空处应是介绍核心工作时间的内容，即每个人被要求工作的时间段。故D项正确。5选F根据空处上文的内容可知，弹性工作时间制与弹性工作地点也可以结合在一起；据此可推知，空处应是举例说明弹性工作地点的相关情况，故F项符合语境。tips 怎样解阅读七选五之段尾句(1)空处为总结、概括句做题时一要注意空格前的一句或两句；二是注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的信号词，如to conclude, in a word, thus, hence, in short
84、, to sum up, therefore, as a result等词语；三是要注意与前文的逻辑关系，找到关键的线索词句，如表示转折、对比、并列或排比的关系。(2)空处为承上启下句除了作为总结、概括句之外，段尾句很有可能是承上启下句，用于引出下一段的内容。如果选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接关系。例如上文的第1题，作为尾句，起着连接上下文、承上启下的作用，解题时应分析空前一句及下一段首句来推知答案。 .语法填空(2021湖北八校联考)The hardships involved in building the Great Wall are beyond
85、imagination. Large numbers of people had to leave their homes and families to go to the north, 1 they worked hard for years. Of the legends about the Great Wall, the story of Lady Meng Jiang is the most 2 (move). Lady Meng Jiang lived during the reign of the First Emperor of Qin. After her husband 3
86、 (call) up to build the Great Wall, she missed him so much 4 she traveled many miles to see him but only 5 (tell) that her husband had died and was buried under the Wall. She was 6 (extreme) sad and cried for three days and nights until the Great Wall fell down one section after another.Over the pas
87、t centuries, the Great Wall 7 (become) a symbol of unity and 8 (strong) for Chinese people. It symbolizes that the great achievement can be made with 9 common will and joined effort. For example, the national anthem, composed during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, called on people
88、 to “build our new Great Wall 10 our flesh and blood”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了有关长城的一个传说，还介绍了长城在中国人民心目中的重要地位。1where考查定语从句。句意：很多人不得不离开他们的家园和家人去北方，在那里他们努力工作了多年。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the north”，在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该从句。2moving考查形容词。句意：在关于长城的传说中，孟姜女的故事最令人感动。该句主语为表示物的“the story”，故用形容词moving“令人感动的”。3was cal
89、led/had been called考查动词的时态和语态。该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；该句主语为“her husband”，和动词call之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据该句中的“After”和“missed”可知，孟姜女的丈夫被传唤去筑长城后，她非常想念她的丈夫；据此可知，空处也可以用过去完成时。故应填was called/had been called。4that考查固定搭配。句意：她如此思念她的丈夫，以至于走了很多路去看望他。so . that .为固定结构，意为“如此以至于”。5to be told考查动词不定式的被动式。根据语境可知，该处表示未曾想到的结果，故用动
90、词不定式作结果状语；该句主语为“she”，和动词tell之间为被动关系，表示“被告知”，故用动词不定式的被动式。6extremely考查副词。句意：她非常悲伤，哭了三天三夜，直到长城一段段倒塌。修饰形容词用副词，故用extreme的副词形式修饰形容词sad。7has become考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：历经数个世纪，长城已经成为中国人民团结和力量的象征。根据该句中的“Over the past centuries”可知，该处应用现在完成时；该句主语为“the Great Wall”，为单数形式，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填has become。8strength考查名词。根据语境以及该句中的“unity”可知，空处和名词“unity”并列，作介词“of”的宾语，故用其名词形式。9a考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一个共同的意愿”，will当“意愿”讲时为可数名词，且common的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。10with考查介词。句意：例如，在抗日战争期间谱写的国歌，号召人民“用我们的血肉筑成我们新的长城”。该处指“用我们的血肉筑成我们新的长城”，空处表示“用”，故用介词with。