1、一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1alcohol n酒；酒精2alcoholic adj. 酒精的3immune adj. 有免疫力的4spill vi. _溢出；洒落vt. 使溢出；使洒落5pregnant adj. 怀孕的6abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的7obesity n. (过度)肥胖；肥胖症8comprehension n. 理解(力)9fitness n. 健康10robbery n. 抢劫；盗窃11pill n. 药丸；药片12needle n. 针；(注射器的)针头13prejudice n. 偏见；成见14awkward adj. 局促不安的
2、；笨拙的15adolescent n. 青少年adj. 青春期的16adolescence n. 青春期.核心词汇写其形1abuse n. & vt. 滥用；虐待2ban vt. 禁止；取缔n. 禁令；谴责3due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的4tough adj. 困难的；强硬的5quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开6cigarette n. 香烟；纸烟7accustom vt. 使习惯于8accustomed adj. 惯常的；习惯了的9unfit adj. 不健康的；不合适的； 不合格的10lung n. 肺11packet n. 小包；小盒.拓展词汇通其变1automatic a
3、dj.无意识的；自动的automatically adv.无意识地；自动地2mental adj.精神的；智力的mentally adv.精神上；智力上physical adj.(反义词)身体的；肉体的3breath n呼吸_breathe v呼吸breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的4strength n力气，力量；强项strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强5disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的disappointing adj.令人失望的disappointment n失望；沮丧6relax v使放松rel
4、axed adj.轻松的relaxing adj.使人放松的relaxation n放松；松弛7weak adj.虚弱的weaken vi.动摇；减弱 vt.(使)变弱weakness n弱点8legal adj.合法的illegal adj.不合法的；违法的9judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决judgement n看法；判决；判断10embarrass v使尴尬；使局促不安；使困窘embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的embarrassment n窘迫；难堪11addict vt.使上瘾 n有瘾的人addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的addiction n
5、沉溺；嗜好addictive adj.使人上瘾的12effect n结果；效力；影响effective adj.有效的；有影响的affect vt.影响13stress n压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的stressed adj.焦虑不安的14shame n羞耻；羞愧shameful adj.可耻的；不道德的shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的15chemist n药剂师；化学家chemical adj.化学的 n化学制品chemistry n化学1.人生历程baby 婴儿kid/child 小孩ju
6、nior 年少者；地位较低者；小学生youth/teenager/adolescent 青少年adult 成人a middleaged person 中年人senior citizen/the elderly/the aged 老年人2.性格多变，让人难以捉摸badtempered脾气暴躁的；易怒的sweettempered 性情温和的kindhearted 好心的openminded 虚心的easygoing 随和的outgoing 外向的strongwilled 意志坚强的narrowminded 心胸狭窄的3.否定前缀un高频形容词一览unfit不健康的；不合适的；不合格的unfair
7、不公平的unusual 不寻常的 unfriendly 不友好的unfortunate 不幸的uncomfortable 不舒服的unimportant 不重要的 uncertain 不确定的(二)重点短语记牢用活1due_to由于2(be)_addicted_to 对有瘾3(be)_accustomed_to 习惯于4decide_on 对作出决定5feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)6in_spite_of 不顾；不管7take_risks_(a_risk) 冒险8get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)9at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险10throw_away 扔掉1.“因为；
8、由于”荟萃due to由于；因为because of 由于；因为owing to 由于；因为thanks to 多亏；由于on account of 由于as a result of 由于的原因2.get into相关短语面面观get into debt负债累累get into trouble 陷入困境get into shape 使健康状况良好；健美get into a panic 陷入恐慌get into a habit 养成习惯get into drugs 染上毒品(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：as引导非限制性定语从句As_you_know,_if you do the
9、same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 正如你知道的，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。句型2：It is/was time to do sth.该到做某事的时候了When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it_was_time_to_quit_smoking当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我意识到是时候戒烟了。句型3：“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句；“asadj.
10、a(n)单数可数名词as.”结构I do_hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。句型4：It is.that.强调句型It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that_a_person_begins_to_look_sick. 只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1(2018全国卷)Exercise energizes
11、 you, so it is more difficult to relax(放松) and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.2(2017全国卷)I have grown not only physically, but also mentally(精神上) in the past few years.3As far as Im concerned, it is not wise to quit(放弃) your job and stay at home to be a housewife.4The paper is due(到期
12、的) next month，and I am working seven days a week, often long into the night.5It has been proved by facts that watching violence on TV has a bad effect(影响) on the development of children.6The man had so little education that he was unfit(fit) for this job.7(2019江苏卷)Large human brains consume more foo
13、d, and weaken(weak) muscles.8You should be ashamed(羞耻的) of yourself for telling such lies.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019全国卷阅读D)Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. 青少年时期2(2019全国卷阅读C)There was a time when people may have felt aw
14、kward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. 局促不安的3(2017浙江卷6月阅读C)Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. 困难的4(2017天津卷完形)Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician(内科医生)
15、, I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and healthy meals. 健康.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired.They complained that few could work efficiently under stress(stress)2The addictive cigarette can addict people, so once you a
16、re addicted to smoking cigarettes, its extremely difficult to fight your addiction(addict)3If we strengthen our physical exercise，we will get stronger and are full of strength all day long.(strong)4To my parents disappointment，my disappointing maths grade greatly disappointed my parents, and their d
17、isappointed look urged me to study harder then.(disappoint)5After hearing some relaxing music，she felt quite relaxed,_and there was a relaxed expression on her face.(relax)6As we all know, everyone has both strengths and weaknesses.Therefore, we shouldnt look down upon whoever looks weak. (weak).选词成
18、篇be aware of; feel ashamed of; take risks; get into; due to; be accustomed to; be addicted toAs we all know, any person who 1.gets_into the bad habit of smoking will 2.be_addicted_to nicotine. They believe that they are enjoying life instead of 3.taking_risks. In my opinion, the reason why the smoke
19、rs dont quit smoking is that they just want to relieve their heavy stress. For most smokers, they 4.are_aware_of the harmful effect of smoking, and they are trying to make some change.Sometimes, the smokers also 5.feel_ashamed_of their bad behavior. Although they desire to live as healthy a life as
20、the nonsmokers, they may not have courage to give up smoking. Maybe its all 6.due_to the fact that they 7.are_accustomed_to their life for a long time. Id appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to break away from the bad habit of smoking.完成句子1(2017北京卷书面表达)正如我们所知道的，长江是亚洲最长的河流，拥有许多旅游景点。
21、As_we_know,_the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has many tourist attractions.2事实上，戒掉一个坏习惯付出的努力与养成一个好习惯付出的努力是一样的。As a matter of fact, getting rid of a bad habit is as_much_an_effort_as forming a good one.3正是我的信心和决心使我取得了成功。It_was_my_confidence_and_determination_that led to my success.4关
22、上电脑。 是我们该上床睡觉的时候了。Switch off the computer.It_is_time_for_us_to_go_to_bed5我的确希望您能考虑我的申请。I do_hope you can take my application into consideration. stressn压力；重音；重点vt.使紧张；重读；强调；加压力于 基础练习单句语法填空Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.Nowadays more and more middle school students are gettin
23、g stressed(stress) in their studies.Most doctors and nurses live under stressful(stress) conditions. 能力提升完成句子正如多次强调的那样，学好英语对你们今后的职业发展非常重要。As_has_been_stressed_many_times,_learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future.(1)under stress 在压力之下lay/put stress on sth.
24、 强调某事物(2)stressful adj. 有压力的(指物)stressed adj. 有压力的(指人) 佳句背诵 Last weekend, we started a campaign with the theme “Working is most beautiful” and stressed the importance of working with our own hands. 上周末，我们以“劳动最光荣”为主题发起了一项活动，并强调了亲手劳动的重要性。(2019北京卷书面表达) dueadj.欠款的；预定；预计；到期的；应付的一词多义写出下列句中due to 或due的含义(2
25、018全国卷)It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time. 因为She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.预计The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.到期的The old man said the accident
26、 was due to careless driving, so a lot of money was due to be paid by the driver. 由于_应支付(1)be due to do sth.预定做某事(2)(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人(be) due to sth. 由于/因为某事 佳句背诵 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，一定要归功于我的健康生活。名师点津 表示“由于；因为”的其他短语：on accou
27、nt of, because of, as a result of等。 addictedadj.入了迷的；上了瘾的基础练习单句语法填空Now I work in a centre for drug addicts(addict), helping others to stop taking drugs.She kicked her threepackaday cigarette habit, and overcame her addiction(addict) to alcohol.能力提升一句多译很多孩子沉迷于上网，以致他们对学习失去了兴趣。 Many kids become/are/get
28、_addicted_to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study. (addicted)Many kids addict_themselves_to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study. (addict)Addicted_to surfing the Internet, many kids have lost interest in study. (分词作状语)(1)be/become/get addicted to 沉溺于；对上瘾(2)a
29、ddict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾n 有瘾的人addict oneself to sth. 某人沉溺于某事(3)addiction n 瘾；入迷；嗜好 佳句背诵 Learning that you are addicted to table tennis, I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.得知你沉醉于乒乓球，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队。(2017全国卷书面表达) accustomedadj.惯常的；习惯了的基础练习单句语法填空Knowing that
30、you are not accustomed to the life here and are considering returning to America, I feel very upset.For those accustomed(accustom) to a comfortable life, the change to remote areas must have been very hard indeed.能力提升一句多译这位老人习惯于住在农村，他发现很难适应城市的生活。The old man is_accustomed_to_living_in_the_countryside
31、,_and he finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.Accustomed_to_living_in_the_countryside,_the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city. (分词作状语)Having_accustomed_himself_to_living_in_the_countryside,_the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.(分词作状语)(1)be accustom
32、ed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)get/become accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事 佳句背诵 He quickly accustomed himself to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college. 他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。 effectn结
33、果；效力；影响 基础练习单句语法填空/对比填空It wont be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare no effort to do it.The effective way to kill the pest has a disastrous effect on the environment, affecting the balance of nature. (effect；affect；effective)能力提升微写作(2018北京卷书面表达)我介绍了制茶的历史，这对他们更好地理解我们的饮茶文化有很大的影响。I i
34、ntroduced the history of teamaking，which_has_a_great_effect_on_them_to better understand our teadrinking culture.(1)take effect 生效；见效have an effect/influence on/upon. 对产生影响put.into effect 实施；使生效/起作用side effect 副作用(2)effective adj.有效的；有影响的(3)affect vt.影响 佳句背诵 There is no denying that reading books of
35、 traditional culture can have a good effect on the children.不可否认，阅读传统文化的书籍会对儿童有良好的影响。 ashamedadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的基础练习单句语法填空He felt ashamed of cheating in the exam, determined never to do such things again.It is a shame that a good student should do something like that.It is shameful(shame) to break school r
36、ules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress.能力提升完成句子读了上面如此多的妈妈们的共同的抱怨，我感到羞愧和内疚。Having read about the above common complaint from so many mothers, I_feel_ashamed_and_guilty(1)be ashamed to do.耻于做；因难为情而不愿做feel/be ashamed of (doing) sth. 为(做)某事感到羞愧(2)Its a shame that./What a shame
37、that. 真让人遗憾。(3)shameful adj. 可耻的；不道德的 佳句背诵 In my opinion，you should be ashamed of your foolish behaviour.依我看来，你应该对自己愚蠢的行为感到羞耻。 take risks(a risk)冒险基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)They were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined.He got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldn
38、t risk losing(lose) the good opportunity.能力提升微写作(江苏卷书面表达)交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。Not only does the traffic issue affect our daily life, but it also_puts_peoples_lives_at_risk(1)at risk 有风险；处境危险at the risk of. 冒着的危险run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒险(做某事)put.at risk 让处于危险之中(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某
39、事 佳句背诵 He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.他觉得他应该做好每一步的决定，而不是冒险。 get into陷入；染上(坏习惯) 基础练习用get的相关短语填空If you get_into trouble, we are willing to help you out.A smile can help us get_through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.After Christma
40、s Im going to get_down_to some serious jobhunting.能力提升完成句子回顾过去的几年，朋友给了我那么多的帮助，我才能克服我不得不面对的困难。Looking back on my past few years，friends gave me so much help that I could get_over_difficulties which I had to face with.(1)get into debt 负债累累get into trouble 陷入困境；惹上麻烦get into the habit of 养成的习惯(2)get acr
41、oss 使被理解get along with 与相处get over 克服；恢复get down to 开始做 佳句背诵 I have got into the habit of playing basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life. 我已经养成了打篮球的习惯，因为它给了我力量去面对生活中的挑战。(2018全国卷书面表达) “do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句；“asadj.a(n)单数可数名词as.”结构 (教材P18)I do hope so because
42、 I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。基础练习单句语法填空(2019全国卷书面表达)I do sincerely hope that you can take my application into account at your earliest convenience.To our joy, he did manage to finish the task ahead of schedule.We wanted him to have _as full a life
43、 as possible, not different from what we want for our other two sons.As a matter of fact, I cant afford as expensive a car as his.能力提升微写作(2018全国卷书面表达)在我们校园里，打乒乓球和踢足球一样受欢迎。Playing pingpong is as_popular_an_activity_as playing football in our campus.(1)“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合
44、以下条件：句子是肯定句；句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。 (2)asadj.a(n)单数可数名词as.像一样 佳句背诵 I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt the proverb to serve as a reminder.我很珍惜这个受教育的机会，我总是用这句谚语来提醒自己。The young man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa. 这个年轻人希望过和他爷爷一样简朴的生活。.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2019北京卷
45、)They are extremely important in the safe and effective(effect) running of our programmes.2(2018浙江卷6月)He said that if he quit(quit) the job, he would lose his drive to work and succeed.3(2018全国卷)The city was crowded with disappointed(disappoint) people with no interest in settling down.4In the quest
46、ionnaire, the subjects are questioned whether they advocate banning(ban) cars in the city center.5A regular and busy life is wonderful, although its hard and stressful(stress)6He only gave an embarrassed(embarrass) smile when I spilled the water onto him.7I was once ashamed to_admit(admit) my weakne
47、ss, but now I have no such feeling.8They hurried to catch the train due to_leave(leave) at 4：15 in the afternoon.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1We made a great deal of money, so we decided that it was time to_set(set) sail for home.2He doesnt want to take a risk of losing his job, especially sinc
48、e he became the main source of familys income.3Generally speaking, boys are addicted to_playing(play) computer games while girls prefer chatting online.4Due to the fast rhythm of modern life, more and more people are living under great stress.5(2019北京卷书面表达)We do hope there will be more meaningful ac
49、tivities in the coming future.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1The manager is desperate for a relaxing holiday after a years work. adj.渴望的2His parents disapproval didnt weaken his determination to go abroad. vt.动摇3(2017北京卷阅读B)TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing, bringing a uniqu
50、e combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month. n成功；红极一时的事提能一语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式) (一)Adolescents usually feel like 1.deciding(decide)on everything themselves, especially when they feel 2.stressed(stress). And when they meet with problems connected with sex, they
51、will feel 3.ashamed(shame) and embarrassed. In their spare time, they may 4.automatically(automatic) become addicted to 5.playing(play) computer games or smoking cigarettes, the latter of which, particularly, will hurt their 6.lungs(lung). (二)When at meeting, the manager often stressed the importanc
52、e of honesty, and banned his staff 1.from telling lies. However, he himself often 2.abused(abuse) his power, which annoyed the staff much. Therefore, when he quit 3.working(work) as a manager, all the workers were wildly cheerful.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是李华，由于各种原因，你校的许多同学养成了熬夜的习惯，熬夜会对健康造成很大的危
53、害。请你以“The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late”为题，写一篇英语短文，给你校英文内刊投稿，以使熬夜的同学认识到熬夜的危害并改掉这一不良习惯。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)由于各种原因，许多学生养成了熬夜的习惯。For various reasons, many students have_got_into_the_habit_of_staying_up_late熬夜是个坏习惯，对健康有很坏的影响。Staying up late is a bad habit, which_has_bad_effects_on_our_health熬夜不仅导致
54、缺乏精力而且使我们头疼并无法在课上专心致志。It will not only lead_to_a_lack_of_energy but also cause us to suffer from headaches and be unable to concentrate on our lessons.长期熬夜会减弱记忆，并对视力和肝脏有害。Longtime staying up late will weaken_our_memory,_and do harm to eyesight as well as liver.习惯熬夜的人可能会患有其他疾病。Those_who_are_accustome
55、d_to_staying_up_late_are_more_likely_to_suffer_from_other_diseases.是我们停止熬夜并采用健康的生活方式的时候了。It_is_high_time_that_we_adopted_a_healthy_lifestyle_and_quitted/gave_up_staying_up_late.2升级平淡句用定语从句升级句There_are_various_reasons_why_many_students_have_got_into_the_habit_of_staying_up_late.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：a
56、ctually, to begin with, additionally, whats worse, therefore)_One possible version：The Harmful Effects of Staying Up LateThere are various reasons why many students have got into the habit of staying up late. Actually, staying up late is a bad habit, which has bad effects on our health.To begin with
57、, it will not only lead to a lack of energy but also cause us to suffer from headaches and be unable to concentrate on our lessons. Additionally, longtime staying up late will weaken our memory, and do harm to eyesight as well as liver. Whats worse, those who are accustomed to staying up late are mo
58、re likely to suffer from other diseases.Therefore, it is high time that we adopted a healthy lifestyle and quitted/gave up staying up late. (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020金华高三模拟)Among all the superfoods and fashionable diets, one style of eating consistently comes out on top as the best: the Mediterranean di
59、et. In 2019, it was ranked as the best diet to try by US. News & World Report.The Mediterranean diet places an emphasis on fresh, colorful eating and avoids heavily processed ingredients(原料). This way of eating focuses on foods like olive oil, nuts, fruits and vegetables, legumes, whole grains and f
60、ish. Wine is part of the typical Mediterranean diet, too, but you should drink it in a small quantity. This style of diet can also include some milk, chicken and duckbut, like wine, these are usually limited.In a 2013 study in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers found that people on a M
61、editerranean diet were far less likely to have a heart attack, stroke or other cardiovascular(心血管的) event than people who ate a lowfat diet. The study participants who ate a Mediterranean diet together with olive oil or nuts saw their risk of cardiovascular disease drop by 30 percent.In another stud
62、y, those who most closely followed a Mediterranean diet had a lower body mass index(BMI) and better body shape than those who adapted the diets style the least. This is likely because the diet is high in vitamin C and vitamin E. Also, its packed with fiber, a nutrient known for keeping you full.A 20
63、16 review of 18 studies in Frontiers in Nutrition found that eating Mediterranean, like having an antiaging journey, was associated with less cognitive(认知的) decline, reduced risk of Alzheimers disease, and better memory and controlling function. Additional research in the journal Neurology likened t
64、he diets effects to reducing the brains age by five years.With all of these privileges, it makes sense that you may want to start a Mediterranean diet.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了地中海饮食的优势。1Which of the following belongs to the Mediterranean diet?APlenty of milk products.BColorful heavily processed foods.CEnough fr
65、esh fruits, vegetables and legumes.DLarge amounts of whole grain, fish and wine.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“This way of eating focuses on foods like olive oil, nuts, fruits and vegetables, legumes, whole grains and fish.”可知，新鲜水果、蔬菜和豆类属于地中海饮食。2What does the underlined word “likened” in paragraph 5 probably me
66、an?AEnjoyed.BWeakened.CIncreased. DCompared.D解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句和对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要在说明地中海饮食的优势，结合语境“Additional research”可推知，此处是进一步佐证这种观点。结合画线词所在句句意可推知，画线词有“类比”的含义，故选D。3What is the purpose of the author in writing this text?ATo introduce a wellreceived diet.BTo persuade the readers to eat regularly.CTo st
67、ress the importance of eating well.DTo describe different diets and their effects.A解析：写作意图题。根据首段点题和最后一段“With all of these privileges, it makes sense that you may want to start a Mediterranean diet.”以及文章的其他内容可推知，本文旨在推荐一种受欢迎的饮食方式，即地中海饮食，故选A。BOn average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of
68、 a computer or other electronic devices(设备) and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.Using an electr
69、onic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at social media puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains, is important for critical(有判断力的) thinking, problemsolving and decisionmaking.So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature, Strayer
70、 claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15，000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, e
71、at and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example. He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says
72、she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both shortterm and longterm exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps
73、it to remember better. However, he found, it is the longterm contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了如今长时间使用电子设备对大脑的危害，鼓励人们放下
74、这些电子设备，去户外让大脑休息一下。4What is David Strayers opinion?AAmericans dislike outdoor activities.BElectronic equipment should be quitted.CNew technologies are a doubleedged sword.DElectronic equipment brings great convenience.C解析：推理判断题。依据第一段可知，David Strayer认为过多使用电子设备导致大脑疲劳，第二段中的“answer emails, listen to the
75、news and look at social media”暗示着电子设备给我们生活带来的便利，因此科技有利有弊，选项C正确。5What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?AReborn. BMemorable.CRemarkable. DTiring.A解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在段中作者举了Carl的例子，说明户外活动能使他放松并更好地工作，作者提到的“Kate Somers is another example.two children.”暗示着Kate与家人在户外的活动也给了她活力，因此选A项。画线词表示“有再生作用的，有再造能力
76、的”。6Which is the proper title for the passage?AElectronic Equipment Harms the BrainBGood Rest Develops Good MemoryCTips on Using New TechnologiesDBeing in Nature Is Good for the BrainD解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，长时间盯着看或使用电子设备对大脑不利，作者鼓励人们放下这些高科技产品到大自然中去，给大脑一个休息时间。文中更是用Carl和Kate的例子说明走进大自然给大脑带来的益处，因此选项D适合作本文标题。【难句
77、分析】Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at social media puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains, is important for critical(有判断力的) thinking, problemsolving and decisionmaking.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。主句使用了动名词短语Using an electronic device作主语；wh
78、ich引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the front of the brain。译文：Strayer解释说，使用电子设备来回复邮件、听新闻、看社交媒体给大脑前端(前额叶)带来了很大的压力，这个区域对批判思考、解决问题和作决策都至关重要。.完形填空(2020杭州诊断)I recently visited India to meet women with AIDS. Having AIDS is considered as a mark of disgrace and the punishment is abandonment. Most of these women had been _1_
79、 by their family.What I _2_ most is how much they wanted to touch me and be touched as if physical _3_ somehow proved their _4_I spent time with the dying and saw rows of cots(折叠床). Every cot was _5_ except for one in the corner, so I went there, hoping to provide some help. The _6_ was a woman in h
80、er 30s. She had _7_ eyes and was skinny._8_， I suddenly felt helpless. I had nothing to _9_ her. I couldnt save her, either.I _10_ down and reached out to touch herand when she _11_ my hand, she grabbed it and wouldnt let go. We had been there together for a while when she pointed upwards. It took m
81、e some time to _12_ that she wanted to go up to the roof and sit outside. It was getting _13_ and the sun was going down, and no one seemed _14_ to take her upstairs.I carried her up. She sat on a chair, facing the west and watching the _15_. I reminded the workers to _16_ her later. Then I had to l
82、eave. But she never _17_ me.Sometimes its the people you cant help who _18_ you the most. Optimism isnt a passive expectation that things will get better. It is a(n) _19_ that we can make things better and we can help people if we dont lose hope and dont look _20_【解题导语】我到印度去看望那些患有艾滋病、被家庭抛弃的妇女。在那里我遇到
83、一位女病人，她要我带她到屋顶，我将她带到上面，然后就离开了，但是这个人却永远留在了我的心中。我由此次经历明白，只要心存希望并且不随便放弃，我们终究会使事情变好，帮助到别人。1A.beatenBabandonedCscolded DcheatedB解析：根据上文中的“the punishment is abandonment”可知，这些妇女中大多数已经被她们的家人抛弃了。故选B。2A.value BcomplainCremember DwonderC解析：根据文章开头的“I recently visited India”可知，文章叙述的是作者的回忆。由此可知，这里表示“我”记得最清楚的就是她们很
84、想要触碰“我”并被触碰。故选C。3A.excitement BcollisionCpleasure DcontactD解析：根据该空前的“touch me and be touched”可知，她们希望和“我”有身体接触(contact)，好像这样能以某种方式证明她们的价值(worth)。4A.birth BfailureCworth DfutureC解析：参见上题解析。5A.occupied BattendedCmade DcoveredB解析：根据该空后的“hoping to provide some help”可知，每个折叠床(的病人)都有人照看，除了角落里的一个，所以“我”希望能给这个床
85、的病人一些帮助。B项意为“看护，照料”，故选B。6A.patient BwitnessCnurse DworkerA解析：根据第一段第一句中的“women with AIDS”可知，这里住的都是身患艾滋病的病人。故选A。7A.shining BbeautifulCsorrowful DgreedyC解析：根据语境以及该空后的“skinny”可知，她有着悲伤的眼睛且骨瘦如柴。故选C。8A.Otherwise BHoweverCInstead DBesidesB解析：根据上文的“hoping to provide some help”以及该空后的“I suddenly felt helpless”
86、可知，本来“我”想帮助她，但突然发现“我”无能为力。此处与上文构成转折关系，故选B。9A.entertain BprotectCconvince DofferD解析：根据上文的“I suddenly felt helpless”并结合该空后的“I couldnt save her, either.”可知，“我”什么也给不了她。故选D。10A.knelt BcalmedCwent DjumpedA解析：根据该空后的“reached out to touch her”可推知，“我”跪下来(knelt down)，然后伸手去触碰她。故选A。11A.pushed BfeltCshook Dwarmed
87、B解析：根据该空前的“touch her”以及该空后的“she grabbed it and wouldnt let go”可知，当“我”用手触碰她的时候，她感觉到了“我”的手，并且抓住它，不肯松开。故选B。12A.figure out Bget acrossCpoint out Dput downA解析：根据空后的“she wanted to go up to the roof”可推知，“我”花了一些时间，才弄明白她是要到屋顶上去坐一坐。A项意为“弄明白”，故选A。B项意为“解释清楚，传达”；C项意为“指出”；D项意为“记下，写下”。13A.clear BcloudyClate Dwindy
88、C解析：根据该空后的“the sun was going down”可知，天已经很晚了。故选C。14A.brave BdeterminedCconfident DwillingD解析：根据语境由于天很晚了，所以似乎没有人愿意带她到外面去。故选D。15A.night BsunsetCroof DperformanceB解析：根据上文的“the sun was going down”可知，她坐在椅子上，面朝西方，看着日落。故选B。16A.treat BsaveCcomfort DfetchD解析：根据空后的“I had to leave”可知，“我”要走了，所以“我”提醒工作人员稍后去将她接回来。
89、故选D。17A.left BforgotCforgave DthankedA解析：根据空前的“I had to leave”和语境可推知，虽然“我”离开了她，但是她却仍然在“我”心中，没有离开。故选A。18A.challenge BconfuseCsatisfy DinspireD解析：结合上文内容可知，有时候，正是那些你无法给予帮助的人，给你的启发最大。inspire意为“启发思考”，故选D。19A.opportunity BpromiseCbelief DintentionC解析：根据空前一句可知，乐观不是被动地期待事情会变好。它是一种信念，即如果我们心存希望，不看向别处(即放弃)，那么我们就能够将事情变好，能够帮助到别人。故选C。20A.away BupCout DbackA解析：参见上题解析。