1、专题13人际关系【美文阅读1】导读：作者小时候，妈妈总是告诉他为人要诚实。长大后，作者成为了一名医生，他坚信医患之间更应该以诚相待，但是诚实一定是最好的策略吗？Is Honesty the Best Policy?Honesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. Of course, this didnt include her when she told me that if I didnt eat all my vegetables Father Christmas would find out and wouldnt
2、give me any presents. But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential. Or so I thought. I had just started working in geriatrics. Mr. McMahon was broug
3、ht in when his belly was found very swollen. I took a medical history from his daughter whod accompanied him in the ambulance. Shed been his main carer for years. I stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history. Has he lost any weight recently? I asked. Well, its funny you should mention that,
4、 but yes. she said slowly. There was silence for a few moments. Why? What are you worried about? She asked. I hesitated. She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that I told her the truth. Well, we need to prove its not cancer. I said and talked briefly about some of the test
5、s I was going to order. Half an hour later, a nurse called me: Mr. McMahons daughter broke downshe said you told her he had cancer. My heart sank. By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirm
6、ed that he had cancer. I stood silently at the end of the bed. My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr. McMahon, she turned to me. Why on earth did you do that? she asked in disbelief. I looked at her and bit my lip. She asked me what I was worried about and I told her. I said, h
7、anging my head. And give her more to worry about? replied my consultant. You dont say the word cancer until its confirmed. Even if you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people. As it turned out, it wasnt cancer. But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their lov
8、ed one theyre sometimes selective in what they hearand as a doctor its important to be mindful of this. In being truthful, Id made the situation worse. 诚实是最好的策略吗？妈妈过去总是告诉我：诚实是最好的策略。当然，这不包括她骗我说如果我不吃蔬菜，圣诞老人就会知道，并且不给我礼物了。但是当涉及到医学的时候，我以为对病人坦诚非常重要。毕竟，医患关系是以信任为基础的，因此诚实非常必要，或者说，我个人是这样认为的。那时我刚刚开始在老年病科工作。麦克马
9、洪先生因为腹部肿胀而被送诊。他女儿随救护车进院，我从她那里要来他的病历。多年来主要是她在照料他。当她详细介绍父亲的病史时，我就站在他身边观察。他最近体重下降了吗？我问到。哦，您会问这样的问题，真有意思。但是他的体重确实下降了。她缓缓答到。沉默了片刻后，她问道：怎么了？您担心什么？我迟疑了一下。很明显，她很关心他的状况，我应该告诉她实情，这样才公平。于是我告诉她，哦，我们要证实一下不是癌症。然后我简单介绍了一下要做的几项检查。半小时以后，一位护士喊我：麦克马洪先生的女儿在痛哭她说您告诉她她父亲患了癌症。我的心立刻沉了下来。当我赶到病房时，我的会诊医生已经到了，正在向她解释我们还需要做很多检查，并
10、没有证实他真得了癌症。我静静地站在床尾。那位会诊医生显然是生我的气了，当我们离开麦克马洪先生的病床，她转头看着我，怀疑地问道：你究竟为什么要这么做？我看着她，紧咬着嘴唇。她问我在担心什么，我就告诉她了。我低垂着头回答到。为了让她更担心吗？我的会诊医生反问到。在没有确诊之前，你不可以提说癌症这个字眼儿。即使你心存疑虑，也要仔细斟酌才可以对别人说。结果，麦克马洪先生没有患上癌症。但我确实明白了，当一个人紧张不安，担心着亲爱的人的安危时，有时他们会选择性地接收信息作为一名医生，注意到这一点非常重要。我实话实说，却把事情弄糟了。重点单词:1. essential sen()l adj. 必要的2. g
11、eriatrics dertrks n. 老年病学3. belly bel n. 腹部4. ward wd n. 病房；5. consultant knslt()nt n.会诊医生；高级顾问；医师6. confirm knfm vt. 确认，证实重点短语 / 亮点句式：1. after all 毕竟，终究。如：They decided to go by the overland route after all.他们终究还是决定从陆路走。There is no need to pick at him all day long. Hes a child after all.不要老是对他唠唠叨叨，
12、他毕竟还是个孩子嘛!2. be based on 以为基础。如：This policy should be based on economics, not politics.这一政策应该是以经济、而非政治为基础的。3. break down （使）感情上失去控制，放声痛哭起来；出故障；坍塌；中断。如：She broke down and wept at the sad news.她控制不住感情，为那个噩耗而哭泣。The car broke down汽车坏了。The bridge broke down in last earthquake.那座桥在上次地震中坍塌了。Talks between t
13、he two countries have broken down.两国之间的谈判破裂了 。4. turn to 转向；求助于。如：Our talk turned to football.我们的话题转到了足球上。She turned to me for advice.她求教于我。5. Even if you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people. 即使你心存疑虑，也要仔细斟酌才可以对别人说。even if 意为即使，虽然，引导让步状语从句，相当于even though。如：Even if she does somethi
14、ng I do not like, I will still love her.即使她做了一些我不喜欢的事，我仍是爱她的。6. turn out结果是；生产。如：It turned out that he failed the examination.结果他考试不及格。Plans have been made to turn out more products of higher quality.已制订计划，生产更多高质量的产品。7. But I did learn that .但我确实明白了英语中谓语动词的强调可以借助于助动词do/does/did。如：I do arrive in time
15、! 我的确及时到达了!He does speak well! 他的确讲得很精彩！He did come but soon went back. 他的确来过，但很快就回去了。【美文阅读2】导读：一位信奉“施以爱心，不图回报”女士用一杯牛奶改变了两个人的命运。A Glass of Milk One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime left. He was hungry so he dec
16、ided to beg for a meal at the next house. However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You do
17、nt owe me anything,” she replied. “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” He said, “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to give
18、 up and quit before this point.Years later the young woman became critically ill. The local doctors were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous was called in for the consultation. When he heard the na
19、me of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.Dressed in his doctors gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life
20、. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case.After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it beca
21、use she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words. “Paid in full with a glass of milk.”(Signed) Dr. Howard KellTears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently: “Thank Yo
22、u, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands.”一杯牛奶 一天，一个贫穷的男孩为了挣学费正在挨家挨户地推销商品。他饥肠辘辘，身上却只有一角钱，于是他决定向下一户人家讨口饭吃。然而，当年轻美丽的女主人打开门时，男孩却失去了勇气。他没有要饭吃，而只是要一杯水喝。女主人看到他饥饿的样子，就给他端来一大杯牛奶。他慢慢喝完牛奶，然后问到：“我该给您多少钱？”“你不欠我什么，”女主人回答。“妈妈曾经教过我对于自己的善举不要接受任何回报。”男孩说：“那么我衷心向您表示感谢。”离开那座房子的时候，霍华德凯利不仅感觉到自己的身体更加强壮了
23、，而且自己对于上帝和人类的信仰也更坚定了。就在这之前，他几乎就要放弃了。多年以后，当年那位年轻的女士身患重病，而当地的医生束手无策。最后，他们把她送到了大城市，邀请专家们共同研究这种罕见的疾病。霍华德凯利医生，现在已经颇有名声，也受邀来参加这次会诊。当他听说这位女士来自于哪个城镇时，他的双眼充满了异样的光芒。他立刻站起来，穿过医院大厅来到那位女士的病房。他穿着白大褂去看望她，并且立刻认出了她。他回到会诊室，决定尽自己最大努力挽救她的生命。从那天开始，他特别关注她的病情。抗争了很长时间之后，那位女士终于战胜了病魔。凯利医生让医院财务室把最后的账单交给他。他看了看账单，在边上写了点什么。账单被送到
24、了那位女士的病房。她不敢打开账单，因为她很确定这笔钱需要用她的余生去偿还。最终她还是看了，账单边上的字引起了她的注意。她读到：“已用一杯牛奶付清全款。”（签名）霍华德凯利医生 惊喜的泪水汹涌而出，她默默地祈祷：“谢谢你，上帝。你的爱已经在人类的心中和手上传播开来。”重点单词：1. dime dam n. 一角硬币2. baffle bf()l vt. 使困惑；使受挫折3. consulation knsjlen n. 咨询；协议会4. gown gan n. 长袍，长外衣5. pray pre vi. 祈祷重点短语 / 亮点句式：1. As Howard Kelly left that hou
25、se, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in God and the human race.离开那座房子的时候，霍华德凯利不仅感觉到自己的身体更加强壮了，而且自己对于上帝和人类的信仰也更坚定了。(1) 这是一个主从复合句，as引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”。(2) not only but also 是一组并列连词，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅而且”；其中的also有时可以省略。如：She not only plays well, but also wr
26、ites music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。He not only writes his own plays, he also acts in them. 他不仅是自编剧本, 还饰演其中的角色。Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。2. give up 放弃。如：The doctors had given her up but she made a remarkable recovery.医生们已放弃了治愈她的希望，而她却恢复得很好。Y
27、ou ought to give up smoking for your health.为了健康你应该戒烟。3. call in 召集；召来。如：We had better call in a specialist at this critical moment.在这个关键时刻我们最好请一位专家来。4. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off.她不敢打开账单，因为她很确定这笔钱需要用她的余生去偿还。这是一个复杂的主从复合句。主
28、句部分是She was afraid to open it；because引导原因状语从句。在这个原因状语从句中，含有that引导的宾语从句，而且宾语从句使用了形式主语it代替不定式短语to pay it off。pay off 付清；还清。如：He paid off the debt of his friend with the money raised by his writings.他用稿费的收入偿清了朋友的债务。练习：1. At worst well have to sell the house so as to _ our debts. A. take off B. give off
29、 C. put off D. pay off2. When did the woman know Dr. Kelly was just the boy she once helped?答案：1. D 考查固定短语pay off “还清”。句意：在最坏的情况下，我们将不得不卖掉房子来还清债务。2. When she saw the bill and his signature. 人际关系是高考命题最常见的话题之一，该话题主要包括各种人与人之间的关系、矛盾冲突和问题的解决等。此话题多包含爱恋、友谊、信任、尊重和感恩等，贴近学生日常生活，并为他们所熟悉。以这些话题命题有利于促进学生身心健康成长，形成
30、良好的价值观和积极向上的舆论导向。近几年的高考英语命题当中，各种题型如听力、完形填空、阅读理解、七选五、语法填空、短文改错、书面表达等该话题频频出现。【话题词汇】1.abandon vt.抛弃，舍弃，放弃2.abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用3.accompany vt.陪伴；陪同；伴奏4.acquaintance n.相识(的人)；熟人5.admirable adj.值得赞赏的；可钦佩的6.adopt vt.收养；采用；通过7.ancestor n.祖宗；祖先8.appreciate vt.欣赏；感激9.argue vi.争辩，争论10.argument n.争论，辩论11.associat
31、e vt.使联合12.attitude n.态度13.barrier n.屏障，障碍14.beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的15.benefit n.益处，好处；v.受益；有益于16.bother vt.打扰；麻烦17.blame vt.责备，指责18.bride n.新娘19.bridegroom n.新郎20.bury v.埋葬；埋藏；遮盖21.close adj.关系亲密的；靠近的panion n.同伴；同事；伴侣plain v.抱怨；投诉24.condemn vt.谴责，指责；宣判25.conflict n.冲突26.congratulate vt.祝贺27.con
32、gratulation n.祝贺28.conscience n.良心；良知29.cooperate vi.合作30.colleague n.同事；同僚31.divorce vt.离婚32.direct v.管理；指挥33.enthusiastic adj.热情的34.familiar adj.熟悉的35.friction n.摩擦36.friendly adj.友好的37.forgive vt.原谅38.generation n.代；世代；一代人39.grateful adj.感激的40.harmony n.和睦；和谐41.harmonious adj.和谐的42.headmaster n.(
33、中小学)校长43.headteacher n.班主任；(中小学)校长44.household n.一家人；家庭45.junior n.年幼者；低年级学生46.merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的47.misunderstand vt.误会；不理解48.modest adj.谦虚的；谦逊的49.neighbourhood n.社区；街坊50.nephew n.侄子；外甥51.partner n.伙伴；搭档；同伴52.teenager n.青少年53.patient adj.有耐心的54.patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地55.politely adv.礼貌地56.precious
34、adj.珍贵的57.prejudice n.偏见，成见58.private adj.私人的；个人的；私有的；不公开的；秘密的；私立的59.promote vt.促进；提升60.quarrel n.& vi.争吵；吵架61.relative n.亲戚62.relationship n.关系63.reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的64.respect vt.尊重；尊敬65.respectful adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的66.senior n.年长者；高年级学生67.separate v.使分离，分开68.share vt.分享；合用；分摊；n.股份；份额69.sincere adj.真诚的
35、70.tension n.紧张局势71.tolerance n.忍受72.treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；n.款待1.a lack of understanding缺乏理解2.be concerned for/about对担心/关心3.be familiar to为所熟悉4.be in harmony with.与和谐相处/协调5.be on good terms(与某人)关系好6.be tolerant with包容7.be to blame应受责备8.break up分手；解散；结束9.bring up养育；抚养；教育10.care for喜欢11.depend/rely on依靠
36、，相信，信赖12.fit in with与相适应/合得来13.get on/along well with sb.与某人相处融洽14.get in touch with与取得联系15.go wrong出毛病；失败16.have.in common有共同之处17.have words with与发生口角18.keep cool保持冷静19.keep in touch with与保持联系20.look down upon/on鄙视，看不起21.make up和解22.share feelings and ideas with与分享情感和想法23.show respect for尊重24.split
37、 up分开；分手 I. 阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHave you ever dreamed of meeting top scientists in person? If so, what would you want to ask them?For Tan Fanglin, a 15-year-old girl from No. 2 High School of East China Normal University in Shanghai, her dream of meeting top scientists has already
38、come true. In October 2019, she attended the World Laureates Forum for a second time, which had attracted 44 Nobel Prize Winners and 21 other world-class award winners. Tan was by far the youngest participant among the scientists invited to be at the meeting of the worlds sharpest minds.Her discover
39、y about the relationship between the Fibonacci sequence (斐波那契数列) and Bzout numbers (贝祖数) has won her many prizes in youth innovation competitions both in Shanghai and elsewhere in China. Her finding has been praised by the famous Canadian mathematician, Professor Rankin, who has been studying the sa
40、me theme for five years but with no conclusions.From a very young age, Tan has always been fascinated by mathematics. This is largely because her father, who teaches mathematics in East China Normal University, has a profound impact on her. According to Xu Jun, the head teacher, Tan doesnt take afte
41、r-school classes or too many extra exercises either. Her mastering of Advanced Mathematics and her good grades in school are thanks to the right study method. Her mother told Guangming Daily that Tan always treats studying and life with a positive state of mind so she can feel happy while studying.A
42、ttending this forum enabled Tan to get more inspiration from top scientists. She even got the opportunity to talk with Gero Miesenbock, the 2019 Warren Alpert Foundation Prize winner. She asked Professor Miesenbock what he considered were the best personal qualities for conducting scientific researc
43、h. Miesenbock encouraged her not to lose her passion and love for what she does. He said that accepting failures is crucial for researchers. He stressed that people all knew that even Thomas Edison went through hundreds of unsuccessful attempts before finally inventing the light bulb. The words made
44、 Tan feel inspired and she promised to keep her curiosity and interests in mathematics and overcome any obstacles in her research.1.What can we learn about Tan Fanglin according to paragraph 2?A.She is a student from East China Normal University.B.She frequently participates in the World laureates F
45、orum.C.She achieved her goal of meeting world-class award winners.D.She was the youngest and sharpest mind among the invited scientists.2.What made Tan so interested in the study of mathematics?A.Her fathers influence.B.Her right study method.C.Her positive attitude.D.Her head teachers encouragement
46、.3.According to Miesenbock, the most important quality for science researchers is .A.learning from the past failuresB.being curious and interestedC.being passionate about scienceD.getting inspiration from scientists4.What might be the best title for the passage?A.The Key to Be a Top ScientistB.A Stu
47、dent Inspired by Top MindsC.A Dream to Be a MathematicianD.An Outstanding Girl Tan FanglinBMy name is Lwazi Nzimande. I started my schooling at Thukeyana Primary Farm School in Underberg, KwaZuluNatal.I had a favourite teacher in primary school. Her name was Miss Dube. She taught me natural science
48、and human social sciences in grade six and seven, and had a way of pushing learners to be able to think for themselves. She made sure that each and every learner took part in every lesson. She used pictures, diagrams (图表) and other things to make learning easier and more unforgettable, moving at a p
49、ace that was suitable for all students. As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability (可靠性). Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, dont you?In my opinion, patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability are some of the things that all teac
50、hers should have and show. A patient teacher is one who understands that some learners need more explanation than others to understand something in class. He or she should always be willing to help learners. An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook. A teacher who is respec
51、ted will find it easy to control a class. Respect is earned through what a teacher says to learners or how he or she deals with them in general.Miss Dube often told us not to badmouth or make fun of others. She also did so. She never badmouthed other teachers in front of us. Also, Miss Dube never ma
52、de fun of her learners. She thought making fun of learners in front of others would hurt them and damage their confidence.Miss Dube was also very honest. From my point of view, thats also what a good teacher should be like. If she didnt have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know.
53、This set a good example to the learners.5.Why was Miss Dube the authors favourite teacher?A.Because of her rich knowledge.B.Because of her good appearance.C.Because of her teaching style and character.D.Because of her lifestyle and attitude to students.6.What does the author think an open-minded tea
54、cher should do?A.Pay close attention to every students improvement.B.Tell about something outside the textbook.C.Avoid believing everything in the textbook.D.Show great respect for her students.7.What can we learn about Miss Dube from Paragraph 4?A.She liked praising her students.B.She was very conf
55、ident in class.C.She got along well with other teachers.D.She set a good example to her students.8.What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph mean?A.Being a very patient teacher.B.Answering students questions.C.Being honest in front of students.D.Teaching students very difficult thin
56、gs.CWhen I was a child, my parents often took me to an old house in a thick forest. No other children ever stayed there. I didnt even have the choice of playing with a brother or sister.I could never understand what the attraction of the house was, even for my parents, who enjoyed nothing better tha
57、n to sit in silence with a good book. The woman in the house, my fathers distant cousin, was a terrible cook and her food was inedible.One day, when I was wandering around the garden behind the house, I noticed a wooden house which had clearly been abandoned (被遗弃的). As I walked towards it, I heard a
58、 noise, like an animal moving hurriedly away. Then I saw a man with a long beard (胡须) standing at the door. I was greatly surprised.“Please dont tell them you saw me,” he said. “They never use this place, and I have nowhere else to live.” “Dont worry,” I said. “I wont tell anyone. But are you all ri
59、ght out here? I mean do you have enough to eat?” The old man shook his head.The same evening, I took a small plastic bag into the dining room and, while no one was looking, emptied some of the food into it. Later, I got out of the back door secretly and gave the food to the old man, whose name I had
60、 discovered was Tom.I have never seen anything else as lovely as the smile of satisfaction on Toms face when he ate the food. From then on, my visits to the old house had a purpose, and I enjoyed every minute of the rest of my stay.9.How did the writer feel about staying in the old house at first?A.
61、He felt very lonely.B.He was happy to be with his parents.C.He was pleased with the woods.D.He enjoyed reading good books there.10.The underlined word “inedible” is closest in meaning to “_”.A.nice to look atB.too bad to eatC.not enough to eatD.as delicious as usual11.What can we know about the old
62、man from the passage?A.He liked to play computer games.B.He helped to repair the old house.C.He was poor and hungry.D.He raised many animals.12.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Its valuable to help others.B.Its good to live in the forest.C.Its comfortable to live in the old house.D.Its nice to
63、 raise wild animals.DWhen Mike Mushaw decided to join the national bone marrow (骨髓) registry nearly three years ago, he never ready gave it a second thought. After all, he did it only because his college, football coach had encouraged him and his teammates to register. But about six months after the
64、 sign-up, he did get a call. The now 21-year-old linebackers bone marrow matched a patient in Virginia. Mushaw had to decide whether to go all in. It would mean spending a night in the hospital and undergoing general anesthesia, which carries some risk. And hed likely never know whether his donation
65、 worked. “Once they took 17 vials (试管) of blood, I was like, All right this is real. This is going to happen.”His donation went to a five-month-old girl named Eleanor who was sick with a rare immune-deficiency disease that was diagnosed when she was only three month old. Eleanor had rarely left her
66、house other than to travel to the hospital or the doctor. “Eleanor was going to die without a bone marrow transplant,” her mother, Jessica, told NBC.Still, there was no guarantee of success. Eleanors family had hoped that she would have some improvement from the transplant, enough to live a more nor
67、mal, life. Instead, after a few weeks, the doctors at Childrens National Hospital in Washington, D.C., came back with shocking news: Eleanors condition hadnt just improvedMushaws bone marrow had cured her.Mushaw didnt know any of this until months after his donation. In most cases, the donor and rec
68、ipient remain anonymous to each other. But about six months after the procedure, Eleanors parents sent him an e-mail to thank him for saving her life.“When they told me it was a little girl, I got a little choked up,” Mushaw says. But their surprising connection was only beginning. Mushaw asked whet
69、her he and Eleanor could FaceTime regularly so he could check on her progress. “It was amazing to watch her and be a part of her life,” he says. Eleanor kept tabs on him, too, by watching his football games on TV. Mushaw often invited her family to drive from Virginia to Connecticut to meet at his g
70、ames where tiny shouts of “Mike! Mike!” could be heard from the stands as the little girl cheered on her very own hero.“I had waited by that point well over a year to finally give a hug to this guy who saved my daughters life,” Jessica says. “We felt like we were on cloud nine all weekend getting to
71、 spend time with him and have him be with Eleanor.” In January, Mushaw reunited with Eleanor, this time in Virginia, to celebrate her birthday. It will likely be the first of many celebrations together. “As a parent, it feels really great to watch someone love your kid as much as you do,” Jessica sa
72、ys. We were two complete strangers, and now weve become such a big part of each others lives.”13.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.Mushaw decided to join the national bone marrow registry on his own.B.Mushaw was unwilling to donate his bone marrow.C.Mushaw at first wondered whether his do
73、nation would work.D.Mushaw signed up the bone marrow registry at 21.14.What does the underlined phrase “kept tabs on” in paragraph 5 mean?A.pay a price toB.pay close attention toC.keep a record ofD.keep pace with15.What can we know about Eleanor from the article?A.Eleanor was often taken out to trav
74、el before deceiving the donation.B.Eleanors family was certain that she could be cured with the donation.C.Eleanor was excited when watching Mikes football game.D.Eleanor first saw Mushaw when Mushaw went to Virginia to celebrate her birthday.16.Which is the best title for the article?A.A Little Lif
75、e Saved, A Big Friend MadeB.A Medical MiracleC.A Lucky TransplantD.Donation Working, Girl SavedA【答案】1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了受邀参加世界诺贝尔奖论坛的来自华东师大二附中高一的方琳介绍的学习经历及其科学成就，并指出这次论坛使谈方琳从顶尖科学家那里学到很多。1.细节理解题。根据方琳受邀参加了世界诺贝尔奖论坛，尤其是第二段“her dream of meeting top scientists has already come true.”她会见顶尖科学家的梦想
76、已经实现了。可知，她实现了遇见世界级获奖者的目标。故选C项。2.细节理解题。根据第四段“From a very young age, Tan has always been fascinated by mathematics. This is largely because her father, who teaches mathematics in East China Normal University, has a profound impact on her.”从很小的时候起，谭就一直对数学着迷。这很大程度上是因为她在华东师范大学教数学的父亲对她产生了深远的影响。可知，她父亲的影响使谭
77、对数学研究很感兴趣。故选A项。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“She asked Professor Miesenbock what he considered were the best personal qualities for conducting scientific research.Miesenbock encouraged her not to lose her passion and love for what she does. He said that accepting failures is crucial for researchers.”她问米森博克教授，他认为从事
78、科学研究的最佳的个人品质是什么。米森伯克鼓励她不要失去对自己工作的热情和热爱。他说，接受失败对研究人员来说至关重要。可知，米森伯克认为，科学研究者最重要的素质是接受过去的失败，从过去的失败中吸取教训。故选A项。4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了受邀参加论坛的来自华东师大二附中高一的方琳介绍的学习经历及其科学成就，以及这次论坛使谈方琳从顶尖科学家那里学到很多。可知，文章主要围绕受顶尖人才激励的学生方琳展开。故选B项。B【答案】5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，为什么Miss Dube是作者小学阶段最喜欢的老师。5.推理判断题。由第二段中的“She used pictu
79、res, diagrams (图表) and other things to make learning easier and more unforgettable, moving at a pace that was suitable for all students. As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability (可靠性). Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, dont you?”（她用图片
80、、图表和其他东西使学习更容易、更难忘，以适合所有学生的节奏。作为一名教师，她表现出耐心、尊重、开放和可靠。现在你知道她为什么是我小学最喜欢的老师了吧？），可推断出作者喜欢Miss Dube是因为她的教学风格和性格。故选C项。6.细节理解题。由第三段中的“An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook.”（一个思想开明的老师会超越课本上的内容），可知一个思想开明的教师不会局限于课本，会讲课本以外的东西。故选B项。7.推理判断题。由第四段中的“Miss Dube often told us not to bad
81、mouth or make fun of others. She also did so. She never badmouthed other teachers in front of us. Also, Miss Dube never made fun of her learners.”（Miss Dube经常告诉我们不要说坏话或取笑别人。她也这么做了。她从不在我们面前说其他老师的坏话。而且，杜贝小姐从不取笑她的学生），可推断出Miss Dube以身作则，不说其他老师坏话，也不取笑学生，给学生树立了一个好榜样。故选D项。8.指代猜测题。由最后一段中的“Miss Dube was also
82、very honest.”（Miss Dube也很诚实。）和“If she didnt have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know.”（如果她对一个问题没有答案，她会让她的学习者知道），可推断出This指Miss Dube在学生面前很诚实一事。故选C项。C【答案】9.A 10.B 11.C 12.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者小时候和父母去看望一位远房亲戚，开始觉得孤独。一天，作者见到一位老人，并帮助这位老人找食物，和他相处中，作者过的很开心。9.推理判断题。由第一段的第二句“No other chil
83、dren ever stayed there.”和第三句“I didnt even have the choice of playing with a brother or sister.”可知，没有其他的小孩在那里，我根本没有和兄弟姐妹玩的机会。由此可见，作者呆在老房子，没有兄弟姐妹一起玩，一开始感到孤独。结合选项可知，选项A正确。10.词义猜测题。由第二段的最后一句“The woman in the house, my fathers distant cousin, was a terrible cook and her food was inedible.”可知，在这个房子的女人，我父亲
84、的远房亲戚，是一位糟糕的厨师，她的食物是不可食用的。由此可见，远房亲戚糟糕的厨艺，使得她的食物很难吃下去，inedible指的是“不能吃的”意思。结合选项可知，选项B正确。11.推理判断题。由第四段的第二句“They never use this place, and I have nowhere else to live.”和最后一句“I wont tell anyone. But are you all right out here? I mean do you have enough to eat?” The old man shook his head.”可知，他们没有使用这个地方，并
85、且我没有其他地方可以居住。“我不会告诉其他人。但是你在这外面还好吗？我的意思是你由足够的食物吃吗？”这个老人摇摇头。由此可见，这个老人贫穷，没有房子居住，而且没有食物吃，处在饥饿的状态。结合选项可知，选项C正确。12.主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，第一段最后一句“I didnt even have the choice of playing with a brother or sister.”表示的是我甚至连和兄弟姐妹一起玩的机会都没有。第三段的倒数第二句“Then I saw a man with a long beard (胡须) standing at the door.”表示的是然后我看
86、见一个长满长胡须的男人站在门口。第四段的最后一句“I wont tell anyone. But are you all right out here? I mean do you have enough to eat?” The old man shook his head.”表示的是“我不会告诉其他人。但是你在这外面还好吗？我的意思是你由足够的食物吃吗？”这个老人摇摇头。第五段的最后一句“Later, I got out of the back door secretly and gave the food to the old man, whose name I had discover
87、ed was Tom.”表示的是稍后，我从后门悄悄地出去，然后将食物给这位我已经发现是叫Tom的老人。最后一段最后一句“From then on, my visits to the old house had a purpose, and I enjoyed every minute of the rest of my stay.”表示的是从那时起，我去这个老房子都带了一个目的，并且我享受我剩下几天的每一分钟。由此可见，本文主要是在讲述作者通过帮助一位老人，感受到助人的价值和快乐。结合选项，选项A正确。D【答案】13.C 14.B 15.C 16.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mike
88、 Mushaw的骨髓与一位患有一种罕见免疫缺陷疾病且只有五个月大的小女孩配对成功。他不仅救了这个小女孩，并与小女孩的一家建立了深厚的友谊。13.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“And hed likely never know whether his donation worked.(而且他可能永远也不知道他的捐助是否有效。)”可知，起初Mushaw怀疑他的捐献是否能奏效。故选C。14.词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“It was amazing to watch her and be a part of her life,” he says.(他说:“看着她，成为她生活的一部分，真是太棒了。”)”和
89、划线词后面的“too, by watching his football games on TV.”Eleanor经常在电视上看他踢足球，可知，Eleanor也密切关注着他。可以猜测kept tabs on为“密切关注”之意。故选B。15.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Mushaw often invited her family to drive from Virginia to Connecticut to meet at his games where tiny shouts of “Mike! Mike!” could be heard from the stands as the little girl cheered on her very own hero.”可知，小女孩为她自己的英雄Mike欢呼时，看台上都能听到。从而推断出，Eleanor看Mike的足球比赛时很兴奋。故选C。16.主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章讲述了Mike Mushaw的骨髓与一位患有一种罕见的免疫缺陷疾病且只有五个月大的小女孩配对成功。他不仅救了这个小女孩，并与小女孩的一家建立了深厚的友谊。所以用“A Little Life Saved, A Big Friend Made”(拯救小生命，获得大友谊)作为文章的标题最为合适。故选A。