1、多媒体语篇精读课 阅读理解解题技法示范（1）阅读理解解题技法示范（一）人物传记类 高考典题1 Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to AfricanAmerican parents who were slaves.At the age of sixmonths she was acquired,along with her sister,by JohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecame known as“Mumbet”or“Mum Bett”.2 For nearly 30 years
2、Mumbet served the Ashley family.One day,Ashleys wife tried to strike Mumbets sister witha spade.Mumbet protected her sister and took the blowinstead.Furious,she left the house and refused to comeback.When the Ashleys tried to make her return,Mumbetconsulted a lawyer,Theodore Sedgewick.With his help,
3、Mumbet sued(起诉)for her freedom.3 While serving the Ashleys,Mumbet had listened tomany discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution.If the constitution said that all people were free and equal,then she thought it should apply to her.Eventually,MumbetwonherfreedomthefirstslaveinMassachusetts to d
4、o so under the new constitution.4 Strangely enough,after the trial,the Ashleys askedMumbet to come back and work for them as a paidemployee.She declined and instead went to work forSedgewick.Mumbet died in 1829,but her legacy lived onin her many descendants(后裔).One of her great-grandchildren was WE.
5、B.Du Bois,one of the founders ofthe NAACP,and an important writer and spokesperson forAfrican American civil rights.5MumbetstombstonestillstandsintheMassachusetts cemetery where she was buried.It reads,in part:“She was born a slave and remained a slavefornearly thirty years.She could neither read no
6、r write,yet inher own sphere she had no superior or equal.”（建议用时：8分钟）题目试做 51What do we know about Mumbet according toParagraph 1?AShe was born a slave.BShe was a slaveholder.CShe had a famous sister.DShe was born into a rich family.52Why did Mumbet run away from the Ashleys?AShe found an employer.BS
7、he wanted to be a lawyer.CShe was hit and got angry.DShe had to take care of her sister.53What did Mumbet learn from discussions about thenew constitution?AShe should always obey her owners orders.BShe should be as free and equal as whites.CHow to be a good servant.DHow to apply for a job.54What did
8、 Mumbet do after the trial?AShe chose to work for a lawyer.BShe founded the NAACP.CShe continued to serve the Ashleys.DShe went to live with her grandchildren.55What is the text mainly about?AA story of a famous writer and spokesperson.BThe friendship between a lawyer and a slave.CThe life of a brav
9、e African American woman.DA trial that shocked the whole world.解题示范一、文章这样读 读文章作标记1 1时间和概念名词 用 表示 2态度词和语气词 用 表示 3极端词和程度词 用 表示 4逻辑词和关系词 用 表示 1 Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to AfricanAmerican parents who were slaves.At the age of sixmonths she was acquired,along with her sister,by JohnAshley,a
10、wealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecame known as“Mumbet”or“Mum Bett”.2 For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family.One day,Ashleys wife tried to strike Mumbets sister witha spade.Mumbet protected her sister and took the blowinstead.Furious,she left the house and refused to comeback.When t
11、he Ashleys tried to make her return,Mumbetconsulted a lawyer,Theodore Sedgewick.With his help,Mumbet sued(起诉)for her freedom.3 While serving the Ashleys,Mumbet had listened tomany discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution.If the constitution said that all people were free and equal,then she
12、thought it should apply to her.Eventually,MumbetwonherfreedomthefirstslaveinMassachusetts to do so under the new constitution.4 Strangely enough,after the trial,the Ashleys askedMumbet to come back and work for them as a paidemployee.She declined and instead went to work forSedgewick.Mumbet died in
13、1829,but her legacy lived onin her many descendants(后裔).One of her great-grandchildren was WE.B.Du Bois,one of the founders ofthe NAACP,and an important writer and spokesperson forAfrican American civil rights.5MumbetstombstonestillstandsintheMassachusetts cemetery where she was buried.It reads,in p
14、art:“She was born a slave and remained a slave fornearly thirty years.She could neither read nor write,yet inher own sphere she had no superior or equal.”破解生僻词汇2 slaveholder n奴隶主破解方法 构词法 slave(奴隶)holder(持有人)slaveholder奴隶主cemetery n墓地破解方法 通过解释根据句中tombstone“墓碑”和where she was buried“她埋葬的地方”可知cemetery意为
15、“墓地”。破解长难句3 If the constitution said that all people were free and equal,then she thought it should apply to her.If the constitution said that all people were free and equal,then she thought it should apply to her.条件状语从句 If the constitution said that all people were free and equal,then she thought i
16、t should apply to her.宾语从句 If the constitution said that all people were free and equal,then she thought it should apply to her.主句 译文：如果宪法上说所有人都是自由、平等的，那么她认为这一规定也应该适用于她。理清文章脉络4 本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了生来就是奴隶的Mumbet(Elizabeth Freeman)为获得自由而进行的不懈斗争，最后她获得了自由。1 Elizabeth Freeman was born about1742 to African Ame
17、rican parents whowere slaves.At the age of six monthsshe was acquired,along with her sister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecame known as“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.Elizabeth Freeman(Mumbet)幼时的苦难经历。2 For nearly 30 years Mumbet servedthe Ashley family.One day,Ashleyswife tried to strike M
18、umbets sisterwith a spade.Mumbet protected hersister and took the blow instead.Furious,she left the house and refusedto come back.When the Ashleys triedto make her return,Mumbet consulteda lawyer,Theodore Sedgewick.Withhis help,Mumbet sued(起诉)for herfreedom.Mumbet 是 如何 为 离 开 奴 隶主 Ashley，为争 取 自 由 而 做
19、努力的。3 While serving the Ashleys,Mumbethad listened to many discussions ofthe new Massachusetts constitution.Ifthe constitution said that all peoplewere free and equal,then she thoughtit should apply to her.Eventually,Mumbet won her freedom the firstslave in Massachusetts to do so underthe new consti
20、tution.Mumbet 经 过努 力，在 宪 法的 帮 助 下 获 得了自由。4 Strangely enough,after the trial,the Ashleys asked Mumbet to comeback and work for them as a paidemployee.She declined and insteadwent to work for Sedgewick.Mumbetdied in 1829,but her legacy lived on inher many descendants(后裔).One ofher greatgrandchildren w
21、as WE.B.Du Bois,one of the founders of theNAACP,and an important writer andspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivil rights.Mumbet 获 得自 由 后 的 事 情。5 Mumbets tombstone still stands inthe Massachusetts cemetery whereshe was buried.It reads,in part:“Shewas born a slave and remained a slavefor nearly thirty ye
22、ars.She couldneither read nor write,yet in her ownsphere she had no superior or equal.”Mumbet 的 墓志 铭 上 人 们 对她的评价。二、题目这样做51根据第一段，关于Mumbet我们知道什么？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“Paragraph 1”可定位信息源为文章的 推理判断题第一段第一句选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 她天生就是奴隶。B 她是奴隶主。C 她有一个出名的妹妹。D 她生于富裕人家。1742年Mumbet生于一个父母都是奴隶的家庭。合理推断
23、(正确选项)第一段第二句，John Ashley是奴隶主。张冠李戴第 一 段 最 后 一 句，是Mumbet而不是妹妹出名了。张冠李戴第 一 段 第 二 句，Mumbet是一个富有奴隶主的奴隶。曲解文意(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 52为什么Mumbet从Ashley家逃走了？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“run away from”可定位信息源为文章的 细节理解题第二段第二、三、四句选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 她找到一位雇主。B 她想成为一名律师。C 她被打了，很生气。D 她不得不照顾妹妹。文中无此表述。无中生有 第 二 段 第
24、五 句，Mumbet咨询了一位律师。曲解文意Mumbet 为 保 护 妹 妹 被Ashley的妻子打了之后，她就生气离开了Ashley 的家。简化总结(正确选项)文中无此表述。无中生有(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 53Mumbet从新宪法的讨论中知道了什么？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“new constitution”可定位信息源为文章的 推理判断题第三段第一、二句选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 她应该总是听她主人的命令。B 她应该与白人一样自由、平等。C 如何做一名好奴仆。D 如何申请工作。第二段最后一句，她想获得自由。颠倒是非 她
25、了解到宪法上说所有人都是自由、平等的，由此推出自己与白人一样平等。合理推断(正确选项)第 二 段 第 四 句，Mumbet拒绝回去再做奴隶。曲解文意文中无此表述。无中生有(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 54审判之后，Mumbet做了什么？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“after the trial”可定位信息源为文章的 细节理解题第四段第一、二句选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 她选择为一名律师工作。B 她创立了NAACP。C 她继续为Ashley夫妇服务。D 她与她的子孙住在一起。她拒绝回去，而是选择为律师Sedgewick工作。简化总结
26、(正确选项)第 四 段 最 后 一 句，Mumbet的一个孙辈创立了NAACP。张冠李戴第 四 段 第 二 句，Mumbet拒绝了。颠倒是非第四段第三句，Mumbet去世了，她的精神还活在她的子孙心中。曲解文意(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 55这篇文章主要讲的是什么？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干可定位信息源为 主旨大意题全文 选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 一位著名作家与发言人的故事。B 一位律师与奴隶之间的友谊。C 一位勇敢的非裔美国女奴的生平。D 一次震惊全世界的审判。第 四 段 最 后 一 句，Du Bois是一位作家兼发言人。张冠李戴 第二到四段提及他们之间的友谊，但不是全文的主旨。以偏概全 文 章 介 绍 了 奴 隶 Elizabeth Freeman(Mumbet)为获得自由而进行斗争的故事，以及后人对她的评价。合理推断(正确选项)审判只是Mumbet人生中的一个插曲。以偏概全(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 Goodbye!