1、第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题二名词 对 点 训 练 .单句语法填空(高考真题改编)1. (2019年北京卷)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various _ (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save powerthe possibilities are endless. 解析：根据修饰语various可知，此处应用名词复数，指各
2、种各样的活动。答案：activities2. (2019年浙江卷)Other American studies showed no _(connect) between uniforms and school performance.解析：no用来修饰名词，此处用单复数形式均可。答案：connection/connections3. (2019年全国卷)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _ (compete)to watch，toget
3、her with the story behind it. 解析：根据空前的an interesting可知，此处应填动词compete的名词形式competition。答案：competition4. (2019年全国卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _ (believe) that populations are increasing.解析：根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处
4、应填believe的名词形式belief。答案：belief5. (2018年全国卷)This switch has decreased _ (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.解析：句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。答案：pollution6. (2018年全国卷)My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a _ (science)
5、who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.解析：根据前面的不定冠词a以及后面的定语从句可知，先行词是表示人的单数名词，故填scientist。答案：scientist7. (2018年江苏卷)Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the _ (assume) youve made.解析：句意：要努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事，而不要根据自己的假设采取行动。根据语境和空前的定冠词the可知，此处要用所给单词的名词形式。assumption意为“假定，假设”。答
6、案：assumption8. (2017年全国卷)This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side_ (effect)解析：分析语境可知，本句后半部分表达的意思是“有一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知，此处用effect的复数形式effects。side effects意为“副作用”，故填effects。答案：effects9. (2017年全国卷)It ran for jus
7、t under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _ (crowd) on the roads above.解析：因为crowd为可数名词，并且该词前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。答案：crowds10. (2017年全国卷)She has turned down several _ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析：several修饰可数名词复数，故填invitations。答案：invitations11
8、. (2017年浙江卷)Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small _(carrot) and was about to throw them away.解析：根据carrot是可数名词及a handful of 可知，此处应用名词复数，故填carrots。答案：carrots12. (2016年全国卷)The nursery team switches him every few _ (day) with his sister.解析：fe
9、w修饰复数名词，故填days。答案：days13. (2016年全国卷)Recent _ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.解析：本句的谓语动词是show，说明主语是复数名词。故填studies。答案：studies14. (2016年全国卷)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479BC., influenced
10、 the _ (develop) of chopsticks.解析：the名词of意为“的”，这里指“筷子的发展”，故填development。答案：development15. (2016年四川卷)Any smell might attract natural _ (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.解析：自然界的敌人不止一个，应该用复数形式，故填enemies。答案：enemies16. (2015年全国卷)Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking th
11、e limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _ (painting)解析：painting为可数名词，前面有many修饰，用复数形式。故填paintings。答案：paintings17. (2015年全国卷)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _ (able) to “air conditi
12、on” a house without using electric equipment.解析：结合空前面的形容词性物主代词their可知，后面要用able的名词形式。故填ability。答案：ability18. (2015年江苏卷)Some schools will have to make _ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.解析：空处作动词make的宾语，故需用名词，adjustment为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，而空前没有冠词，故填adjustments。答案：adjustments19. (2015年安徽
13、卷)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some _ (think)and then let me know.解析：some后需用名词形式，而thought作“考虑，思索”讲时为不可数名词，故填thought。give sth. some thought 意为“认真考虑某事”。答案：thought20. (2015年江苏卷)Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.Id like to, but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _ (apologize)解析：
14、句意：戴夫，去向你妈妈道歉。我想去，但是我怕她对我的道歉并不满意。空前为形容词性物主代词，故空处应填名词形式。答案：apology/apologies.单句改错1. (2019年全国卷)To everyones surprising, the ball went into the net._解析：to ones surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”。答案：surprisingsurprise2. (2019年全国卷)All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, saying that I had a talent for
15、football._解析：根据前面的All可知，player应用复数形式players。答案：playerplayers3. (2019年全国卷)Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to do._解析：形容词different后跟名词的复数形式。答案：jobjobs4. (2019年全国卷)I wish to have a chain of cafs in many different city._解析：many修饰可数名词复数。答案：citycities5. (2018年全国卷)Last winter wh
16、en I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken._解析：根据前面的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式，故把chicken改为chickens。答案：chickenchickens6. (2018年全国卷)When I was little, Fridays night was our family game night._解析：名词作定语，往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”，并不
17、是所属关系，故把Fridays改为Friday。答案：FridaysFriday7. (2018年全国卷)After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room._解析：all表示三者或三者以上，后用名词复数形式，故把sort改为sorts。答案：sortsorts8. (2017年全国卷)The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turn left！”_解析：word 在此意为“话”，是可数名词，此处表示复数概念，故把
18、word改为words。答案：wordwords9. (2017年全国卷)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet._解析：information 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。答案：informationsinformation10. (2016年全国卷)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest._解析：根据句意可知，此处应用honest的名词形式honesty作表语，故把honest改为honesty。答案：honesthonest
19、y11. (2016年全国卷)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books._解析：knowledge 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。答案：knowledgesknowledge12. (2016年全国卷)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me._解析：此处表示“从13到19岁这几年”，是复数概念。答案：yearyears13. (2016年浙江卷)When I
20、 was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years later._解析：根据前面的主语I可知，此处是单数概念，故把children改为child。答案：childrenchild14. (2015年全国卷)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier._解析：air 意为“空气”时， 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。答案：airsair15. (2015年浙江卷)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass._解析：根据前面的three可知，此处为复数概念，故把side改为sides。答案：sidesides