1、Unit 13 单元主题语篇训练 （课时作业三）.阅读理解AAfter 400 years, William Shakespeare (15641616) is still widely celebrated as a great crafter of language and playwright (剧作家)But he was not the only great master of dramatic writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting impact o
2、n theatre.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is rightly considered Chinas greatest playwright and is highly admired in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province, and worked as a government official until, in 1598 and aged 49, he
3、 retired to focus on writing.Unlike Shakespeares large body of plays and poems, Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, A Dream under a Southern Bough, Dream of Handan and The Peony Pavilion widely considered to be his masterpiece.In the latter three, much of the story is told through
4、dream sequences.Tang used these scenes to explore human emotions in ways that challenged the feudal system of his time.It is a similar dream structure that we find in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream.Tang lived towards the end of the Ming Dynasty (13681644) and, similarly to Shakespeare, his la
5、sting success was partly due to the growth of theatre as an artistic practice during his lifetime.As in Shakespeares England, it became hugely popular in China, with public theatres opening in different cities and traveling performance groups becoming common.Theatrical audiences started to populate
6、open public spaces, and theatre as a popular form of entertainment found its place outside palaces.However, unlike in Shakespeares England, there was hardly any mixing of the rich with commoners at theatrical events.During this time, the way in which playtexts were enjoyed, spread and performed also
7、 changed.Initially, Chinese dramas had an emphasis on poetic language and were distributed in book form, to be read like novels.They were seldom, if ever, performed.However, from the mid16th century, Kunqu opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southern China to become a symbol of Chinese cultu
8、re.While Tang and Shakespeare lived a world away from each other, they share in common the humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汤显祖的作品特点和时代意义。1Why does the writer refer
9、 to Shakespeare throughout this article about Tang?ATo compare the writing styles of the writers.BTo emphasize Tangs importance in literature.CTo assess the achievements of these two great writers.DTo examine the different influences of Tang and Shakespeare.解析：选B推理判断题。全文中作者不断地将莎士比亚和汤显祖对照，以此凸显汤显祖的艺术成
10、就和作用。故选B。2What distinguishes The Purple Hairpin from Tangs other plays?AIt does not rely heavily on dream scenes.BIt is widely considered to be his best work.CIt was the only play to be publicly performed.DIt challenged the feudal system of ancient China.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the latter three, much
11、of the story is told through dream sequences”可知，除去The Purple Hairpin，其余三部戏剧均是通过梦境来讲述的。故选A。3What characteristic was shared by both English and Chinese theatre during Tangs lifetime?AMusic and poetry were present in most performances.BThe popularity of public theatrical performances grew rapidly.CDiff
12、erent social classes often attended the same performances.DMost plays were written to be read as novels rather than performed.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在汤生活的时代，英国和中国歌剧院的共同特点是剧院表演深受欢迎。4Which of the following would the author probably agree with?ATangs plays were superior to his poems.BTang is more wide
13、ly read than Shakespeare.CTang is the best playwright in Chinese history.DTang and Shakespeare knew of each others works.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Tang Xianzu is rightly considered Chinas greatest playwright and is highly admired”可知，汤显祖被认为是中国最伟大的剧作家，故选C。BProfessor Sun Jun, aged 93 in 2018, has devoted his
14、life to working on Chinas giant construction projects, including the QinghaiTibet highway, Three Gorges Dam, and the Yangtze River Tunnel.In his latest project, the Tongji University academic served as a senior adviser on the construction of the Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge.Under the guidance of Sun,
15、 Xu Wei, a professor in Tongji and Suns student, took over technical assistance for the construction of the bridge.“Every time I saw Sun and other professors working on the bridge, I felt at ease，”said Lin Ming, the general project manager.Lin initially invited an experienced Dutch company to serve
16、as the technical assistant for the project.The company wanted to charge US $171 million.He then asked for help from Xu along with experts in Tongji University.The methods developed by Tongji University reduced the impact of the bridge on the Chinese white dolphin, which is under first class state pr
17、otection.The key challenge during the construction of the bridge was the 6.7km underwater tunnel, the worlds longest and deepest undersea tunnel.Ding Wenqi, who was nicknamed the “tunnel expert”， was asked to ensure the tubes be connected perfectly even under the influences of land subsidence (下沉),
18、water pressure and tide movement.Hu Xiangdong, another professor with Tongji, developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage and land subsidence during the digging of the most challenging 2km section of the tunnel.The tunnel section of the project was completed in
19、May 2017.Sun was invited to visit the nearcompleted bridge again in February 2018.The expert said he felt the most relaxed this time since most of the challenges have been conquered.“In the next step, we should focus on how to make the two artificial islands more beautiful and attract travelers，” Su
20、n said.Xu said all the staff in my office took a great pride in watching the TV news of the bridges official opening on Wednesday.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。港珠澳大桥建成正式通车，这一世纪工程的建成离不开所有参与者的智慧与汗水。5What is Professor Suns contribution to the bridge?AHe worked in Tongji University.BHe was the general project manager.C
21、He gave much advice on the project.DHe took over the technical assistance.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“academic served as a senior adviser on the construction”可知，他是港珠澳大桥的高级顾问，因此他应该为这个工程的建设提供了许多建议。故选C。6Why did Lin Ming ask for help from experts in Tongji University?AThe Dutch company charged too much.BThe
22、technical assistant had too much trouble.CTongji University did best in the giant projects.DHe felt relaxed to see professors working on the bridge.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句可知，是因为荷兰公司要价太高，工程总经理林鸣才求助同济大学的专家的。故选A。7Whats the greatest trouble in building the bridge?AProtecting the Chinese white dolphin.BCons
23、tructing the longest and deepest undersea tunnel.CControlling the water pressure.DPreventing the tide.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中“The key challenge during the construction of the bridge was the 6.7km underwater tunnel, the worlds longest and deepest undersea tunnel.”可知，大桥建造过程中的一个关键挑战是建造世界上最长和最深的海底隧道。故选B。8How
24、did the expert stop water leaking in building the undersea tunnel?ABy keeping the tide moving.BBy digging deep into the sea.CBy increasing the water pressure.DBy freezing the nearby earth around the tunnel.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hu Xiangdong . developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to p
25、revent water leakage”可知，该专家通过冰冻隧道周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D。.短文改错While it comes to how to face a challenge, I think of my experience in learning maths.When I was in junior middle school, I had great difficulty in learn maths.To change a situation, I made great efforts.Firstly, I bought some reference books a
26、nd got prepared before class, make it easy for me to understand that the teacher would teach.Secondly, I listened attentive in class and took notes carefully, which helped my accumulate basic knowledge.Thirdly, I did my homework on time and turn to my teacher for help when I had problems.Finally I c
27、aught with others.Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.Faced with challenges, I respond positively and overcome with them.答案：第一句：WhileWhen第二句：learnlearning第三句：athe第四句：makemaking; thatwhat第五句：attentiveattentively; myme第六句：turnturned第七句：caught后加up第九句：去掉第二个with.书面表达假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike来信请你向他介绍一下中国传统节
28、日端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)的习俗。请你给他写封回信，介绍这个节日，内容包括：1端午节的时间和由来；2端午节的习俗；3欢迎他来中国体验。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：Dear Mike，In your last letter, you mentioned that you want to know something about the Dragon Boat Festival. Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am glad to
29、 tell you something about it.As one of the most traditional festivals in China, the Dragon Boat Festival falls on the May 5th according to Chinese lunar calendar. People celebrate this festival in memory of Qu Yuan, a wellknown Chinese poet who made great contribution to his country. On this festival, people in China will hold a variety of activities to honor him, such as dragon boat racing, eating Zongzi and so on.I hope you will come here and experience this wonderful festival.Yours，Li Hua
