1、语法一 不定式作目的状语一、基本用法不定式作为非谓语动词的一种形式，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。不定式作状语表示目的时常用的结构为to do,only to do,in order to/so as to do。二、位置不定式作状语表示目的，可以置于句首或句末，置于句首时通常用逗号与其他部分隔开。You must do everything you can to help them.你必须尽最大努力帮助他们。To search for the lost plane,the local government sent out hundreds of people.为了寻找那架
2、失踪的飞机，当地政府派出了好几百人。三、其他形式有时为了加强语气，可在不定式前加 in order 和 so as，即构成in order to 和 so as to，但 so as to 不能放在句首。She studied very hard in order to/so as to pass the exam.为了通过考试，她非常努力地学习。In order to catch the first bus to work,he gets up early every day.为赶早班车去上班，他每天起得很早。四、否定式不定式的否定结构应在不定式符号 to 前加否定词 not，构成 not
3、to do,in order not to do 或 so as not to do 结构。I studied in my spare time in order not to/so as not to fall behind others.为了不落在别人后面，我业余时间都在学习。特别提醒 不定式表示目的时，它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语；若不是，就用 for 结构表示逻辑主语。He spoke slowly for us to follow him.他说得很慢为的是让我们跟上他。考情分析非谓语动词是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是历届高考的重点语法项目。在近五年高考中，非谓语动词的考查每年都有
4、所涉及，为高频出现题型，其中非谓语动词中涉及的语态和时态问题应重点掌握，并能识别谓语动词和非谓语动词，掌握非谓语动词作宾语、定语、状语、补语时的区别以及非谓语动词各种构成形式、所表示的时间和逻辑关系，现在分词和不定式作结果状语时的区别应引起足够重视。批语非谓语动词中的现在分词和过去分词都不能作目的状语。即时训练 1单句填空1_(catch)the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.2_(be)an effective learner,you must have good study strategie
5、s.3_(do)the experiment,you need three things.4_(learn)more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.To catchTo beTo doTo learn语法二 结果状语从句基本用法结果状语从句用来补充说明主句中谓语的动作发生的结果，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。结果状语从句一般放在句末，通常由so,so that,so.that.,such.that.引导。本模块主要学习由 so.that.和 such.
6、that.引导的结果状语从句。1soadj./adv.that.和 soadj.a/an可数名词单数that.结构They played so happily that they forgot the time.他们玩得如此愉快以至于忘了时间。He is so good a boy that we all like him.他是如此好的一个男孩以至于我们都喜欢他。特别提醒 当名词前有表示“多、少”概念的 many,much,few,little 时，其前用 so 修饰(若 little 意为“小”，则用 such 修饰)。I have so little money that I have t
7、o find another job.我的钱如此少以至于我不得不再找份工作。There were so many interesting books that I didnt know which to choose.有那么多有趣的书，我不知道该选哪本了。2.sucha/anadj.可数名词单数that.和 suchadj.可数名词复数/不可数名词that.结构This is such an interesting book that I like to read it.这是一本如此有趣的书以至于我很喜欢读它。Its such nice weather that all of us want
8、to go to the park.天气如此之好，以至于我们都想去公园。特别提醒 1so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，相当于in order that，且从句中常有may,might,can,could,would 等情态动词。He got up early so that he could get to school on time.他起得很早，以便能准时到校。2倒装结构：为强调 so.that.结构中的形容词或副词，可以把 so 放在句首，主句用部分倒装结构。So excited was he that he couldnt fall asle
9、ep the whole night.他兴奋得整夜无法入眠。So loudly did he speak that everyone heard him clearly.他说话声音很大，每个人都听得清楚。考情分析状语从句包括时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、目的和结果状语从句。高考中状语从句的考查主要集中在对连词的含义及其用法的掌握上，并能区别一些连词。同时注重考查状语从句的时态和省略。考查不同的连词在不同的语境中所表示的不同意义也是重点。当然，结果状语从句是考点之一，该考点的难点是正确判断 so.that.和 such.that.结构的区别以及 so 和 such 的选择。高考佳句Natalie
10、s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.Natalie 的学校损毁如此严重，她只能暂时上布鲁克林的学校。即时训练 2单句填空1People in ancient times set down a series of important events _ that we now have what is called history.2Ill speak slowly _ that you can understand me.3They had _ much difficult
11、y in keeping in touch with each other that they decided to move to the same city.4So hot _ it that all went swimming.5There was _ little water left that only children were given some.sososowasso.用 so 或 such 完成句子1It is _ fine weather that we all went for an outing.2They were _ addictive drugs that dr
12、ug users couldnt stop using them.3He is _ a little boy that he cant dress himself.4The man was _ poor that he couldnt afford the big house.5There were _ many beautiful things that we didnt know which one to choose.6They are _ good villagers that we get on well with them.suchsuchsuchsososuch7He is _
13、a nice boy that people all like him.8He is_ nice a boy that we all like him.9We made _ few mistakes that we were praised by our teacher.10He was late for school again _ that he was scolded by the teacher.suchsososo.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Im proud _(learn)that Shenzhou IX was sent up into space successfully.2H
14、e hurried to the supermarket,only _(find)the milk had been sold out.3I ran so as _(be)late for the important meeting.4_(know)more information about the product,you can call me at any time.5The reporter hurried to the restaurant,only _(tell)the star had left.to learnto findnot to beTo knowto be told.
15、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One year,our son Jay,1._ was six years old,asked for a new sound system.“Please bring me a new stereo(立体声音响)so I dont have to listen to my dads old music，”he told the shops Santa.His mother and I knew 2._ to do next.1答案与解析：who 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Jay，从句中缺少主语，故
16、用关系代词 who。2答案与解析：what 此处表示“听到我儿子对商店里的圣诞老人索要礼物后，他妈妈和我就知道接下来该做什么了”。what引导宾语从句。3_ Christmas Eve,we asked Jay to sleep in our bed at the back of the house,where the sound of Santa wouldnt wake 4._.I spent the whole night putting together that stereo in the spare bedroom.3答案与解析：On 在具体时间前需用介词 on。on Christ
17、mas Eve 意为“在圣诞前夜”。4答案与解析：him 此处指代 Jay 作宾语，him 符合语境。At one point,I took a break to move Jay from our bed to his he was afraid that Santa might think he wasnt home and would forget 5._(leave)presents.He moved a bit while I carried him 6._ never opened his eyes.5答案与解析：to leave forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某
18、事”；forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”。此处指他担心圣诞老人会忘记给他送礼物，所以用不定式形式。6答案与解析：but 根据句意可知此处表示转折语气，故用并列连词 but。At last,I 7._(finish)the stereo and put it by the tree.Robin and I fell 8._(sleep)early that Christmas morning,filled with 9._(satisfy).At 7 am,Jay woke us up and led us to the Christmas tree in the hall.He fell in love with 10._ sound system.7答案与解析：finished 根据语境可知此处是在讲述发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。8答案与解析：asleep 此处 fall 为系动词，故设空处需用形容词作表语。fall asleep 意为“入睡”。9答案与解析：satisfaction with 为介词，后需用名词形式作宾语。satisfaction 为名词，意为“满足；满意”。10答案与解析：the 此处特指上文提到的音响设备，故用定冠词 the。