1、高考资源网（ ），您身边的高考专家2010高考二轮复习英语学案专题十二 主谓一致【典例精析】1.（2005山东卷35）The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed【解析】B 考查主谓一致。分析句式找准主语为life主语，he used to定语修饰life，按照时态since决定时态，用现在完成时,故答案为B.2.（2005上海卷31） Professor Smith, along with his assistants,_ on
2、 the project day and night to meet the deadline.A. work B. working C. is working D. are working【解析】C考查主谓一致。此处为语法一致，不要受along with his assistants的影响，故答案为C符合。3.（2005辽宁卷21）Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside,_ in the clothing industry.Ais working Bworks Cwork Dworked
3、【解析】C考查主谓一致。分析句式找准主语为a large number of women，把握时态为一般现在时，故答案为C。4. A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.（2006年江苏高考）A. is B. are C. was D. were【解析】A考查主谓一致。a poet and artist为一个人，时态为一般现在时，故答案为A5.Most of what has been said about the Smiths also
4、 _true of the Johnsons（2006年安徽高考） Aare Bis Cbeing Dto be【解析】B考查主谓一致。分析句式找准主语most of what-指说的内容，为不可数故答案为B，构成系表结构。6. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.（2006浙江）A. is B. are C. was D. were【解析】D考查主谓一致。主语为one-third，但省略了note
5、book computers，分数的主谓一致依据修饰的名词的数，故答案为D。7.（09四川）15.The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was 【解析】B 考查主谓一致。A together with B作主语时谓语动词与A的单复数保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代Reading Skills，由于Reading Skills是书名所以谓语
6、动词用单数。 8.（09湖南）4. Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A. are B. is C. have D. be【解析】B 主谓一致的用法。Either or. 连接两个主语，按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。One of your students 谓语应用单数形式。【专题突破】考生做主谓一致的试题时要熟练掌握三大原则的具体用法，学会分析句式，把握特殊用法，注意如下两点：1. 主谓一致的考查主要体现在单项选择和短文改错两个题型中。同学们在练习和应试时，遇到这样的
7、题时，要牢记主谓一致的三个基本原则。一定要根据句子内容抓住关键的主语部分，分析句式找准主谓，兼顾句子的时态和语态。2. one of +复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词与复数名词一致。 the only one of +复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。1. Is there anybody in the classroom ?No, the teacher, together with the students _ to the playground.A. go B. went C. has gone D. have gone2. Are the
8、se your sheep ?No. Mine _ on grass at the foot of the hill.A. are feeding B. feed C. is fed D. is feeding3. Sitting at the back of the room but in front of some old men and women _ a very shy girl with two bright eyes.A. was B. are C. were D. there was4. Mr. Bush, together with his wife and daughter
9、 _ going to Japan next week.A. are B. is C. will be D. would be5. Not the teacher but the students _ excited.A. is B. has C. are D. have6. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes _ all that I can spare to talk with you.A. are B. was C. is D. were7. _ of the land in that district _ covered with tree
10、s and grass.A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifths; are C. Two fifth; areD. Two fifths; is8.He is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years.A. is B. are C. have been D. has been9.Professor Smith, along with his assistants,_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A.
11、 work B. working C. is working D. are working10.Not only _interested in football but _beginning to show an interest in it.A. the teacher himself is all his students are B. the teacher himself is are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself are all his students D. is the teacher himself all his stud
12、ents are11.-“Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons,_ to go to university.” -“So do I.”A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped12.E-mail, as well as telephone,_ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. hoped13.Books of this kind _ well.A. s
13、ell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold14.Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used15.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decide
14、d D. has not been decided16.The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were17._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifthisB. Two fifthare C. Two fifthsis D. Two fifthsare参考答案
15、和解析：1.【解析】 C本题考查的主谓一致的内容与上一题相同，从句子的语境判断，应当用现在完成时。2.【解析】 Amine指my sheep 为复数形式。是主动语态。3.【解析】 A本句为倒装句。主语是a very shy girl with two bright eyes.核心主语是a very shy girl，为单数，全句为过去时。4.【解析】 B全句的核心主语是Mr. Bush，为单数，全句为将来时。5.【解析】 C运用就近原则，谓语动词和主语the students 一致，此处为主系表结构，用be动词。6.【解析】 C 主语ten minutes表示时间，被视为一个整体，为单数形式。
16、全句是现在时。7.【解析】 D本句核心主语是land，为单数形式，同时注意分数的表达形式。8.【解析】D这是一个定语从句。在one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式：one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式。the only one of the students中的先行词是the only one，定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。又因“for three years”是完成时的标志。9.【解析】C Professor Smith决定谓语动词的数；his assistants和谓语动词的数无关。10.【解析】
17、D not only but (also )连结两个句子，用部分倒装。11.【解析】B “each of +名词复数”谓语用单数。12.【解析】A本题考察主谓一致，当主语后面跟有as well as短语时，其后的谓语动词不受as well as之后的名词影响，仍然和主语在人称和数上保持一致。 13.【解析】A “kind(s) of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数依kind 单复数而定；“复数名词 + of this/that kind ”作主语时，谓语动词的数依of 前面的名词而定。本题中sell 用作不及物动词表示“销售”。14.【解析】C mean单数复数一个形式。在本题中代表单数。1
18、5.【解析】D不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。16.【解析】C “the number of” 表示“的数量”，谓语用单数；“a number of”表示“许多”，谓语用复数。17.【解析】C 考察数词和主谓一致。分数词在句中作主语时，谓语动词必须跟分数词所修饰的名词保持数的一致。【学法导航】在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应该与主语的人称和数保持一致，如何判定，则要看句子的意思。在多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思及强调的内容。具体来说，有就近原则；意义一致原则；整体原则；个体原则。掌握了这些原则，相信考生在今后的考试中就科以轻松地应对这一类型的考题。考生掌握了这四条
19、原则后，再看到题目的话，相信很容易就可以明白试题的考试意图，并得到正确的答案！在做题的过程中总结原则，并把原则运用到试题中去，是一种很有效的学习策略，当然在复习中应该在老师的指导下，抓住重点来攻克，总之要抓住重点记忆，做题弄清主谓，把握时态语态即可：（一）、复习时需重点注意的要点1.集体名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数，看作各个成员时，谓语用复数。如：His family isnt large.His family are all fond of music.2.些名词如news, maths, physics等虽然有词尾“s”但意义上是单数，谓语动词要用单数。如：The news is won
20、derful.Physics is an interesting subject.3.由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等名词所构成的复数名词主语，是当作一个整体看待的，后面用单数动词。如：Five minutes is too short.Ten dollars is enough.4.主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词一般与前面的主语的人称和数一致。如：The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.5.主语当and连接的两个名词指同一人、同一事或同一
21、概念时，and后面那个名词前没有冠词，谓语动词用单数。如：The teacher and writer is respected by all the people around. 形容词and形容词名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：Social and political freedom are limited there用and连接的单数名词，前面有each, every, many a, no修饰语时，谓语要用单数。如： Every man，woman, and child is entitled to take part in the activity. Each pen and ea
22、ch paper is found in its place. 6.“one or two名词复数”,“one or more名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用复数。”“one/a单数名词or two”作主语，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。如：One or two books are needed. One book or two is /are needed. 7.不定式短语、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：Reading in the morning is good for learning English但是，当and连接上述两个相同的结构时，谓语动词用复数。如：Reading b
23、ooks and playing table tennis are my great pleasure. 【专题综合】1. But I know the government _ his invention.A. think highly B. speak high of C. sing highly D. thinks highly of 2. She is the only one among the _ writers who _ stories for children.A. womanwrites B. womenwrites C. womenwrite D. womanwrite3
24、. The professor, together with his son, _ Lanzhou _ Beijing.A. have left for B. has leftforC. have left to D. has left to.4. Nobody but Sam and John _ in the laboratory.A. are B. had been C. were D. is 5. My family _ having supper when suddenly the bell rang.A. is B. was C. are D. were.6. The singer
25、 and dancer _ come to our school.A. have B. has C. were D. was.7. A number of children _ for the teacher to come now.A. is waiting B. are waiting C. waits D. waited8. The wounded _ to the hospital at once.A. were sent B. were send C. is sent D. was send9. More than one person _ late for class this m
26、orning.A. are B. was C. is D. were 10. The cattle _ grazing on the grass.A. were B. was C. be D. is 11. The students each _ a dictionary now.A. hasB. haveC. has gotD. had got12. Many a child _ lost their parents.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are13. Steam and ice _ different forms of water.A. isB. areC. wasD.
27、 were14. Every desk and every chair _ made of wood.A. isB. areC. wasD. were15. _ not only you but also he going to Beijing?A. AreB. IsC. WereD. Was16. The manager or his secretary _ to give you an interview.A. isB. areC. wereD. have17. Mary is one of the girls who _ often late for school.A. isB. are
28、C. comesD. get18. Mary is the only one of the girls who _ often late for school.A. isB. areC. comesD. get19. The United Nations _ an organization of independent countries.A. isB. areC. wasD. were20. Every means _ been tried.A. haveB. hasC. isD. were参考答案： 1-20: DBBDD BBABA BABAA ABAAB欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。