1、Module 2 A Job Worth DoingPeriod 3 Grammar 语法专题课 复习动词时态()【课前热身】用所给词的适当形式填空。Before he volunteered to direct the traffic,Timoteo_(have)lots of jobs.Then one day while he was working as a lorry driverhe _(have)a close encounter with death.had hadhadI _(watch)the opening ceremony of QingdaoBeer Festival
2、 last year.A few years later,he was called out in the night tohelp pull people out of a bus which _(crash)at la curva del diablo.watchedhad crashed【课堂诠解】.一般过去时 构成:主语+动词过去式1.主要用于表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。(2018全国卷)During my last winter holiday,I _ _ the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.上个
3、寒假,我和我的爸爸去乡村看望爷爷奶奶去了。went to2.表示过去一段时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often,usually,sometimes等表示频度的词连用。I often went to school on foot last term.译:_ 上学期我经常步行去上学。3.在以下句型中,常用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。It is(high/about)time(that)you _ to bed.你该睡觉了。I would rather they _ tomorrow.我宁愿他们明天来。wentcame.过去进行时 构成:主语+was/were+现在分词1.过去进行时主要表示过去
4、某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。(2017天津高考)I _(drive)down to Londonwhen I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.was driving2.表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon.译:_ 他说他们今天下午要去北京。3.过去进行时中有always,forever,continually,constantly修饰时,表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。My grandpa _ _ _
5、 me interesting stories when I was young.当我小的时候,我爷爷总是给我讲有趣的故事。He was always thinking of others.译:_ was always telling他总是为别人考虑。.过去完成时 构成:主语+had+过去分词1.过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或某一动作以前已经完成的动作。这个过去的时间常用by,before等引出的介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示,也可以暗含在上下文中。I _ _ my homework before my mother cameback from work.在母亲下班回来之前我就完成了作业。Th
6、e play _ already _ when we got to the theatre.我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。had finishedhadstartedBy the end of June they _ _ over 10,000 patients.到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。had treated2.过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作 或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去,常与for,since等词连用。He _ _ in the army for ten years before he retired last year.他在部队干了十年,去年退役了。had s
7、erved(2018全国卷)It _ _ 13 years since Id lastseen him.自从我和他上次见面,已经十三年了。He _ _ English for eight years before he went to England for further study.他去英国深造前,已学了八年英语。had beenhad learned3.使用过去完成时态的几个典型句型:(1)主语+had+hardly(scarcely)+过去分词+when(before)+主语+一般过去时/主语+had+no sooner+过去 分词+than+主语+一般过去时。He _ hardly
8、_ into the room when the telephonerang.他刚一进房间,电话铃就响了。hadgotThey _ no sooner _ home than it began to rain.他们一到家,天就下起雨来了。(2)表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图,用过去完 成时。常用动词有:hope,think,expect,intend,mean,suppose,want等。hadgotI _ _ to meet my best friend at the party buthe didnt come.我本来期望在聚会上见到我最好的朋 友,但是他没来。(3)It was+时间
9、+since+主语+过去完成时。It was at least ten years since I _ _ a good drink.我至少有十年没有好好喝一次了。had expectedhad enjoyed(4)This/It was the first/second/.time+that从句(从句 用过去完成时)。It was the first time that I _ _ home.那是我第一次 离家。had left【名师指津】(1)no sooner或hardly放于句首时,句子用倒装语序;(2)hardly.when.,no sooner.than.与as soon as同义
10、。.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别1.过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有在和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才用。They had already finished doing their homework when the teacher came into their bedroom.当老师走进他们的寝室时,他们已做完了作业。2.一般过去时表示的时间是过去发生的,与现在无关。The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been.老人说他想去从未去过的地方。【共享课堂】1.一般过去时可以表示在过去某时或某段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,也可用于一些固定句型。2.过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作;也可表示过去将要发生的动作;另外与always,constantly,continuously,all the time等连用时表示赞扬、惊奇、讨厌等感情色彩。3.过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或存在的状态,即表示“过去的过去”;用于动词hope,wish时,表示“原本打算做而未做某事”;另外,还可用于特殊的句型中。同时,还要特别注意该时态与一般过去时的区别。