1、多媒体语篇精读课 阅读理解解题技法示范（4）阅读理解解题技法示范（四）饮食与健康类 高考典题1 Why do Americans struggle with watching theirweight,while the French,who consume rich food,continue to stay thin?Now a research by Cornell Universitysuggests how lifestyle and decisions about eating mayaffect weight.Researchers conclude that the French
2、 tendto stop eating when they feel full.However,Americanstend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TVshow is over.2 According to Dr.Joseph Mercola,a health expert,theFrench see eating as an important part of their lifestyle.They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time atthe
3、table,while Americans see eating as something to besqueezed between the other daily activities.Mercolabelieves Americans lose the ability to sense when they areactually full.So they keep eating long after the Frenchwould have stopped.In addition,he points out thatAmericans drive to huge supermarkets
4、 to buy canned andfrozen foods for the week.The French,instead,tend toshop daily,walking to small shops and farmers marketswhere they have a choice of fresh fruits,vegetables,andeggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.3 After a visit to the United States,Mireille Guiliano,author of French W
5、omen Dont Get Fat,decided to writeabout the importance of knowing when to stop rather thansuggesting how to avoid food.Today she continues to stayslim and rarely goes to the gym.4 In spite of all these differences,evidence shows thatrecent lifestyle changes may be affecting French eatinghabits.Today
6、 the rate of obesity orextremeoverweight among adults is only 6%.However,asAmerican fast food gains acceptance and the young rejectolder traditions,the obesity rate among French childrenhas reached 17%and is growing.（建议用时：8分钟）题目试做 53In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr
7、.Joseph Mercola?AThey go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.BThey squeeze eating between the other daily activities.CThey regard eating as a key part of their lifestyles.DThey usually eat too much canned and frozen food.54This text is mainly the relationship between _.AAmericans and the French
8、Blifestyle and obesityCchildren and adultsDfast food and overweight55The text is mainly developed _.Aby contrast Bby spaceCby process Dby classification56Where does this text probably come from?AA TV interview.BA food advertisement.CA health report.DA book review.解题示范一、文章这样读 读文章作标记1 1时间和概念名词 用 表示 2态
9、度词和语气词 用 表示 3极端词和程度词 用 表示 4逻辑词和关系词 用 表示 1 Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight,while the French,who consume rich food,continue to staythin?Now a research by Cornell University suggests howlifestyle and decisions about eating may affect weight.Researchers conclude that the French tend
10、 to stop eatingwhen they feel full.However,Americans tend to stop whentheir plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.2 According to Dr.Joseph Mercola,a health expert,theFrench see eating as an important part of their lifestyle.They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time atthe tabl
11、e,while Americans see eating as something to besqueezed between the other daily activities.Mercolabelieves Americans lose the ability to sense when they areactually full.So they keep eating long after the Frenchwould have stopped.In addition,he points out thatAmericans drive to huge supermarkets to
12、buy canned andfrozen foods for the week.The French,instead,tend toshop daily,walking to small shops and farmers marketswhere they have a choice of fresh fruits,vegetables,andeggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.3 After a visit to the United States,Mireille Guiliano,author of French Women
13、 Dont Get Fat,decided to writeabout the importance of knowing when to stop rather thansuggesting how to avoid food.Today she continues to stayslim and rarely goes to the gym.4 In spite of all these differences,evidence shows thatrecent lifestyle changes may be affecting French eatinghabits.Today the
14、 rate of obesity orextremeoverweight among adults is only 6%.However,asAmerican fast food gains acceptance and the young rejectolder traditions,the obesity rate among French childrenhas reached 17%and is growing.破解生僻词汇2 can aux.能，可以 v.罐装 破解方法 通过解释 通过原文“Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy can
15、ned and frozen foods for the week.”的描述可知此处指美国人通常去大超市购买这一周所需的罐装和冷冻食品。can在此被用作动词，意为“罐装”。obesity n肥胖，过度肥胖 破解方法 通过解释 由最后一段中第一个破折号后的“or extreme overweight”可 知，这 是 对obesity一词的解释。故其意思是“过度肥胖”。破解长难句3 They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table,while Americans see eating as something t
16、o be squeezed between the other daily activities.并列分句一 并列分句二 定语 译文：他们享受食物，因此他们把很多时间都花在了餐桌上，然而美国人把吃看成是从其他的日常活动中挤出来的活动。They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table,while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities.They enjoy food and there
17、fore spend a fairly long time at the table,while Americans see eating as somethingto be squeezed between the other daily activities.They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table,while Americans see eating as somethingto be squeezed between the other daily activities.理清文章脉络4 本文是
18、一篇议论文。文章讲述的是生活方式和健康之间的联系，美国人与体重作斗争，而法国人消耗了丰富的食物，却很瘦。这主要是因为生活方式的问题。1WhydoAmericansstrugglewithwatching their weight,while the French,who consume rich food,continue to staythin?Now a research by Cornell Universitysuggests how lifestyle and decisions abouteatingmayaffectweight.Researchersconclude that
19、the French tend to stopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.However,Americans tend to stop when their plate isempty or their favorite TV show is over.提 出 论 点。生 活 方 式不 同、饮食 习 惯 不同 影 响 着美 国 人 和法 国 人 的体 重 与 健康。2 According to Dr.Joseph Mercola,a healthexpert,the French see eating as an important partof their lifestyl
20、e.They enjoy food and thereforespend a fairly long time at the table,whileAmericans see eating as something to be squeezedbetween the other daily activities.Mercola believesAmericans lose the ability to sense when they areactually full.So they keep eating long after theFrench would have stopped.In a
21、ddition,he pointsout that Americans drive to huge supermarkets tobuy canned and frozen foods for the week.TheFrench,instead,tend to shop daily,walking to smallshops and farmers markets where they have achoice of fresh fruits,vegetables,and eggs as wellas high-quality meats for each meal.给出论据。说明美、法两国
22、人胖瘦不同的具体原因，并以一名法国作家为例，说明保持苗条的重要性。3 After a visit to the United States,MireilleGuiliano,author of French Women Dont Get Fat,decided to write about the importance of knowingwhen to stop rather than suggesting how to avoidfood.Today she continues to stay slim and rarelygoes to the gym.4 In spite of all
23、 these differences,evidence shows that recent lifestylechangesmaybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity or extreme overweight among adults is only 6%.However,asAmerican fast food gains acceptanceand the young reject older traditions,theobesityrateamongFrenchchildren has reached 17%and i
24、sgrowing.得 出 结 论。法国 人 的 生 活 方式 受 到 了 影 响，法 国 儿 童 的 肥胖 率 正 在 上 升。二、题目这样做53根据Dr.Joseph Mercola的观点，法国人在哪方面不同于美国人？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“different from”可定位信息源为文章的 细节理解题第二段第一、二句选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 他们去超市更频繁。B 他们从其他的日常活动中挤出来吃的时间。C 他们把吃看成是生活的一个重要部分。D 他们经常吃过多的罐装和冷冻食品。第二段最后一句，法国人购物比美国人更频繁，但他们去的是s
25、mall shops而非supermarkets。曲解文意 第二段第二句，这是美国人而不是法国人的做法。张冠李戴 法国人把吃看成是生活的一个重要部分，而美国人认为吃是从其他的日常行为中挤出来的活动。合理推断(正确选项)第二段第五句，是美国人而不是法国人吃罐装和冷冻食品多。张冠李戴(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 54本文主要讲的是_之间的关系。(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“the relationship”可定位信息源为文章的 主旨大意题全文，尤其是第一段选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 美国人与法国人 B 生活方式与肥胖 C 儿童与成年人
26、D 快餐与肥胖 文章主要通过法、美两国人生活习惯的对比，说明饮食与肥胖的关系。曲解文意第一段提出问题：为什么美国人与体重作斗争，而法国人消耗了丰盛的食物，却很瘦？下面通过对比说明生活方式会导致肥胖。合理推断(正确选项)儿童与成年人只是用来举例说明问题的。曲解文意 最后一段，法国孩子因吃美式快餐而肥胖只是作者想说明的问题的其中一个方面。以偏概全(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 55文章主要是_方式展开的。(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“developed”可定位信息源为文章的 推理判断题全文 选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 通过比较 B 通过空
27、间 C 通过过程 D 通过分类 本文对美国人和法国人的饮食习惯及带来的影响进行了比较。合理推断(正确选项)文中无此表述。无中生有 文中无此表述。无中生有 文章对法、美两国人的购物方式、吃的食物、吃的时间、不同人群的饮食等进行了对比，而不是分类。曲解文意(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 56这篇文章可能出自哪里？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源 题型判定：信息定位：由题干中的“come from”可定位信息源为文章的 推理判断题全文 选项译文 文中表述 比对结果 A 电视采访。B 食品广告。C 健康报道。D 书评。文中无此表述。无中生有 文章主要讲法、美两国人购物方式、吃的食物、吃的方式等的不同，以此来说明谁吃得更健康。曲解文意本文主要讨论了由于美国人和法国人对于饮食的不同态度而导致了体重上的差异，所以推断出文章应该来自健康方面的话题。合理推断(正确选项)文中无此表述。无中生有(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案 Goodbye!