1、Module 6 War and PeaceSection Integrating Skills&Cultural Corner练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读先读通Winston Churchills SpeechesWinston Churchill is well-known as a statesman，politician and as the British Prime Minister during most of the Second World War.He is especially famous for his speeches which many believe m
2、ade people even more determined to defeat the enemy.Many of these speeches contained lineswhich are remembered even today.Churchill made one of his greatest speeches in 1940,when he was invited to become Prime Minister of Britain，and the leader of a new government.The country had been at war for ove
3、r eight months,and he knew that it would suffer many great defeats before it would begin to win the war.So on 13 May 1940 he promised the House of Commons：“I would say to the House，as I said to those who have joined the Government，I have nothing to offer but blood，toil，tears and sweat.”A month later
4、，the Germany army had advanced across northern Europe,and the British Army had retreated to the coast of the English Channel.The only escape was to cross the sea back to England.Hundreds of small boats set out from ports on the English coast to bring back21 the soldiers from the beaches of Dunkirk i
5、n France.But Churchill encouraged22 people that this was only a temporary23 defeat in a speech which included the words24，“We shall fight on the beaches,we shall fight on the landing grounds,we shall fight in the fields and in the streets,we shall fight in the hills;we shall never surrender25.”On 18
6、 June 1940,Churchill gave another fine speech when he drew attention to26 the courage of everyone defending Britain27.“In years to come，”he said,“.men will say，This was their finest hour.”The Germans continued their attacks on Britain from the air.A small number of28 pilots resisted29 the much large
7、r German Air Force.Germany lost many airplanes,and was forced to30change their strategy31.Britain was no longer threatened by an early invasion32，and on 20 August 1940,he said,“Never in the field of human conflict33 was so much owed by so many to so few34.”In two years，Germany began to lose some imp
8、ortant battles.After a defeat in North Africa,on 10 November 1942 he made a speech with the famous words,“Now this is not the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.But it is,perhaps,the end of the beginning.”Many people believe that Churchills leadership 35inspired36 people to remain brave in
9、the face of37 Nazi Germany.His speeches are still remembered and quoted38 today,and remain some of the finest examples of spoken English39.再记住be well-known as 作为而闻名statesman stetsmn n.政治家be famous for 因而知(出)名句中含有“make 宾语 宾补”结构。defeat vt.击败；战胜which 引导定语从句，修饰 his speeches。lines n.内容；台词which 引导定语从句，修饰
10、lines。when 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 in 1940。at war 处于战争状态suffer v.遭受suffer from 忍受的煎熬that 从句作 knew 的宾语；before“在之前”，引导时间状语从句。promise v.允诺；答应promise to do sth.答应去做某事the House of Commons 下议院as conj.正如who 引导定语从句，修饰 those。toil tl n.辛劳；辛苦retreat rtri t v.撤退；后退escape n.逃生(方法)set out 动身，出发(set out for 动身去)set out to d
11、o 着手做set off 动身21 bring back 带回来；使回忆起来22 encourage nkrd v.鼓舞；鼓励encourage sb.to do 鼓励某人去做23 temporary adj.暂时的24 which 引导定语从句，修饰 a speech。25 surrender srend v.投降26 draw(ones)attention to 使(某人)注意到27 现在分词短语 defending Britain 作后置定语。28 a small number of 少量的；一小部分29 resist v.抵抗；抵挡resist doing 抵抗/反对做30 be fo
12、rced to do 被迫去做31 strategy strtdi n.策略；战略32 invasion n.入侵；侵略33 conflict n.冲突；战争34 否定副词 never 位于句首表示强调，句子用部分倒装结构。35 leadership n.领导才能；领导层36 inspire v.激励inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事37 in the face of 面对38 quote kwt v.引用；引述39 spoken English 英语口语再翻译温斯顿丘吉尔的演讲温斯顿丘吉尔在二战的大部分时间都以他作为政治家以及英国首相而闻名于世。尤其著名的是他的演讲，许
13、多人深信他的演讲甚至让人们产生了更加坚定的决心来打败敌人。这些演讲中的许多内容至今还会被记起。在 1940 年，当他被邀请去做英国首相和新政府的领导人时，丘吉尔发表了他最伟大的演讲之一。当时国家已经应战八个多月了，他知道在开始赢取战争之前，他们还要遭受许多大的失败。于是在 1940 年 5 月 13 日，他向下议院承诺：“我会对议会说，正如我对那些加入到政府工作中的人说的那样，我没有什么可以奉献，除了热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。”一个月后，德国军队已经向欧洲北部进军，英国军队已经撤退到英吉利海峡的海岸上。唯一可以逃生的方法就是越过海峡回到英国。数百艘小船从英国海岸的港口出发，把位于法国敦刻尔克海岸
14、的士兵们接回来。但是丘吉尔在一次演讲中鼓励人们说这只是暂时的失败，他说：“我们会在海岸上战斗，我们会在陆地上战斗，我们会在田野里和街巷中战斗，我们会在山上战斗；我们永远不投降。”在 1940 年 6 月 18 日，当丘吉尔号召每个人都要有保卫英国的勇气时，他作了另一场精彩的演讲。他讲道：“在不久的将来人们会说，这是他们最美好的时刻。”德军继续对英国进行空袭。少数的飞行员抵抗数目大得多的德国空军。德军损失了许多飞机，并且被迫改变他们的战略。英国不再受到早期入侵的威胁，在 1940 年 8 月 20 日，他说：“在人类战争史上，从来没有一次像这样，以如此少的兵力取得如此大的成功。”两年后，德国开始
15、在一些重要的战役中失利。在北非战场失败后，1942 年 11 月 10 日，他作了演讲，其中有一些名言：“现在还不是结束的时候，它甚至还不算是结束的前奏，但可能是开始的结束。”许多人相信丘吉尔的领导才能激励着人们面对纳粹德军时仍能英勇作战。今天，他的演讲仍被铭记和引用，并且其中一些还成为英语口语中的范例。通语篇 学理解 重分析2 语篇理解.Read the text on P79 and choose the best answers according to the text.1When the author and his companions entered the village,th
16、ey hesitated because _.Amany of their friends were killed by the enemyBthere might still have been many enemy soldiersCthe enemy had abandoned the villageDthe rest of their company hadnt arrived2According to the text,what made the author and his companions feel astonished?AReceiving the confidential
17、 orders to join the D-Day landing troops.BFive men with guns gathering around them.CSome women appearing and kissing them in the village.DFinding themselves outside a peaceful village in France.3The author felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile because_.Athe villagers treated them lik
18、e heroesBthey checked that the village was safeCthey drank and cheered with the villagersDthe villagers gave them perfume for their girlfriends.答案：13 BDA.Read the text on P83 and choose the best answers according to the text.1Why were the armed UN peacekeepers sent to the Middle East in 1957?ABecaus
19、e they wanted to see what was happening there.BBecause they wanted to protect the Suez Canal.CBecause they wanted to settle a dispute about the Suez Canal.DThe British was fighting against Egyptians.2From the passage we can conclude that _.Athere were more international disputes before 2000Bthere we
20、re less international disputes during the 1990sCthere were more international disputes after 2000Dthere was almost no international dispute in the year of 19953Which of the following is NOT right?AThe UN peacekeepers wear sky-blue helmets.BThe UN peacekeepers are soldiers sent from different countri
21、es.CAll UN peacekeeping operations are not successful.DThe UN plays an important part in keeping world peace.4The author wrote this passage in order to _.Apraise United Nations for its contribution to the world peaceBcall for peace for all human beingsCgive us some information about the UN peacekeep
22、ersDtell us how United Nations was founded答案：14 CCBC记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理重点词汇基础词汇1._ n 观点2._ n 混乱的局面3._ v 装备；武装4._ prep.不管；不顾viewmess armdespite 重点词汇拓展词汇5._ adj.无意义的；欠思考的sense n感觉；感官 vt.感觉到；明白；了解6._ n.勇气；胆量encourage v.鼓舞；鼓励discourage vt.使泄气7._ adj.难忘的；特别的；值得回忆的memory n记忆力；回忆；记忆memorialn纪念碑；纪念馆memorize v
23、.记住；记录；记下senseless courage memorable 重点词汇拓展词汇8._ v.卸下load v.&n.装载；负担9._ n.解放liberate v解放；使获自由10._ adj.值得做的；有价值的；有用的worthy adj.有价值的；有意义的worth adj.值；相等于的价值worthless adj.无价值的；不值钱的11._ v引用；引述quotation n.引文；引语12._ n.争论；矛盾；意见不合agree vt.一致；赞同agreement n一致；赞成；同意disagree vi.不一致；不符合；意见相左unload liberation wort
24、hwhile quote disagreement 重点词汇拓展词汇13.afterwards adv._ 14.drop v._15.bomb n._16.campaign n._17.station n._ 18.chain n._ 19.image n._ 20.chaos n._21.sacrifice n._后来扔下；投下炸弹作战行动；军事行动根据地；驻扎地；基地链条；铁链影像混乱；无秩序牺牲重点词汇拓展词汇pany n._23.baggage n._24.confidential adj._25.scissors n._26.shave v&n._27.stockings n._2
25、8.tractor n._29.chin n._30.moustache n._(陆军的)连；连队(军队的)行装；行李机密的；秘密的剪刀刮胡子(常复)(女式)长袜拖拉机下巴；下颌小胡子；髭重点词汇拓展词汇31.carrot n._32.cheers int._33.constitution n._34.surrender v._35.strategy n._36.quote v._37.helmet n._38.peacekeeper n._39.personnel n._40.civilian n._胡萝卜(用于祝酒)祝你健康！宪法投降策略；战略引用；引述头盔维和人员全体人员平民；文职人员重
26、点短语1._ 令某人惊讶的是2_ 卷入；涉及3 _ 连续的；一系列的4 _ 为祝酒；为干杯5 _ 作为报答6 _ 交战7 _ 出发8 _ 引起对的注意to ones astonishment be involved in a sequence of drink to in return at war set out draw attention to 重点短语1.the序数词(n.)to do James Ryan is the fourth brother _(被卷入)the Second World War.2too.to do 太而不能I was _(太害羞了以至于没有承认)that I
27、 was _(太小了还没有)a girlfriend.to be involved in too ashamed to admit too young to have 重点短语3nothing(.)but 只不过是；除了都没有I _(没 有 别 的 只 有 付 出)blood,toil,tears and sweat.4否定副词置于句首，句子部分倒装_(在人类战争史上从来没有)so much owed by so many to so few.have nothing to offer but Never in the field of human conflict was 研词汇 析句型 练
28、拓展4 要点透析1view n风景；景色C;(个人的)看法C；视野Uvt.把视为；看；观看(教材 P77)Which paragraph contains the writers personal view of the film?哪一段包含了作者对这个电影的个人看法？归纳拓展(1)in view of 鉴于；考虑到in ones view 在某人看来(2)come into view 看得见have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览take/hold the view that.持的观点(3)view.as.把看作一词多义写出下列句中 view 的含义(北京卷)While cl
29、imbing the mountain，we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view._I can only give you a personal view of how we can live life to the full._(2016全国卷)Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable._风景观点；见解认为(2016全国卷)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and g
30、ain knowledge we cannot get from books._视野能力提升补全句子_(鉴于)the present situation,well have to change our original plan._(依我看),you should follow your teachers advice.As the car approached the town center，several tall buildings _(进入视野)Standing at the top of the mountain，we are able to _(清楚地看到)the beautifu
31、l scenery of the whole city.In view of In my view came into view have a good view of 2to ones astonishment 令某人惊讶的是(教材 P79)To our astonishment，just two days after we had received our confidential orders to join the D-Day landing troops.使我们吃惊的是，就在我们接到加入 D 日登陆部队的机密命令后两天归纳拓展(1)in astonishment 吃惊地(2)asto
32、nish v使吃惊astonishing adj.令人惊讶的astonished adj.感到惊讶的名师指津(1)当表示“使某人感到非常的是”时用 to ones greatn.或 much to onesn.或 much to then.of.表示。(2)“to ones情感类名词”构成的其他常见短语：to ones delight/joy 令某人高兴的是；to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是；to ones sorrow 令某人伤心的是；to ones anger 令某人生气的是；to ones relief 令某人欣慰的是；to ones surprise 令某人
33、惊讶的是。基础训练单句语法填空The _(astonish)look on his face told us that he felt _(astonish)to be asked such a question.(辽宁卷)We were astonished _(find)the temple still in its original condition.After hearing the news,she stared at me in _(astonish)astonished astonished to find astonishment 能力提升句式升级(普通表达)The boy
34、lifted the big rock without effort and this astonished me.(高级表达)_ the boy lifted the big rock without effort.(主语从句)(高级表达)_,the boy lifted the big rock without effort.(astonishment)What made me astonished was that To my astonishment 3worthwhile adj.值得做的；有价值的；有用的(教材 P79)But the villagers treated us li
35、ke heroes，and for a brief moment，I felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile.但是村民们把我们当成英雄来对待，一瞬间，我觉得所有的恐惧和危险都是值得的。归纳拓展(1)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做(2)be(well)worth doing sth.(非常)值得做某事(3)be worthy of sth.值得be worthy of being done/to be done 值得做基础训练单句语法填空I dont think it is worthw
36、hile _(take)the trouble to explain the question to him.This article is well worth _(read),but it is not worthy _(translate)taking/to take reading to be translated 能力提升 一句多译这本由著名作家写的书值得一读。_ the book written by the famous writer.(worthwhile)The book written by the famous writer _.(worth)The book writt
37、en by the famous writer _.(worthy)It is worthwhile reading/to read is worth reading is worthy of being read/to be read 4despite prep.不管；不顾(教材 P83)The UN couldnt stop a terrible civil war in the African state of Rwanda in 1995，despite warnings of the dangers from nearby states.1995 年联合国没能制止非洲国家卢旺达的严重
38、内战，尽管周边国家发出了危险警告。归纳拓展despitein spite of 尽管despite/in spite of the fact that.尽管 名师指津despite(in spite of)为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作让步状语，不接从句(what 从句除外)；而 though,although 或 as 是从属连词，引导让步状语从句。基础训练单句语法填空(天津卷)_ the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.(福建卷)_spite of ups and
39、 downs,she never takes her fate lying down.Despite In 能力提升 一句多译尽管天气不好，飞机还是起飞了。_,the plane took off.(although)The plane took off _.(despite/in spite of)The plane took off _.(in spite of the fact that)Although the weather was bad despite/in spite of the bad weather in spite of the fact that the weathe
40、r was bad(教材 P81)Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.在人类战争史上，从来没有一次像这样，以如此少的兵力取得如此大的成功。句中的 never 为否定副词，位于句首时句子要部分倒装。其正常语序为：So much owed by so many to so few was never in the field of human conflict.归纳拓展否定副词及表示否定意义的介词短语如 seldom，rarely，nor，little，hardly，not，scarc
41、ely，nowhere，at no time，in no case，by no means，on no condition 等位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。名师指津not.until；no sooner.than；hardly.when；not only.，but also.等句式中的 not until，no sooner，hardly，not only 位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。基础训练单句语法填空/单句改错(2016 江 苏 卷)Not until recently _ they encourage the development of tourist-related activiti
42、es in the rural areas.Its nice.Never before I had such a special drink!Im glad you like it._did before后加have 能力提升句式升级(普通表达)You should on no condition lose heart when you are in trouble.(高级表达)_.(倒装句)On no condition should you lose heart when you are in trouble 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练.单词拼写1He managed to fin
43、ish the work on time _(尽管)his lack of experience.2He didnt have the _(勇气)to apologise for his wrong action.3How to solve the problem of employment is a very _(有价值的)thought.despite courage worthwhile 4There is some _(意见不合)as to whether the disease is curable.5Her parents made many _(牺牲)so that she co
44、uld go to university.6We were greatly _(鼓励)by the positive response of the public.7I take the _(观点)that we should put less money into nuclear weapons.disagreement sacrifices encouraged view 8I ran toward the old woman and helped her _(卸下)her bag.9This anti-smoking _(活动)is mainly aimed at young teena
45、gers.10 It would be a great idea if you travelled in the_(陪伴)of someone who is familiar with these regions.unload campaign company.完成句子1令我非常惊讶的是，他在这次事故中没有表现出一丝恐惧。_,he showed no fear in the accident.2尽管天气不好，昨天晚上看那场电影是值得的。_,it was worthwhile _ last night.Much to my astonishment/To my great astonishmen
46、t Despite the bad weather to see/seeing the film 3因为雾霾所有的航班都被取消了，许多乘客只能等。All flights had been cancelled because of the fog and haze,many passengers could _.4直到昨天约翰才改变了主意。Not until yesterday _.5我全神贯注地在看书，没听到你敲门。_ I didnt hear your knock.do nothing but wait did John change his mind I was so involved i
47、n my book that.课文语篇改错If you see soldier wearing sky-blue helmets,they are United Nations peacekeepers.The idea of UN peacekeepers begin more than 60 years ago.The first UN peacekeepers sent to the Middle East in 1948.They only went to see which was happening,and was not armed.Then in 1957 the first
48、armed UN peacekeepers went to the Middle East.After then,there have been more than 50 UN peacekeeping operations.In 2003,there were fifteen,involve nearly 37,000 personnel.UN peacekeepers have been included soldiers and other personnels from more than 120 countries.There have been much UN peacekeepi
49、ng successes,but also some failures.答案：If you see wearing sky-blue helmets,they are United Nations peacekeepers.The idea of UN peacekeepers more than 60 years ago.The first UN peacekeepers sent to the Middle East in 1948.They only went to see was happening，and not armed.Then in 1957 the first armed
50、UN peacekeepers went to the Middle East.then,there have been more than 50 UN peacekeeping operations.In 2003,there were fifteen，nearly 37,000 personnel.UN peacekeepers have included soldiers and other from more than 120 countries.There have been UN peacekeeping successes,but also some failures.word部分：请做：6课时作业练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块