1、Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe话 题 导 读导语：要想成为一名合格的宇航员，就必须身体健康、热爱科学并且擅长飞行。It is interesting how NASA chose their astronauts for landing on the moon.They chose men between the age of twenty and thirty-five.There were about fifty of them.Many were experienced(有经验的，熟练的)air pilots.Others were scien
2、tists with two or three degrees.NASA telephoned each man they were going to choose and told them the dangers they might get in.They then asked him if he was willing to be trained as an astronaut.“How could any man refuse such an exciting job？”The health and physical conditions of pilots were,of cour
3、se,very necessary.Only those in very good health and physical condition were chosen.While being trained to be astronauts,they went through many courses.They studied the star and the moon,and they also studied geology,the science of rocks.They were all trained to fly in helicopters.These helicopters
4、landed directly down to give them some experience of the way the spaceship would really land on the moon.They were also taught the unknown facts about the conditions in space.They visited the scientists and engineers who designed the spaceships and rockets.They visited the factories where the spaces
5、hips and rockets were built.They learnt how every part of a spaceship and its instruments work.They also learnt every detail of the ground-control system.In a word,to be chosen as an astronaut,one must be in good health,well-informed in science and good at piloting.Section Introduction&Reading and V
6、ocabularyComprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读先读通 Space:the Final FrontierPart 1Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot onthe Moon back on 21st July,1969，people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel.Millions of people watched that first moon landing on television，their hearts in their mouths，
7、aware of how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was，and what risks had to be taken.With Armstrongs now famous words：“Thats one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，a dream was achieved.All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth，using a spaceship computer that was much less powe
8、rful than the ones used by the average school students today.There were several more journeys into space over the next few years but the single spaceships were very expensive as they could not take off more than once.People were no longer so enthusiastic about a space travel programme that was costi
9、ng the United States$10 million a day.That was until the arrival of the space shuttlea spacecraft that could be used for several journeys.Thefirst shuttle flight into space was the Columbialaunched from the Kennedy Space Centre on 12th April,1981.The aim of this flight was to test the new shuttle sy
10、stem，to go safely up into orbit and to return to the Earth for a safe landing.It was a success and a little more than a decade after Apollo 11s historic voyage，the Columbia made a safe，controlled，aeroplane-style landing in California.This was the start of a new age of space travel.By the time the Ch
11、allenger took off in 1986，the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazingachievement of people going up into space.But this was going to be a special flight and so millions of people tunedin to witnessthe take-off on TV21.An ordinary teacher，Christa McAuliffe,37，who was married with
12、 two children22，was to be the first civilian in space.She was going to give two fifteen-minute lessons from space.The first was to show the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked23.The second was to describe the aims of the Challenger space programme.Christa hoped to communicate24
13、 a sense of excitement and create25 new interest in the space programme.Sadly，she never came back to her classroom again，as the shuttle exploded26 just over a minute after taking off in Florida and all seven astronauts were killed.The world was in shock27maybe they assumed28 this space flight would
14、be no more dangerous than getting on29 an aeroplane.But how wrong they werein one moment excitement and success turned into30 fear and disaster.It was the worst space accident ever.As one Russian said at the time31，“When something like this happens we are neither Russians nor32 Americans.We are just
15、 human beings who have the same feelings33.”Part 2I can remember that day so clearly，watching the take-off on TV at school34.There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger，and we were all very excited.We didnt have much patience35waiting for the launch.We had seen the smiling faces of the astronaut
16、s waving to the world36 as they stepped into37 the shuttle.Then，little more than a minute after take-off，we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky，followed by a cloud of white smoke38.The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.It happened so quickly and everyone was i
17、n a state of39shock.Like every schoolboy I had thought that going into space as an astronaut40 must be the best job in the world.When I heard，a few weeks later，that the bodies of the astronauts and even the teachers lesson plans had been found at the bottom of41 the ocean，I was not so sure it was wo
18、rth it at all.In spite of42 all our advanced43 technology，the world is still only at the very beginning of44 its voyage into space.再记住 set foot on/in 进入；到达accustomedkstmdadj.习惯的become/be accustomed to 习惯于(注意 to 为介词)Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July,1969 是 ever si
19、nce 引导的时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时。aware adj.意识到的；知道的be/become aware of 知道；意识到be/become aware that 知道；注意到risk n&v危险；风险；使面临危险take/run a risk 冒险take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事at risk 处境危险；受到威胁at the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险at your own risk 自担风险；责任自负risk doing.冒险做某事take off(飞机)起飞as they could not take off
20、 more than once 是 as 引导的原因状语从句。be enthusiastic about 对很热情/热心that was costing the United States$10 million a day 是 that引导的定语从句，修饰 a space travel programme。shuttletln.航天飞机that could be used for several journeys 是 that 引导的定语从句，修饰 a spacecraft。to test.，to go.，to return.是三个动词不定式短语作表语。historichIstrIkadj.历
21、史性的；有重大历史意义的historical adj.(有关)历史的age n时期；时代；年龄a new age of.的新纪元by the time“到时候”，引导时间状语从句。amazing adj.惊人的；令人吃惊的amaze v使吃惊amazed adj.吃惊的；惊奇的amazement n惊愕；惊异go up 上升people going up into space 是动名词复合结构，作 of 的宾语。tunetju nv.收看(电视)；收听(广播)tune in(to sth.)收听(收音机广播节目)；收看(电视节目)witnesswItnsv.目击；亲眼看见；亲身经历21 to
22、witness the take-off on TV 是动词不定式短语作目的状语。22 who was married with two children 是 who 引导的非限制性定语从句。23 work v此处意为“起作用”。24 communicate v传达；传递；沟通；交流communicate.to.把传递给communicate.with.与交流25 create vt.创造；设计；引起；产生26 as the shuttle exploded.是 as 引导的原因状语从句。27 shock n震惊in shockin surprise28 assumesju mv.假定；假设2
23、9 get on 上车(船、飞机等)30 turn into 转变为31 As one Russian said at the time 是 as 引导的非限制性定语从句。as 意为“正如”。32 neither.nor.既不也不33 who have the same feelings 是 who 引导的定语从句，修饰human beings。34 watching the take-off on TV at school 是现在分词短语作状语。35 patiencepeInsn.耐心patient n病人 adj.耐心的；能忍耐的patiently adv.耐心地have patience
24、(in)doing sth.做某事有耐心36 seen the smiling faces of.是“see宾语宾补”结构。waving to the world 是现在分词短语作宾语补足语。37 step into 进入；步入38 followed by a cloud of white smoke 是过去分词短语作伴随状语。39 in a state of.in a.state 处于一种的状态/状况40 动名词短语 going into space as an astronaut 作主语。41 at the bottom of 在的底部42 in spite of 不管 in spite
25、ofdespite43 advanceddv nstadj.高级的；先进的44 at the very beginning of 在一开始的时候再翻译 太空：最后的疆域第一部分自从尼尔阿姆斯特朗在 1969 年 7 月 21 日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经非常熟悉。数百万的人们从电视上观看了首次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼，因为他们知道这次冒险是多么艰难和危险，以及要冒什么风险。伴随着阿姆斯特朗这句如今已经非常有名的话：“这是个人的一小步，但是整个人类的一大步”，一个梦想实现了。三名宇航员都安全返回地球，他们当年使用的计算机远不及现在的普通学生所使用的高级。在接下来的几年里，又有
26、几次进入太空的旅行，但是单程宇宙飞船非常昂贵，因为它们只能被使用一次。人们对每天要花掉美国 1 000 万美元的太空旅行计划不再那么热衷了。这种情况一直持续到航天飞机的出现那是一种可以被用来进行多次旅行的航天器。第一个到达太空的航天飞机是“哥伦比亚号”于 1981 年 4 月 12 日发射于肯尼迪航天中心。这次飞行的目的是测试这种新的飞行器，看其是否能够安全进入轨道、返回地球并且安全着陆。距离“阿波罗 11 号”历史性的飞行仅仅十多年的时间，这次航行取得了成功，“哥伦比亚号”在控制下以飞机着陆的方式安全地返回了加利福尼亚。这次飞行开辟了宇宙航行的新纪元。到 1986 年“挑战者号”起飞之前，人
27、们似乎已经沉醉于人类走进太空这一惊人的成就而忘记了恐惧，也失去了好奇。但是这次将是一次特殊的飞行，因此数百万人打开了电视来观看这次起飞。一位 37 岁的普通教师克里斯塔麦奥里菲将要成为第一位进入太空的普通公民，她已经结婚并有两个孩子。她将在太空中上两节 15 分钟的课。第一节课将展示怎么操纵航天器并且解释重力如何作用。第二节课将描述“挑战者号”太空计划的目的。克里斯塔希望能传递此项目的兴奋感并引起人们对太空旅行计划的新兴趣。可悲的是，她再也没有回到她的教室，因为航天飞机在佛罗里达起飞一分多钟后就爆炸了，七名宇航员全部遇难。世界震惊了也许他们原本都认为这次太空飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没什么危险。但是他
28、们都大错特错了一刹那间，兴奋和成功就变成了恐惧和灾难。这是有史以来最为严重的太空事故。正如当时一位苏联人所说：“当这样的事情发生的时候，我们不再有美国人或者苏联人之分，我们只是有着相同感觉的人类。”第二部分我能够清楚地记得那天在学校通过电视观看“挑战者号”起飞的情景。我们都很兴奋，因为有位普通的老师也在“挑战者号”上。我们迫不及待地等着它起飞。当宇航员进入航天飞机的时候，我们看见他们满脸笑容地向世界挥手致意。然后，就在起飞一分钟多一点，我们看到了空中一种奇怪的红色和橙色的光芒，接着就是一团白烟。“挑战者号”在半空爆炸了，我们都开始尖叫起来。事情发生得太突然了，人们都惊呆了。和其他男生一样，我本
29、以为作为一名宇航员进入太空一定是世界上最好的工作。几周之后，当我听说那几位宇航员的遗体以及那位老师的教案在大洋底部被找到的时候，我不再肯定这一切都是值得的。即使我们掌握了现在的全部先进技术，我们这个世界依然只是处于太空旅行的起步阶段。通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解.Read the text and match the main idea of the paragraphs.1Para.1AThe start of a new age of space travel.2Para.2 BThe disaster of the Challenger.3Paras.34 CA students r
30、ecall of the launch of the Challenger.4Para.5 DThe shock of the world at the disaster of the Challenger.5Paras.67EThe first moon landing by Neil Armstrong.答案：15 EABDC.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.1Which of the following is TRUE about the first moon landing
31、?APeople were accustomed to the idea of space travel.BPeople were not excited about it.CIt took off in Kennedy.DIt was a great success.2Why were people not enthusiastic about the space travel programme after the first moon landing?AIt was meaningless.BIt used space shuttles.CIt cost the USA too much
32、 money.DThere were fewer space travelers.3From this passage we can infer that.Aspace flight is still dangerousBspace flight is safeCno one wants to travel into space againDthe space isnt worth exploring4Whats the general idea of this text?AThe final frontier.BSpace journey and its enormous cost.CThe
33、 shuttle.DThe danger of space journey.答案：14 DCAB.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Millions of people watched that first moon landing on television,their hearts in their mouths,aware of how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was,and what risks had to be taken.分析翻译 数百万的人们从电视
34、上观看了首次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼，因为他们知道这次冒险是多么艰难和危险，以及要冒什么风险。2All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth,using a spaceship computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today.分析本句是一个复合句。主句是 All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth;using a spaceship compute
35、r.是现在分词短语作_，a spaceship computer 后面是 that 引导的_从句，其中 used by the average school students today 是过去分词短语作_，修饰 the ones。状语定语定语翻译 三名宇航员都安全返回地球，他们当年使用的计算机远不及现在的普通学生所使用的高级。3When I heard,a few weeks later,that the bodies of the astronauts and even the teachers lesson plans had been found at the bottom of the ocean,I was not so sure it was worth it at all.分析翻译 几周之后，当我听说那几位宇航员的遗体以及那位老师的教案在大洋底部被找到的时候，我不再肯定这一切是值得的。