1、必修|Unit 6Design(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1abstract adj.抽象的，深奥的2missile n. 导弹3marble n. 大理石4granite n. 花岗岩5phoenix n. 凤凰6rooster n. 雄鸡，公鸡7offering n. 供品，祭品8landlord n. 房东9shade n. (色彩的)浓淡；阴影10sweat n. 汗11roof n. 房顶12loch n. 湖；海湾13fairytale n. 童话14insect n. 昆虫第二组：写其形1straight adj. 直的 adv. 直，直接2pain n. 痛苦；疼
2、，痛；劳苦，努力3detail_ n. 细节，详情4shallow adj. 浅的5youth n. 青春；年轻人6religious adj. 宗教的；虔诚的7creature n. 动物；(有特性或特质的)人8downtown adv. 在市区，往市区 adj. 市区的9emphasise vt. 强调10feature n. 特征，特色11ruin_ vt. 毁坏，毁灭12purpose_ n. 目的，意图(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1bathe vi.洗澡；沐浴bath n洗澡；沐浴2conclusion n结论；结束conclude vt.结束；推断3exhibition n展览会e
3、xhibit vt.展览；显示n.展览；展览品4poetry n诗(总称)poem n诗poet n诗人poetess n女诗人5valuable adj.贵重的，有价值的value n& vt.价值；评价6elegantly adv.优雅地elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的7character n(书写或印刷的)字，字体characteristic adj.典型的，特有的n.特征，特点8relate vt.把与联系起来related adj.有联系的；相关的relation n关系，联系relationship n关系9mercy n慈悲，怜悯，同情心merciful adj.仁慈的，慈
4、悲的10typical adj.典型的typically adv.典型地；有代表性地11imagination n想像；想像力imagine vt.想像imaginative adj.富有想像力的(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1sort_of有几分地2date_back_(to) 追溯(到)3be_related_to_. 与有关系4put_up 举起；张贴，挂上；建立5come_up 走近；被提出6agree_to 同意7fix_ones_eyes_on 注视，凝视8be_deep/lost_in_thought 陷入沉思9share_(.)_with_sb. 与某人分享()10hold_on
5、es_breath 屏住呼吸11try_out 试用，试验12come_out 出来；出版13be_determined_to_do_sth. 决心做某事14be_home_to 的家园，的所在地15more_than 多于；不只是；非常16add_._to_. 增添，增加17match_._with 使和相配(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1leave sb./sth.doing .“让某人/某物处于某种状态”悟原句Qi Baishis style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their im
6、agination.背佳句(2014北京高考满分作文)My left foot was injured in a football match, which left it hurting all the time.2.动词不定式作目的状语悟原句To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.背佳句(2019全国卷满分作文)To
7、enjoy a better view, youd better come earlier for a good seat.3.with宾语宾语补足语悟原句 Our house would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growing without a fence.背佳句(2020全国卷满分作文)Three months before, on a similar occasion, Ms Cai seriously declared that the results of the final exam we
8、re disappointing, with a certain boy being at the bottom.4.the way作先行词时，其后定语从句的关系词可用that，in which或不填悟原句But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all.背佳句(2020新高考全国卷满分作文)All this was because of Johns bright idea, and the way (that/in which)he carried it out.1.含“ious”的形容词一览relig
9、ious宗教的；虔诚的cautious 小心的；谨慎的conscious 有意识的envious 忌妒的；猜忌的mysterious 神秘的ambitious 有雄心的2.“看”法种种fix ones eyes on注视glance at扫视glare at 怒目注视stare at 凝视gaze at 盯着watch over 监视3.“无被动语态”常考短语清单come up走近run out 用完date back to 追溯到give out 用尽belong to 属于consist of 由构成4.“ship”后缀名词知多少relationship关系friendship 友谊sch
10、olarship 奖学金hardship 困境membership 会员资格ownership 所有权.用所给词的适当形式填空1Typically (typical) he would come late and then say that he had to go early.2The proverb is based on an old English law dating (date) back to the 17th century.3They came to a conclusion (conclude) that someone had broken into the room a
11、nd stolen something valuable.4As a busy and active teacher, I couldnt imagine becoming (become) a disabled person.5The poet wrote many poems,_and he also read poetry.To our amazement, his wife is also a poetess.(poet)6All the experts valued your advice; in other words, they thought your advice was v
12、aluable.(value)7All the exhibits on exhibition are strictly protected from any kind of harm.(exhibit)8Her back gives her a lot of pains and it is still painful.In spite of this, she still takes great pains to help us.(pain)9I know you are merciful,_but you should not be always at the mercy of others
13、.(mercy)10She related her failure to my not helping her, so I found it difficult to sustain good relationship with her. In fact, her failure was not related to me at all.(relate).介、副词填空1The old lady fixed her eyes on/upon the stranger.2I was deep_in thought, so I didnt notice him coming in.3I shared
14、 with two others in hiring a car for the day.4This South American country is home to_the most successful and admirable national football team.5The oldest deposits in the cave date back_to 120,000 years ago.6Come on.I really want you to try out this new product.7There was a red mark on his back in th
15、e shape of the letter S.8Im sort of disappointed that Grandma didnt come to my birthday party.选词填空damage/destroy/ruinThe big snow caused great damage to the people living in the south of China, leaving some of them homeless.It rained nonstop for ten days, completely ruining our holiday.The earthquak
16、e almost destroyed all the bridges in this area, and they were beyond repair.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1The twins look alike but have very different characters. 性格The whole character of the city has changed since I was last here. 特色 Who do you know are the main characters in the play？ 人物，角色The characters on my t
17、ypewriter are too small. 字体2His insolence (傲慢无礼的行为) is more than I can stand. 超出所能In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.非常She wishes to be treated as nothing more than a common girl. 不过是，仅仅More than 20 countries attended the meeting. 多于，超过.选用适当的短语填空hold
18、ones breath， share . with， try out， fix ones eyes on， date back to， add .to， lost in thought， sort of1The famous tower, dating_back_to the tenth century, stands on the top of the mount for at least one thousand years.2Although my deskmate fixed_his_eyes_on the teacher, he didnt hear what the teacher
19、 said.3Tom lay still on the ground and held_his_breath when the bear came to him.4If you want to try_out our newlydeveloped robot, you can get in touch with us.5Lost_in_thought,_the architect didnt notice what happened in the office.6I hold the belief that true friends are people who you can share e
20、verything with.7The girl was sort_of disappointed that Grandma didnt come to her birthday party.8The teacher suggested that we should add more details to our report.完成句子1How careless you are to leave_your_room_unlocked！(leave宾语宾补)你没锁房门，真是太粗心了！2You dont have to run fast or for long to_see_the_benefit
21、.(不定式作目的状语)你不必跑得很快，也不必跑很长时间就会见到效果。3The_way_(that/in_which)_you_look_at_the_problem is wrong.(the way作先行词的定语从句)你看待这个问题的方式是错误的。4Jack is late again.It_is_typical_of_him_to_keep others waiting.(It is typical of)杰克又迟到了，他就是爱让别人等。5Seeing her lying in bed with_legs_wrapped_in_bandages,_I felt sorry for her
22、and hoped that she would recover soon.(with宾语宾语补足语)看到她躺在床上，腿上绑着绷带，我感到很难过，希望她能尽快康复。1imagination n想像；想像力(1)beyond imagination 超出想像的，难以想像(2)imagine v. 想像imagine (doing) sth. 想像(做)某事imagine sb./ones doing sth. 想像某人做某事(3)imaginable adj. 想像的，可想像得到的imaginary adj. 假想的；虚构的 演绎法练通单句语法填空Children often have very
23、 vivid imagination (imagine). He told us that he had had the worst imaginable (imagine) day.Lots of children have imaginary (imagine) friends.完成句子The exploitation of natural resources has caused destruction that is far beyond_imagination.对自然资源的过度开采所导致的破坏已经难以想像。I cant_imagine_his/him_living in the ol
24、d house by himself without electricity.我无法想像他独自住在那所没有电的老房子里。名师指津imagine的宾语可以是名词、代词、从句、动名词以及动名词的复合结构，但不能为动词不定式。如句。2pain n痛苦；疼，痛；劳苦；努力(1)have pains/a pain in .部位疼be in pain 在痛苦中；在苦恼中spare no pains/effort to do sth.不遗余力/全力以赴做某事take pains to do sth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事(2)painful adj. 疼痛的；痛苦的演绎法练通单句语法填空/完成句子Wh
25、en the baby touched the hot water, he cried out in pain.Applying for jobs can be a long and painful (pain) process.We should take pains to_improve (improve) ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.We should_spare_no_pains_to_construct whole harmonious society.我们应该全力以赴构建全面和谐社会。名师指津
26、pain 指“精神上的痛苦”时为不可数名词；指“肉体上的疼痛”时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦，刻苦，努力”时，要用复数形式。3typical adj.典型的，有代表性的；象征性的；特有的单句语法填空/句式升级As a carrier of culture, Jiaozi is typical of traditional Chinese cuisine culture.He was typically (typical) modest about his achievements.Typically, he always plays jokes on others.(用it作形式主语改写)It
27、_is_typical_of_him_to_play_jokes_on_others.归纳法记牢(1)be typical of .是的代表，是典型的It is typical of sb.to do sth. 某人一向做某事(2)typically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；向来；通常 4ruin vt.毁坏，毁灭；使破产 n毁灭，毁坏；废墟，遗址(常用复数)(1)ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉(2)in ruins 毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪bring sb.to ruin 使某人失败；使某人倾家荡产fall/go/com
28、e into/to ruin 毁灭；败落演绎法练通单句语法填空Giving up learning means ruining yourself (you)With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins (ruin)一句多译他犯了个错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。He made a mistake, which_ruined_his_chance_of_going_abroad.(定语从句)He made a mistake, ruining_his_chance_of
29、_going_abroad.(分词作状语)选词填空(damage/destroy/ruin)The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.All the houses were completely destroyed in the terrible earthquake.He ruined himself by stealing in a supermarket.辨析比较damage“毁坏，损坏，使损失”，指人或物，表示对价值、用途、外表、健康或效益造成部分损失destroy“破坏，损坏”，指人或物，
30、表示毁坏到不复存在或面目全非的地步，即彻底性摧毁ruin“破坏，毁坏”，可以和destroy互换，表全部毁坏，强调该物的使用价值出现问题5purpose n目的，意图完成句子She seems to do these things on_purpose/by_design rather than by chance.她似乎是故意做这些事而非偶然。She came here for/with_the_purpose_of seeing her future daughterinlaw.她来这儿的目的是看望未来的儿媳妇。The motivation to succeed comes from th
31、e burning desire to achieve_a_purpose. 成功的动力来自于对达到目标的强烈渴望。归纳法记牢for/with the purpose of .目的是； 带着的目的on purpose/by design 故意地achieve/accomplish/fulfill a purpose达到目的 6relate vt.& vi.联系，把与联系起来；叙述，讲述(1)be related to 与有关系relate .to/with . 把与联系起来relate to . 和有关联；和合得来(2)relation n. 关系；叙述in/with relation to
32、与有关；涉及；与相比have no relation to 与没关系演绎法练通单句语法填空The report related high wages to/with labour shortages.This relates to something I mentioned earlier.完成句子The rise in crime is likely to be_related_to an increase in unemployment.犯罪率的上升可能和失业人数的增加有关系。Latest development in_relation_to_the_disease will be dis
33、cussed in detail in next chapter.下一章会详细地谈论这种疾病的最新进展。7mercy n慈悲，怜悯，同情心；幸运；恩惠(1)have mercy on 对宽恕show (no) mercy to 对表示(毫不)怜悯at the mercy of 任由摆布，在的支配下Its a mercy that . 幸运的是，幸亏(2)merciful adj. 宽大的，仁慈的，慈悲的be merciful to 对仁慈演绎法练通单句语法填空The kind woman showed mercy to the poor man and gave him some water.
34、He didnt finish his work in time and we had no mercy on him at all.They asked her to be merciful (mercy) to the little girl.句型转换It was lucky that she wasnt seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.(用mercy改写)It_was_a_mercy_that she wasnt seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue
35、arrived.8conclusion n结论；结束(1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion (to conclude) 最后；总之(2)conclude v. 推断出；推论出；结束conclude .with . 以结束演绎法练通单句语法填空In conclusion, Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying here.We will conclude the concert with the classic song.句型转换I have concluded f
36、rom my own experiences that “Where there is a will, there is a way.” (用conclusion改写)I have_drawn/come_to/arrived_at/reached_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”1fix ones eyes on注视，凝视(1)keep/have an eye on 照看，照管；注视，监视；留神look sb. in the eye 直视某人catch sb.s
37、eye 引起某人的注意have an eye for 对有鉴赏眼光(2)fix ones attention on/upon 集中注意力于演绎法练通单句语法填空/完成句子She was cooking while she was keeping an eye on her baby sleeping in the cradle.A good artist must have an eye for color.She knew he was lying because he couldnt look her in the eye.He fixed his attention on/upon an
38、 interesting story book.The sad boy lay in bed and fixed_his_eyes_on the ceiling.那个难过的小男孩躺在床上，凝视着天花板。联想发散表示“专注于；专心于”的短语还有：concentrate onfocus onput ones heart into be buried inabandon oneself to be lost inbe devoted to be absorbed in 2date back (to)追溯(到)完成句子In the past few years, he has collected a
39、lot of ancient coins, most of which date_back_to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.在过去的几年里他收集了很多古代钱币，其中大部分可以追溯到明清时期。This is an old building dating_from/back_to the 16th century.这是一栋可追溯到16世纪的古老建筑物。The clothes look up_to_date,_but they will soon be out_of_date.这些衣服看起来是最时髦的，但是不久就会过时。归纳法记牢(1)date fromdate bac
40、k to追溯到，始于(2)up to date 最新式的，现代的out of date 过时的；过期的名师指津date from和date back to常指“以现在为起点”向前推，故在句中作谓语时无被动语态，作谓语常用一般现在时。如句。3try out试用，试验完成句子The method seems good but it needs to be_tried_out.这个方法似乎不错，但需要试验一下。These teams are going to try_out_for the Olympic Games.这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。Youd better try_on sho
41、es before you buy them.在买鞋之前你最好试穿一下。He thought of trying_for a position in a research institute.他想设法在一个研究机构找份工作。归纳法记牢try on试穿；试用try for 谋求，争取；试图获得，力争赢得try out for 参加选拔/竞赛 4leave宾语宾语补足语Qi Baishis style of painting often leaves_the_audience_guessing and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的绘画风格常常给观赏者留
42、出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。用法规则leave用作使役动词，意为“使处于某种状态”，其具体构成为：注意事项(1)过去分词作宾语补足语常表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成；(2)现在分词作宾语补足语常表示使某人或某物一直做某事。针对训练完成句子If you leave_the_water_running when you dont use it, you are wasting water.如果你不用水的时候还让水一直流着，你就是在浪费水。Dont leave_the_light_on when you are not in the room.当你不在房间时，别让灯开着。What disap
43、points me is that she leaves_me_to_finish the work by myself.使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这项工作。The bad weather left_the_project_half_finished.恶劣的天气使这项工程半途而废。5动词不定式作目的状语To_emphasise_the_woman_even_more,_Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the w
44、oman black.为了进一步突出这位女子，陈(逸飞)在她的扇子和裙子的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子的背景颜色。用法规则(1)动词不定式表示目的或者将来。(2)在动词不定式前可加上in order, so as等用以表示目的。(3)动词不定式还可以作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示意料之外的结果，常与only, just等词连用。注意事项(1)in order to可以位于句首或句中，so as to不能置于句首。(2)现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。针对训练完成句子Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four ti
45、mes a year to_visit_her.她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京来看她。In_order_to/To_keep_warm,_we shut all the windows.为了保暖，我们把所有窗户都关上了。I hurried through my work so_as_to/in_order_to/to_be_in_time_for_the wonderful TV programme.我匆匆忙忙地忙完这项工作以便能够及时赶上精彩的电视节目。They reached the company out of breath, only to_be_told_they_were_fire
46、d.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，结果却被告知他们被解雇了。一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020天津高考)This led Jones to the conclusion (conclude) that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating.2(2019北京高考)Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys acce
47、ss to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable (value) local cultures.3(2019天津3月高考)At the end of your contract you must arrange a time with the office staff_to_check (check) out.4(2019天津3月高考)To_calculate (calculate) biological age, Professor Levine at Yale University identified nine biomarke
48、rs (生物标志) that seemed to be the most influential on lifespan by a simple blood test.5(2018江苏高考)Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists (art), technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece of art.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2020浙江高考)A few characters are used to cr
49、eate a single impression growing out of the theme. 人物，角色(2020 天津高考)Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice. 一点；略微 词类活用(2018浙江11月高考)And they can take you straight to any large hotel, department store, theatre or museum. adv.直接生词僻义(2020江苏高考)You can be the
50、 one who directs the conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor.Every party needs a straight person.坦诚的；直率的(三)高考中的完形填空1(2020全国卷)If you do, you wont be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that _60_ everyones day.AruinsBmakesCstarts Dsaves解
51、析：选A根据上文的“an unpleasant scene”可知，遇到难处理的情况，处理不好会导致不愉快的场面，将会毁掉周围人的一天。ruin“破坏”。2(2019全国卷)But that changed when a system of hightech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan _47_ their very first ray of winter sunsh
52、ine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use.Aremembered BforecastedCreceived Dimagined解析：选C星期三，Rjukan的居民接收到了他们的第一束冬日阳光。remember“记得”；forecast“预报”；imagine“想象”。3(2018天津高考)I couldnt believe I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to realize that my te
53、am might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my_24_ about their ability and potential. Adecision BattitudeCconclusion Dintention解析：选B根据语境可知，空格处是指“我”改变了对他们的态度(attitude)。decision“决定”；conclusion“结论”；intention“意图，计划，打算”。(四)高考中的写作1(2020全国卷书面表达)Even_in_ter
54、rible_weather,_he_still_sticks_to_his_post_and_leaves_no_one_unchecked. (leave宾语宾语补足语)即使在恶劣的天气里，他仍然坚守岗位，不放过任何没有接受检测的人。2(2019全国卷书面表达)To_prepare_for_the_match,_I_plan_to_have_our_teammates_gathered_every_day_at_4：00_pm._and_practise_our_cooperation_and_techniques. (动词不定式作目的状语)为了准备比赛，我计划让我们的队友每天下午4点集合，
55、练习合作技巧。3(2017江苏高考书面表达) I_draw_a_conclusion_that_an_increase_is_possible_in_the_investment_in_the_movie_industry_and_the_number_of_quality_movies. (conclusion)我得出一个结论：电影产业的投资和优质电影数量的增加是有可能的。二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇featuredisplay vivid exhibition technique artistic studio appreciate architectvisual exposure ins
56、piration magnificent applause cultural entrance uniquetheatre creative colourful reflection classic under construction be designed for .in the shape of on show show up have an influence on apply . to . range from . to . 练中巩固.单句语法填空1He quickly got accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and colo
57、urful (colour) activities in the college.2We are looking forward to your active participation and creative (create) ideas as we show our love for our school.3During the summer, the local community offers a variety of special cultural (culture) events.4It remains a mystery how ancient people built su
58、ch a magnificent (magnificently) architecture at that time.5In addition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration (inspire)6That actor got a lot of exposure (expose) recently.Now everyone wants to see his movies.7He found a good place in the rocks, more than twelve feet high with a n
59、arrow entrance (enter).完成句子1Their jobs widely_range_from government officials and athletes to drivers, teachers, artists and so on.他们的工作从政府官员、运动员到司机、老师、艺术家不等。2You must be aware that this rule cannot be_applied_to every case.你必须明白这项规则不是所有情况都适用。3Its thought that specific genes in an animals body_have_an_influence_on anxious behavior.人们以为动物体内某些特定的基因对引起焦虑行为有影响。4This course is_specially_designed_for beginners like you, focusing on listening and speaking practice.这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的，重点在于听说训练。