1、返回目录 Great Scientists Module 4 返回目录 Section Other Parts of the Module返回目录 课前教材预案课堂深度拓展课末随堂演练目录Contents 返回目录 课前教材预案知识清单.重点单词基础词汇1_ vt.诊断2_ n.受害者3_ adj.聪颖的；才华横溢的4_ n.生涯；经历diagnosevictimbrilliantcareer返回目录 5_ adj.简短的；简洁的6_ adv.部分地；在一定程度上7_ adj.身体的8_ vi.逃跑；逃避9_ n.相对论10_ n.(弓)箭11_ vi.(烟雾)消散，消除briefpartly
2、physicalescaperelativityarrow clear返回目录 拓展词汇1_ adj.直的 adv.直接地；笔直地_v(使)变直2_ adj.简短的；简洁的_ adv.简要地；扼要地3_ vi.毕业_ n毕业4_ adj.个人的_ adv.亲自；就个人而言_ n个性；性格5_ vi.爆炸_ n爆炸；爆炸声straightstraightenbriefbrieflygraduategraduationpersonalpersonallypersonalityexplodeexplosion返回目录.重点短语1_ 因而出名/闻名2_被诊断出；患有3_谋生4_在领域5_偶然地6_被绑
3、在上be known forbe diagnosed withearn ones/a livingin the area ofby accidentbe attached to返回目录 7_与交战8_从毕业；毕业于9_ 把发送到中10_从中跳出来11_(从)逃离be at war withgraduate fromsendintojump out ofescape from返回目录.重点句型1“疑问词to do”结构，相当于一个名词性从句，在句中作 learned 的宾语Soon the Mongols learned _rockets themselves and it is possibl
4、e that they introduced them to Europe.不久，蒙古人学会了怎样自己制造火箭，并且可能是他们将其引入欧洲的。how to make返回目录 2It is/was过去分词that 从句In Stephen Hawkings case _ hewas a brilliant scientist.就斯蒂芬霍金的情况而言，人们发现他是一位杰出的科学家。3keep sb/sth doing sth 让某人或某物一直做某事The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket _(move)
5、in a straight direction.竹管被绑在一根帮助火箭直线运动的长棍上。it was discovered thatmoving返回目录 4现在分词短语作结果状语Or was he carried miles into space,_(become)the worlds first astronaut?还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？becoming返回目录 课文助读 原文RocketsToday rockets are very advanced machines which we can use to send astronauts into spa
6、ce.They are also used in firework displays to celebrate great events，such as the end of the Olympic Games or the beginning of the new millennium in the year 2000.返回目录 Rockets were probably invented by accident about 2,000 years ago.The Chinese had a form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes an
7、d thrown into fires to make explosions during festivals.Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out the fire instead of exploding in it.The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tubecould lift it into the air.The idea of the rocket was born.返回目录 The first military use of rockets was in 1232.The
8、 Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols.During the battle of Kaifeng,the Song army shot“arrows of flying fire”.The tubes were attached to21 a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving22 in a straight23 direction24.Soon the Mongols learned how to25 make rockets themselves and it is possible th
9、at26 they introduced them to Europe.Between the 13th and 返回目录 15th centuries there were many rocket experiments in England,France and Italy.They were used for27 military purposes.One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the surface of28 water and hit29 an enemy ship30.返回目
10、录 But not everybody31 wanted to use rockets in battles.Wan Hu,a Chinese government official32，invented a flying chair33.He attached two big kites to the chair,and 47 rockets to the kites.The rockets were lit34，there was a huge explosion and clouds of thick smoke35.When the smoke cleared36 Wan Hu and
11、 his chair had disappeared37.No one knows what happened38Did Wan Hu die in the explosion?Or was he carried miles into space,becoming the worlds first astronaut39？返回目录 注解 rocket n火箭advanced adj.高级的；先进的which 引导限制性定语从句，which 在从句中作 use的宾语。firework displays 焰火表演great events重大事件millennium n 千年invent vt.发明
12、；创造返回目录 by accident 偶然 by chance 偶然on purpose故意地gunpowder n火药which引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。throwinto 把扔进里explosion n爆炸；爆炸声make explosions制造爆炸jump out of从中跳出来instead of相反，而不是返回目录 explode vi.爆炸escape vi.逃跑；逃避现在分词短语作定语，修饰 the gas。at war with与交战at peace with与和平共处shoot v射中 shoot at向射击(不强调射中)arrow n(弓)箭返回目录 21be a
13、ttached to 被拴/捆到上22keepdoing 使一直做doing 作宾补，表示动作正在进行或者持续进行。23straight adj.直的24which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a long stick,且在从句中作主语。25how to作 learned 的宾语。返回目录 26it is possible that是可能的。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句。27be used for 被用作28over the surface of 在表面之上29hit v(hit,hit)击中30which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a rocket。31not ever
14、ybody 表示部分否定。返回目录 32a Chinese government official 是 Wan Hu 的同位语。33动名词 flying 作定语，修饰 chair，表示 chair 的用途。34light v(lit,lit)点燃35thick smoke 浓烟36clear vi.(烟雾)消散37disappear vi.消失 该词不用于被动语态。38what happened 作 knows 的宾语。39现在分词短语 becoming the worlds作结果状语。返回目录 译文 火箭今天，火箭是我们用来将宇航员送入太空的非常先进的机器。它们也被用在庆祝重大事件的焰火表演
15、中，像奥运会的闭幕式或 2000 年新千年的开始。火箭可能是大约两千年前被偶然发明出来的。中国人有一种装在竹管里的火药，这种火药是节日中被用来扔进火里爆炸的。也许一些竹管从火堆里蹿了出来，而不是在里面炸开。中国人发现从竹管里释放出来的气体可以使其飞向空中。于是关于火箭的想法诞生了。返回目录 火箭第一次被用于军事是在 1232 年。那时宋朝正与蒙古作战。在开封战役中，宋军射出了“飞火箭”。箭管被绑在一根长棍儿上，这根长棍儿能使火箭沿直线运动。不久，蒙古人学会了怎样自己制造火箭，并且可能是他们将其引入欧洲的。在 13 世纪到 15 世纪期间，在英国、法国和意大利有很多关于火箭的实验。它们用于军事目
16、的。一位意大利科学家甚至发明了一种可以飞过水面打中敌舰的火箭。返回目录 但并不是每个人都想将火箭用于战争。一个名叫万户的中国官员发明了一种“飞椅”。他把两个大风筝绑到椅子上，又把 47 个火箭绑到风筝上。火箭被点燃了，发生了巨大的爆炸，出现了厚厚的浓烟。当烟雾消散后，万户和他的椅子已无影无踪了。没有人知道发生了什么。万户被炸死了？还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？返回目录 课文理解Choose the best answers according to the passage.1When were rockets probably invented?AAbout 2,00
17、0 years ago.BIn 1232.CBetween the 13th and 15th centuries.DDuring the Song Dynasty.答案 A返回目录 2It is possible that _ introduced rockets to Europe.Athe Song armyBthe MongolsCWan Hu Done Italian scientist答案 B返回目录 3Which country did not do rockets experiment between the 13th and 15th centuries?AItaly.BEn
18、gland.CFrance.DAmerica.答案 D返回目录 4One Italian scientist invented a rocket which _.Acould fly into the skyBcould hit the enemys horseCcould fly over the surface of waterDcould clear the cloud in the air答案 C返回目录 5Whats the topic of the text?AThe dangers of rockets.BThe development of rockets.CThe advan
19、tages of rockets.DThe invention of rockets.答案 B返回目录 课堂深度拓展词汇点击be known for 因而出名/闻名1(教材 P36)What is Einstein known for?爱因斯坦因什么而出名？be known as作为而出名be known to 被熟知返回目录 Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers.桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。Mo Yan was internationally known _ his novels.莫言因他的小说而闻名于世。She was
20、known _ a campus singer when she was a middle school student.当她还是一个中学生的时候，就作为一名校园歌手而出名了。The player _ the younger generation.这位运动员为年轻一代所熟知。forasis known to返回目录 graduate vi.毕业 nC大学毕业生graduation n毕业2(教材 P37)He was born in 1942 in Oxford and graduatedfrom Oxford University.他 1942 年出生于牛津，后又从牛津大学毕业。gradua
21、te from毕业于(大学)graduate in 毕业于(专业)返回目录 Johnson is a new graduate.He has difficulty in dealing with whatever problems arise.约翰逊是刚毕业的大学生。他很难应付出现的任何问题。After graduating _Harvard University,he returned to his motherland and set up his own business.从哈佛大学毕业后，他回到祖国创办了自己的企业。from返回目录 Mary graduated _ medicine
22、from Yale University last year.玛丽去年毕业于耶鲁大学医学专业。Have you kept in contact with your classmates after graduation?你毕业后和同学们还保持联系吗？【提示】graduate 是一个短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。in返回目录 come to/into power 开始执政，掌权，上台3(教材 P37)Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.希特勒掌权时，爱因斯坦
23、离开德国去美国工作。beyond ones power力所不及，不能胜任in/within ones power 在某人能力范围内in power 当权have/hold power over sth/sb 对某事/人有控制权返回目录 When Hitler came to power,many people were forced to leave their country.在希特勒掌权时，许多人被迫离开了自己的祖国。It is said that the new mayor will come _power next month.据说新市长下个月将上任。He has been _ for
24、 ten years but still doesnt want to leave office.他已经掌权 10 年了，但是仍然不想离开这个职位。to/intoin power返回目录 Im afraid it is _ my power to do what yourre asking.我恐怕不能胜任你要求做的事。【提示】in power“当权，执政”表状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用；come to power“开始执政，掌权”表动作，不能与表时间段的状语连用。beyond返回目录 escape vi.逃跑，逃避；漏出，泄露n逃跑，逃脱，逃避4(教材 P39)The Chinese dis
25、covered that the gas escapingfrom the tube could lift it into the air.中国人发现从竹管里释放出来的气体可以使其飞向空中。(1)escape from/out of 从逃走escapen./doing sth 逃脱某事/做某事(常用被动语态)(2)have a narrow escape 九死一生返回目录 So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.这次袭击太突然了以至于敌人根本没有时间逃跑。Put the lid on to prevent he
26、at _(escape)盖上盖子，以免热气跑了。You were very lucky to have escaped _ the big fire last night.昨晚你非常幸运逃离了那场大火。escapingfrom返回目录 Whoever breaks the law wont escape _(punish)不管是谁违反了法律都将不会逃脱惩罚。Last year I had a narrow escape,and I dont want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。punishment/being pun
27、ished返回目录 clear vi.(烟雾)消散；清理adj.清澈的；晴朗的；清楚的，明白的5(教材 P39)When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.当烟雾消散后，万户和他的椅子已无影无踪了。写出下列句中 clear 的含义The cloud slowly cleared and the sun came out._I hope I made it clear to him that he was no longer welcome here._清楚；明白消散返回目录 You can see most of th
28、e city on a clear day._clear away收拾；清除；整理clear up (天气)放晴；整理，收拾；澄清I want this rubbish _ now!把这些垃圾立即给我弄走！It is raining now,but I think it will clear _ soon.现在还在下雨，不过我想天很快就会放晴。晴朗的cleared awayup返回目录【形象记忆】注意 clear 作“清除”解时与 clean 的区别返回目录 句型解读“Itbe过去分词that”句型1 In Stephen Hawkings case it was discovered tha
29、t he was a brilliant scientist.在斯蒂芬霍金的例子中，我们发现他是一位杰出的科学家。返回目录 点拨：句中 it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist 属于“Itbe过去分词that”句型。其中 it 是形式主语，that 引导的从句是真正的主语。常用于该句型的过去 分 词 有：said,thought,reported,believed,supposed,considered,hoped 等。该句型可以转换为“sb/sthbe过去分词不定式”句型或“People say/thinkthat”。返回目录 I
30、t is reported that the scientists are trying to invent the new medicine for curing cancer.据报道，科学家们正在努力发明治疗癌症的新药。It is believed that your son will be admitted into a famous university.我们相信你儿子会考上一所著名大学的。_ the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。It is hoped that返回目录 It is said t
31、hat greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.People say _ greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.Greenhouse gases are said _(be)the main cause of global warming.有人说，温室气体是导致全球变暖的主要原因。thatto be返回目录“keep宾语宾补”结构2 The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the r
32、ocket moving in a straight direction.箭管被绑在一根长棍儿上，这根长棍儿能使火箭沿直线运动。返回目录 点拨：句中 keep the rocket moving in a straight direction属于“keep宾语宾补”结构。其中 the rocket 是宾语，现在分词 moving 是宾补，宾语与宾补之间是主动关系。“keep宾语宾补”结构的常见形式：keep名词/代词形容词/副词/介词短语现在分词表示宾语和补语是主动关系过去分词表示宾语和补语是被动关系返回目录 Short of financial support,I found it hard
33、 to keep the company going smoothly.由于缺少资金支持，我发现很难使公司正常运行。We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们应当保持教室干净和整洁。The bad weather keeps us inside the house.坏天气使我们不能出门。返回目录 We should keep ourselves _(inform)of the latest information.我们应该了解最新的信息。He kept his eyes _(close)and stayed where he was.他闭着眼睛
34、待在原地。informedclosed返回目录 现在分词(短语)作结果状语3 Or was he carried miles into space,becoming the worlds first astronaut?还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？返回目录 点拨：(1)本句中的 becoming the worlds first astronaut是现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语，通常表示一个顺其自然、合乎情理的结果，只能放在句子后面。It rained heavily,causing severe flooding in that country.大雨
35、滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。The news shocked the public,_(lead)to great concern about students safety at school.这条新闻使广大民众感到很震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。leading返回目录 The fire lasted nearly a month,_(leave)nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有用的东西。(2)不定式作结果状语，通常表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加 only 以强调这一意外结果。They reached the company out of bre
36、ath only to be toldthey were fired.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，不料被告知他们被开除了。leaving返回目录 I hurried to the airport only _(find)the plane had taken off.我匆忙赶到机场，发现飞机已经起飞了。to find返回目录 课末随堂演练.单词拼写1He hopes to get a good job after _(毕业)2The thief broke down the locked door and _(逃跑)3We have to deal with the emotional and
37、 _(身体的)problems that go along with obesity.4Joanne,a fashion designer,was _(诊断)with breast cancer three years ago.graduationescapedphysicaldiagnosed返回目录 5Tell the story _(简短地)and then explain why you do or do not enjoy it.6The _(受害者)received head injuries from which she died a week later.7Her perfor
38、mance was technically _(才华横溢的)but lacked feeling.8If you look _(笔直地)ahead,youll see the church in the distance.brieflyvictimbrilliantstraight返回目录 9Devoted to her _(事业，生涯),she has no desire to become a wife and mother.10We all got into a panic on hearing the _(爆炸声).选词填空at war with,come to power,escap
39、e from,earn ones living,is known for,graduate from1The Great Wall _ its long history and its magnificence.careerexplosionis known for返回目录 2As soon as their party _，they changed the law.3The two nations have been _ each other for 5 years.4She _ by singing in a nightclub last year.5The fire spread quickly but luckily all the people managed to _ the burning house.6He was fortunate enough to find a job as soon as he _ the university.came to powerat war withearned her livingescape fromgraduated from