1、Section Language Points()(Topic Talk & Lesson 1).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1He easily defeated(战胜)his opponent in the election.2What is your biggest source of inspiration(灵感)?3My secretary leaves us next week，so we are advertising for a replacement(替换的人)4I am filled with desire(渴望)to go back home.5The tr
2、aveler took out a bottle of water from the pack(包裹)on his back.6I prefer going to the cinema to watching TV.7He cut down on coffee and cigarettes，and ate a balanced diet.8She decided to rent out a room to get extra income.9The little girl presented the champion with flowers.10The plane crashed but t
3、he crew were safe.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1frequent adj.频繁的，经常的frequently adv.频繁地；经常地frequency n发生的频率，发生率2prefer vt.更喜欢preference n偏爱；优先3balance n平衡，均衡；天平 vt.权衡；使平衡balanced adj.均衡的4replace vt.替换；取代replacement n替换的人/物5gather vi.&vt.聚集，聚合gathering n聚集；集会6sharp adj.锋利的；突然的；灵敏的sharply adv.严厉地；毫不客气地7energy n
4、力量，活力energetic adj.精力充沛的8crowd n人群crowded adj.拥挤的9earn vt.赢得；博得earning n收入；赚得的钱.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1rather than而不是2in good/bad shape 体形好/不好3get hurt 受伤4on ones own 独立；独自5try out for sth. 参加选拔；争取成为(团队的一员)6crash into 猛撞，猛击7let.down 让失望8pay off 取得成功；奏效9keep up with 跟上，保持同步10hit sb.on the shoulder 拍某人肩膀.选词填空
5、选用上述短语的适当形式填空1He is not so handsome but is in good shape with nice broad shoulders.2They could not keep up with us when we climbed the mountain.3My brother want to try out for the football team.4His hard working will eventually pay off.5Its not easy for him to get around because his leg got hurt.寻规律
6、、巧记忆v.ingn.v.off动词短语smoking 吸烟nursing 护理 writing 写作call off 取消put off 推迟turn off 关掉背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Paul knew that being shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.保罗知道自己比其他球员矮意味着他需要多加练习。动名词作主语Finding work is difficult these days.现今找工作可不容易。2.Paul didnt know hed soon get the chance
7、 that hed been waiting for.保罗不知道他很快就得到他一直等的机会。过去完成进行时She was tired.She had been working all day.她很累了。她整天都在工作。3.I dont think I can play anymore，Coach.教练，我认为我不能再打了。否定前置I dont think I know you.我想我并不认识你。 (教材P28)I prefer to play basketball rather than play football.我宁愿打篮球而不愿踢足球。(1)prefer vt.更喜欢；宁可；宁愿pref
8、er sth./doing sth.更喜欢做某事prefer (sb.)to do sth. 宁愿(某人)做某事prefer (doing)A to (doing)B 宁愿(做)A而不愿(做)Bprefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A而不愿做BI much prefer dogs to cats.和猫比起来我更喜欢狗。I would prefer not to go out today.我今天宁愿不出去。I would prefer playing outdoors to watching(watch)TV.我宁愿在外面玩而不愿看电视。He prefers to
9、go(go)to the movies rather than stay at home.他宁愿去看电影而不愿待在家里。(2)rather than 而不是(1)常用句型宁愿做而,不愿做(2)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。If you are one of them，I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining.如果你是他们中的一员，我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做，而不是抱怨。She preferred
10、to stay(stay)at home rather than go shopping with him.她宁愿待在家里，而不愿与他去购物。Mary，rather than you，is(be)to blame for not finishing the work on time.是玛丽而不是你应为没有按时完成工作而受责备。 balanced adj.均衡的；平衡的(教材P28)have a healthy and balanced diet有一个健康均衡的饮食(1)balanced diet均衡饮食(2)balance n. 平衡；天平vt. 权衡；(使) 平衡keep ones bala
11、nce 保持平衡lose ones balance 失去平衡on balance 总的来说Jane lost her balance on the slipping ground and fell over.地上很滑，简一下子失去了平衡，跌倒了。On balance，we have a good chance of winning the race.总的来说，我们很有希望赢得比赛。The president is planning for a balanced(balance)budget.总裁正在为平衡预算作策划。 try out for sth.参加选拔；争取成为(团队的一员)(教材P30
12、)Paul had to try out many times just for making the team.保罗多次参加选拔，想要入选球队。try out试用，试验try for 试图获得或赢得某物try sth.on 试穿衣物try ones best 尽力try ones luck 试试运气Alisons trying for a job as a research assistant.阿莉森正在争取一份研究助理的工作。We should try our best to attend(attend)on our parents，and make them happy in their
13、 later years.我们应当尽力照顾好我们的父母并使他们晚年幸福。It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team.这件事始于当一位老师建议我参加篮球队员的选拔的时候。 replacement n替换的人/物(教材P30)He was still usually on the bench，being just a replacement，which was really tough on him.然而，他仍旧通常“坐板凳”作为替补队员，这让他感到很痛苦。replace vt.取代；替换replace.b
14、y/with. 以代替/替换I am going to replace my battered car with a new one.我打算买辆新车来取代我那辆破车。We need a replacement(replace)for the secretary who left.我们需要一个人代替已离职的秘书。名师点津表示“代替”的短语还有：in place ofin ones place；take the place oftake ones place。 desire n愿望，欲望，渴望 v渴望，期望(教材P30)Everyone knew Paul had real skills，and
15、was someone who worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team.每个人都知道保罗有着真正的技术，他是一个非常努力的人，并且很渴望为球队打球。(1)a desire for sth.渴望得到某物have a desire to do/that. 有的欲望/愿望(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth. 想让某人做某事desire that sb.(should)动词原形 希望/要求某人做Even so，she impressed the world w
16、ith her courage and strong desire to succeed.尽管如此，她的勇气和渴望成功的强烈愿望给世人留下了深刻的印象。The fans of Li Youbin desired that they (should)watch(watch)his next movie soon.李幼斌的影迷非常渴望观看他的下一部影片。He desires me to go(go)abroad for further education.He desires that I (should) go(go) abroad for further education.他希望我能出国深造
17、。 let sb.down 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望)(教材P31)I wont let you down!我不会让你失望的。let alone更不用说 let down 放下，降低，使失望 let go (of) 放开，松手 let off 宽恕，免除 let out 放掉，发出We fear no death，let alone difficulties.我们死都不怕，何况困难？Because he was a Christian，the judge let him off.由于他是基督徒，法官便对他从轻发落。When she saw him，she let out a cry of
18、 horror.她看见他时吓得大叫一声。 pay off 取得成功；奏效；还清(债务)；有回报(教材P31)And clearly，all the extra hours that hed spent practising alone paid off.很显然，他独自一人训练花的额外时间得到了回报。写出下列句中pay off的含义It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.还清Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.得到
19、回报Did your daring plan pay off? 取得成功pay back偿还，归还；报答；回报；报复pay for 付的钱，受的报应pay up (把应支付的钱)缴清，付清All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam.所有那几周的学习都会在考试的时候见成效。Youll have to pay off your old loan before being allowed a new one.你必须还清旧债，才能重新贷款。If you dont work now，youll pay for it la
20、ter when you fail your exams.你现在不好好学，到考试不及格时就得为此而付出代价。 keep up with 跟上，保持同步(教材P31)The other team just couldnt keep up with his energy and speed.另一支球队无法跟上他的精力和速度。keep at sth.坚持做某事keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep back 忍住，隐瞒；抑制keep off 避开，防止，挡住keep out of 使不进入keep up 保持，继续He kept at the job until fi
21、nished.他坚持把工作干完。 The rain kept us from going(go)out.下雨使我们没法出去。She couldnt keep back her tears.她忍不住哭了。I hope the fine weather will keep up.我希望好天气会保持下去。 crowd n人群；群众(教材P31)He made shot after shot，and the crowd couldnt stop clapping and cheering.他一个接一个的投篮，人群忍不住鼓掌欢呼。(1)a crowd of一群，一伙(2)crowd v. 挤满；涌入cr
22、owd in 挤进crowd out 挤出；推开(3)crowded adj. 拥挤的be crowded with 挤满了I was nearly pushed over by a crowd of children.我差点被一群孩子们推倒。Many football fans crowded in when the gate was opened.大门打开后，许多足球迷都涌了进来。Shops were crowded with customers looking over the colourful displays.商店里挤满了在观看陈列的丰富多采商品的顾客。 hit sb.on the
23、 shoulder 打在某人肩上(教材P31)“Well，” said the Coach as he hit Paul on the shoulder，“youve just earned your place on the team，big guy！”“好，”教练一边拍了下保罗的肩膀一边说，“你为自己赢得了在球队中的地位，大个子！”“hit/beat/strike/pat/touch sb. on/in the 身体部位”这样的结构(其中的定冠词不可用物主代词代替)，如果打在坚硬结实的部位(如head，shoulder，back等)，前面常用介词on；如果打在柔软多肉的部位(如leg，ey
24、e，face等)，前面常用介词in。As I turned around，I accidentally hit him in the face.我转身时不经意撞了他的脸。The stone struck me on the side of the head.石子打中了我头部的侧面。 (教材P30)Paul knew that being shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.保罗知道自己比其他球员矮意味着他需要多加练习。【要点提炼】本句that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中being shorter than o
25、ther players作主语。(1)动名词直接位于句首作主语。(2)用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动名词作主语时，不太常用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile等。Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.大声朗读对我们学一门外语非常重要。It was a w
26、aste of time reading(read)that book.读那本书是浪费时间。 (教材P31)I dont think I can play anymore，Coach.教练，我认为我不能再打了。【要点提炼】本句中I dont think是否定前置，是指如果带有否定的宾语从句，宾语从句中的否定词通常提前，用来否定主句的谓语动词。(1)当主句谓语动词是think，believe，feel，guess，expect，suppose，imagine等表示“观点、信念、推测、臆测”等心理活动时，常常使用这种结构。 (2)这种结构的反义疑问句主语和谓语动词必须与宾语从句中的主语和谓语动词保
27、持一致。 I dont think he is a good swimmer，is he?我认为他不是个好的游泳选手，难道不是吗？I dont think you are right.我想你不对。名师点津(1)当主语为第一人称I，we时，通常反问的是从句；而当主语不是第一人称时，则反问主句。(2)若谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。关系代词的用法语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.When we werent playing on the court which was next to our building，we were watching a game on TV
28、.2.Pauls favourite player was Tyrone Bogues，a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.3.Paul didnt know hed soon get the chance that hed been waiting for.4.They were playing against The Bears，a team whose record was perfect.句子中which，who，that和whose是关系代词，引导定语从句，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分
29、。一、常见关系代词的基本用法1that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于 which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。2which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.(主语)在桌子上的那本书是我父亲买的。3who，whom，whose(1)who主格，在从句中作主语，只可指人。(2)whom宾格，在从句中只能作宾语；只可指人。(3)whose表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为某人的，某物的。(4)whosen.
30、then. of which(某物的)then.of whom(某人的)。二、只能用that，不能用 which的情况1先行词是 all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词或先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰。All the people that come from the country work much harder.所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。2先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、the only，the very，the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只
31、用that，不用 which。The first English novel that I read was Cities.我读的第一本英文小说是城市。This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。This is the only thing that we can do now.这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。3先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用 which。The scientist and his achievements that you tol
32、d me about are admired by us all.我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。The foreign visitors spoke highly of the pioneers and their performances that they saw at the Childrens Palace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。4句中其他位置已出现 which，为避免重复，不用 which而用that引导限定性定语从句。Which is the car that has overtaken us?超过我们的是哪辆车？三、
33、只用which，不能用that的情况1在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词时，关系代词必须用 which。Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born?这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking.这是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。2先行词为“those表事物的复数名词”时，关系代词通常只用 which而不用that。Students should keep in mind those regulations whic
34、h restrict their behavior.学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。A bookshop should deal with a variety of those best sellers which are newly published.书店应该经营新出版的各种畅销书。3当先行词指物，关系词在句中作主语或宾语，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词只能用 which，而不用that。单句语法填空1This is the book whose cover is blue.2The woman who/whom we talked about is my sister.3He told
35、everything that he had seen in the traffic accident.4This was the best model of the TV set that the factory produced last year.5I dont like the girl who/whom you are talking about.6This is the house that/which we have just painted.7The rulers that/which are made of plastic are usually colorful.8He i
36、s the student whose mother is a very famous singer.9Just then I caught sight of a violin which/that was hanging on the wall.10With him was a young fellow whose appearance told of many days in hiding.单句语法填空1Suddenly I felt someone tapping me on the shoulder.2It is no use talking(talk)about that.3The
37、streets were crowded(crowd)with bicyclists.4You must spend less until your debts are paid off.5I know I let you down last week，but you can count on me this time.6My brother greatly desired to go(go)to England.7Over fifty boys came to try out for the football team.8Even on holidays Mr.Wang preferred
38、reading to doing(do)nothing.9A balanced(balance)diet is necessary for good health.10We need to replace the water pipes with new ones.完成句子1阅读法文比讲法语容易。Reading French is easier than speaking it.2我宁愿观赏居住在自然栖息地里的动物，而不愿看关在动物园里的动物。I prefer to see animals in their natural habitat，rather than in zoos.3我猜他不会来参加聚会。 I dont suppose hell come to the party. 4马路上挤满了各种车辆。 The roads are crowded with vehicles of all kinds.5罗伯特用友好的态度轻拍她的头。Robert patted her on the head in a friendly manner.