1、课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点暗喻修辞法暗喻也叫隐喻，是简缩了的明喻，但不用比喻词like或as作对比，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如：她是个天使。(She is an angel.)是暗喻；而她像天使般天真无邪。(She is as innocent as an angel.)是明喻。一、好句欣赏1Time is money.时间就是金钱。2Shes going through a roller coaster of emotions.她正在经历一场情绪的大起大落。3Spending too much time with
2、him is worse than swimming in a sea of sharks.花太多时间和他在一起，要比在有鲨鱼的海里游泳更糟糕。4Her hair was a flowing golden river streaming down her shoulders.她的头发像一条流动着的金色河流，顺着她的肩膀披垂下来。5Kathy arrived at the grocery store with an army of children.凯西带着一大群孩子来到了杂货店。6Todays lecture gave me a lot of food for thought.今天的讲座给了我
3、很多值得思考的东西。二、小试牛刀1Eyes are windows_to_the_soul眼睛是心灵的窗户。2Her voice is_music_to_his_ears她的声音对他来说是美妙的音乐。3Laughter is_the_sun that drives_winter_from the human face.笑就像太阳，从人们脸上赶走冬天。4The teacher planted the_seeds_of_wisdom老师播下了智慧的种子。5Let us be grateful to people who make us happy, because they are the_cha
4、rming_gardeners_who_make_our_souls_blossom让我们感激那些让我们快乐的人，因为他们是让我们的心灵绽放的迷人园丁。6Books are the_keys_to_your_imagination书籍是开启你的想象力的钥匙。.阅读理解A 语篇类型议论文 主题语境人与社会科学科学是值得信任的(2021武汉市高中质量检测) For several decades，there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science，funded by
5、those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science.In response，scientists have tended to stress the success of science.After all，scientists have been right about most things.Stressing successes isnt wrong，but for many people its not persuasive.An alternative answer
6、 to the question “Why trust science？” is that scientists use the socalled scientific methoDIf youve got a high school science textbook lying around，youll probably find that answer in it.But what is typically thought to be the scientific methoddevelop a hypothesis(假设)，then design an experiment to tes
7、t itisnt what scientists actually do.Science is dynamic: new methods get invented；old ones get abandoned；and sometimes，scientists can be found doing many different things.If there is no identifiable scientific method，then what is the reason for trust in science? The answer is how those claims are ev
8、aluateDThe common element in modern science，regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used，is the strict scrutiny (认真彻底的审查) of claims.Its this tough，sustained process that works to make sure faulty claims are rejecteDA scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has go
9、ne through a lengthy “peer review” because the reviewers are experts in the same field who have both the right and the obligation (责任) to find faults.A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively.No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens，if not hundreds，of heads
10、.In areas that have been contested，like climate science and vaccine safety，its thousands.This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist，even a very famous one，disagrees with the claim.And this is why diversity in sciencethe more people looking at a claim from d
11、ifferent anglesis important.Does this process ever go wrong? Of course.Scientists are humans.There is always the possibility of revising a claim on the basis of new evidence.Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds”While examples of truly
12、 settled science being overturned are far fewer，they do exist.But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical(自相矛盾的)：that science produces both novelty and stability.Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence，but this is a stren
13、gth of science，not a weakness.文章大意：尽管在过去的几十年有人质疑科学，但科学以其动态的研究方法、严格的审查制度、集体的智慧论断和与时俱进的态度值得人们信任。1How does the author think of the scientific method?AStable. BUnreliable.CDynamiC DUnrealistiC解析：C考查观点态度。根据第二段中的“Science is dynamic：new methods get invented；old ones get abandoned”可知，作者认为科学方法在不断更新，是处于动态变化中的
14、，故选C。2What does the underlined word “vetted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AExplaineD BExamineDCRepeateD DReleaseD解析：B考查词义猜测。根据第三段尾句可知，一个科学论断在被接受为正确的之前要经历漫长的“同行评审”，并结合第四段第一句可推知，画线词所在句表示科学论断只有在经过很多人审查之后才能被接受，由此可推知，画线词的含义与B项词义最为接近，故选B。3According to the passage，the author may agree that _Ait is not pers
15、uasive to reject those faulty claimsBsettled science tends to be collectively overturnedCa leading expert cannot play a decisive role in scrutinyDdiversity in knowledge is the common element in science解析：C考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single
16、 scientist，even a very famous one，disagrees with the claim.”可推知，单个知名科学家在科学论断的审查过程中并不能发挥决定性的作用，故选C。4Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?APut Your Faith in ScienceBDefend the Truth in ScienceCApply Your Mind to ScienceDExplore a Dynamic Way to Science解析：A考查标题判断。作者在第一段以过去几十年人
17、们对科学的怀疑引出话题，随即表明了论点“scientists have been right about most things”，接着第二至五段提出论据支撑了这一论点，以此来呼吁人们要信任科学，所以A选项最适合作文章标题。B语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我个人经历图书馆的价值(2021开封市高三模拟) I grew up in libraries，or at least it feels that way.I went there several times a week with my mother when I was young.Those visits were fantastiCTh
18、e library might have been the first place where I was ever given autonomy(自主权).In the library，I could have anything I wanteDAnd on the ride back to home，my mom and I would talk about the order in which we were going to read our books，a solemn conversation in which we planned how to pace ourselves th
19、rough this charming period until the books were due.When I left for college，one of the many ways I differentiated myself from my mom was that I was wild about owning books.All I know is that I lost my appreciation of the slow pace of making my way through a library and of having books on borrowed ti
20、me.If my mother ever mentioned to me that she was on the waiting list for some book at the library，I got annoyed and asked why she didnt just buy it.But in 2011，one of my sons school assignments was to interview someone who worked for the city.He said he wanted to interview a librarian.As my son and
21、 I drove to meet the librarian，I was flooded by a sense of absolute familiarity，a recollection of the journey of the parent and child on their way to the library.I had taken this trip so many times before，but at that moment I turned my thought on its head，and I was the parent bringing my child on th
22、at special trip.As I walked into the library，nothing had changedthe sense of gentle，steady busyness，like a pot of water on a rolling boil (沸点)，was just the same.In the library，time is dammed upnot just stopped but saveDI knew what hooked me was the shock of familiarity I feltthe way it revealed my c
23、hildhood，my relationship with my mom，my love of books.However，as I was rediscovering those memories，my mother was losing all of hers.The writer Amadou Hampt B once said that in Africa，whenever an old man dies，it is as though a library were burning down.But if you can take something from his or her i
24、nternal collection and share it，it takes on a life of its own.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历，最终认识到了图书馆对她的价值，即它是承载无数记忆的地方。5What can be inferred about the authors childhood from Paragraph 1?AShe lived near a library.BShe possessed a library.CShe didnt borrow books from libraries.DShe enjoyed visits to l
25、ibraries.解析：D考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Those visits were fantastiCThe library might have been the first place where I was ever given autonomy (自主权).In the library，I could have anything I wanteD”可推知，作者在孩童时期喜欢去图书馆。故选D。6How did the author change after entering college?AShe lost her enthusiasm for reading.BShe did
26、 not return books on time.CShe quit the habit of going to libraries.DShe wanted to buy books for her mom.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“I was wild about owning books”以及最后一句中的“I got annoyed and asked why she didnt just buy it”可知，作者上大学后，不再喜欢到图书馆借书了。故选C。7What did the author rediscover when she walked into the l
27、ibrary with her son?AHer love of libraries.BHer delight in owning books.CHer lost memory of her mom.DHer familiarity with her mom.解析：A考查推理判断。根据第四段第三句“I knew what hooked me was the shock of familiarity I feltthe way it revealed my childhood，my relationship with my mom，my love of books.”可知，当作者和自己的儿子走进
28、图书馆的时候，作者重拾了那些与图书馆相关的美好回忆，由此可推知，作者重新发现了自己对图书馆的喜爱。故选A。8Which can be the title of this passage?AThe Librarya World of KnowledgeBThe Librarya Place of MemoryCThe Librarya Busy PlaceDThe Libraryan Old Man解析：B考查标题判断。文章讲述了作者通过“喜欢图书馆疏远图书馆重新发现对图书馆的喜爱”这样一段亲身经历，最终认识到了图书馆对她的价值，即它是承载无数记忆的地方。由此可知，B项适合作本文标题。.完形填空
29、语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自然自然生态一只狗的忠诚(2021海南省海口市第一次联考)In the Thai city of Khon Kaen, a dog kept waiting around a crossroad _1_ he was waiting for his owner.Many citizens believed the dog had been_2_Some warmhearted citizens brought him food and water._3_them was a middleaged lady named Rol who came _4_One day,
30、a reporter _5_the dog and Rol who came to _6_ some fooDThen the reporter shared the story about the dog and Rol on social mediAThe post went viral and the photos got shared _7_ times.And the photos reached the eyes of the dogs _8_ owner, Auntie Noi.She felt heartbroken for having _9_ her beloved dog
31、 during a car trip.When she learned that he had been waiting for her in the same _10_ for the last four years，her heart melteDAuntie Noi told her daughter to _11_ her to where the dog was waiting.When she got out of the car and called his name, BonBon, the dog started wiggling(扭动) his tail and came
32、to her，but when she tried to take him _12_ with her, he was_13_to follow.She didnt want to _14_ the dog to come with her so she agreed to leave him with his new master._15_， she and her daughter will come to visit him regularly.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一只丢失的狗四年来在同一个地方一直等待它的前主人，在这期间得到新主人的照顾，并且被前主人找到认出后，仍然留下
33、来陪同新主人的故事。1Abecause BalthoughCas if Duntil解析：C句意：在泰国孔敬市，一只狗一直在十字路口等着，好像在等主人。because因为；although尽管；as if好像；until直到。根据“he was waiting for his owner”可知，一只狗一直在十字路口等着，好像在等主人，从句为方式状语从句，故选C。2Acaught BabandonedCkept Dinvolved解析：B句意：许多市民认为这只狗是被遗弃的。caught抓住；abandoned遗弃；kept保留；involved包括。根据上文这只狗一直在十字路口等，可推测这里应该
34、是遗弃，故选B。3AWith BUnderCBetween DAmong解析：D句意：其中有一位名叫罗尔的中年妇女，她经常来看望狗。With带有；Under在下面；Between在两者之间；Among在中间(一般指三者及以上)。根据上文“Some warmhearted citizens brought him food and water.”可知本句中的them指代上文的“some warmhearted citizens”，因此介词用among，故选D。4Aregularly BgraduallyCsuddenly Dslightly解析：A句意：同上一题。regularly经常地；gra
35、dually逐渐地；suddenly突然地；slightly稍微。根据下文记者拍到罗尔给狗送食物，可知这里应该是经常来，故选A。5Ainterviewed BphotographedCdrew Ddressed解析：B句意：有一天，一位记者拍到了这只狗和来送食物的罗尔。interviewed采访；photographed拍摄；drew画；dressed装饰。根据下文照片被分享了很多次，可知应该是拍摄照片，故选B。6Afall off Bfall overCdrop to Ddrop off解析：D根据上文“Some warmhearted citizens brought him food a
36、nd water.Among them was a middleaged lady named Rol who came regularly.”罗尔经常来给这只狗送食物，可知是送来。fall off下降；fall over跌倒；drop to坠入；drop off送来。故选D。7Ahundred BhundredsChundred of Dhundreds of解析：D句意：该帖子迅速走红，照片被分享了数百次。hundred百；hundreds百；hundreds of数以百计的。根据上文说迅速走红，所以照片应该被分享数百次。且数词hundred后加 of 需加s，如果没有of，不加s，故选D
37、。8Aelder BformerCnew Dyoung解析：B句意：照片被狗的前主人Auntie Noi 看见了。elder年长的；former以前的；new新的；young年轻的。根据下文Auntie Noi和她的女儿回来找这只狗，可知是前主人，故选B。9Alost BseparatedCfound Dfailed解析：A句意：她因在一次汽车旅行中丢失了心爱的狗而心碎。lost丢失；separated分离；found发现；failed失败。根据下文四年里这只狗一直在等他的主人，可知是丢失，故选A。10Aplatform BspotCstage Dscreen解析：B句意：当她得知他在同一地点
38、等她四年的时候，她的心融化了。platform平台；spot地点；stage舞台；screen屏幕。根据文章开头一直在十字路口等，可知是同一地点，故选B。11Awalk BfollowCmarch Ddrive解析：D句意：诺伊阿姨告诉她的女儿开车送她去狗在等的地方。walk走路；follow跟随；march行进；drive开车。根据下文“When she got out of the car and called his name”可知，应该是开车，故选D。12Afamily BhomeCschool Dfactory解析：B句意：当她下车叫他的名字BonBon时，狗开始扭动尾巴来到她身边，
39、但当她试图带他回家时，他不愿意跟着。family家庭；home家；school学校；factory工厂。根据上文诺伊阿姨告诉她的女儿开车送她去狗在等的地方，应该是接这只狗回家，故选B。13Alucky BunluckyCwilling Dunwilling解析：D根据下文狗留在新主人身边，可推测是不愿意跟着前主人回家。lucky幸运的；unlucky不幸的；willing愿意的；unwilling不愿意的。故选D。14Aagree BallowCforce Dcontrol解析：C句意：她不想强迫狗和她一起走，所以她同意把他留给他的新主人。agree同意；allow允许；force强迫；con
40、trol控制。根据上文狗不愿意和前主人回家，可知这里是不想强迫这只狗，故选C。15AHowever BMoreoverCTherefore DLikewise解析：A句意：然而，她和她的女儿会定期来看他。However然而；Moreover此外；Therefore因此；Likewise同样地。不想强迫狗和她一起走，同意把狗留给他的新主人与她和她的女儿会定期来看狗构成转折关系，故选A。.应用文写作(2021海南省海口大联考)假定你是李华，正在欧洲求学，新型冠状肺炎疫情 (COVID19) 的传播让在中国的家人很担心，请你结合以下要点给父母亲回信，内容包括：1现况：你很安全和健康；2准备工作：已储
41、备好必备食品、药品和生活用品等；3近期计划：宅在家中，主要精力放在毕业论文上；4保持与当地华人社团(Chinese Community)的联系，让家人放心。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3信的开头已为你写好。One possible versionDear Mum and Dad，Im writing to tell you about my situation here.First of all, please dont worry about me, as I am safe and healthy here.Besides, I have bought all
42、 the necessities for staying home including foods, medicine and daily necessities.As for my plan, I will make full use of the time to write and polish my paper for graduation.Of course, I will keep close contact with the local Chinese Community and get informed of the updates about the fight against COVID19 here.In a word, I will take good care of myself here.Yours，Li Hua