1、考点规范练7(必修2Module 1)考点规范练第14页.阅读理解(2015河北唐山一模)The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment.These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.David Tilman,a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota,America,examined information fr
2、om 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health.He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized(工业化),population increased and earnings rose,more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.The Western diet is high in suga
3、r,fat,oil and meat.By eating these foods,people began to get fatter and sicker.David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for non-infectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease.Unfortunately when people become industrialized,if they adopt this Western diet,they are going to ha
4、ve these health problems,especially in developing countries in Asia.China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20-year period.And that is happening all across the world,in Me
5、xico,in Nigeria and so on.And,a diet bad for human beings,is also bad for the environment.As the worlds population grows,more forests and tropical(热带的) areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle.We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that co
6、ming out of all forms of transportation right now.Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet,the environment and human health,“a trilemma”a problem offering a difficult choice.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.【语篇导读】自然杂志上一篇新的报告表示,西方饮食对人的健康和环境有不良影响,人们应警惕西方饮食带来的危害。1.Accor
7、ding to the passage,more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from .A.transportationB.developing countriesC.agricultureD.developed countries答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportatio
8、n right now”可知,未来更多的温室气体排放可能来自于农业,故选C项。2.David Tilman believes that .A.the diet,the environment and human health are closely connectedB.the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializesC.people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart diseaseD.traditional diets are more balance
9、d than the Western diet答案:A解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet,the environment and human health.a difficult choice”可知,Tilman先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为三难困境。由此可知,它们三个是紧密相关的,故选A项。3.We can infer from the passage that .A.Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes casesB.overweight p
10、eople are at higher risk of infectious diseasesC.the examined information comes from developing countriesD.industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet答案:D解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“He found that as nations industrialized(工业化),population increased and earnings rose,more people began to a
11、dopt what has been called the Western diet”可推知,工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播,故D项正确。4.The main purpose of the passage is to .A.call on us to protect the environmentB.warn us of the danger of the Western dietC.remind us of the importance of healthD.advise us to have a balanced diet答案:B解析:写作意图题。综合全文,尤其是根据文章最
12、后一段的最后一句可知,西方饮食有害健康,不利于环境,故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。.完形填空My heart story started when I was 13 years old.My father died of a heart attack while on a golf course at the young age of 45.Heart disease 1 in my family.Like my father,I have astronomically high lipid(脂质) levels and the good news is that today
13、 there are some 2 that can significantly reduce my lipid levels to 3 normal ranges.In 2011,when I was 45 and my own son was 13,history 4 itself.While skating with my son,I began to 5 an “uncomfortable feeling”.I didnt think it was heart-related.When we 6,my wife gave me aspirin and we decided to see
14、 my 7 the next day because my symptoms had 8 decreased.My doctor sent us straight 9 the hospital where I had my heart examined.Tests 10 that I had trouble with my heart.After nine days at the hospital and a surgery,I went home on my 46th birthday with a 11 life.12 there was no evidence of any heart
15、damage at all.My doctor told me that I must have been doing 13 pretty good before my heart attack because patients didnt usually 14 the kind of blockage(堵塞物) I had,or they encountered 15 damage to the heart.I told them that I had been 16 walking for seven years before my heart attack,walking up to 2
16、0 miles a week.Several people in the medical profession told me that walking 17 my life!This October,I will be walking at the Heart and Stroke Walk in Tacoma.Every step is a 18 that life is fragile and can be taken from us at any moment.My 19 to you is very simple:20 you have heart disease in your f
17、amily,there is something you can do about it.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者因心脏病发作住院,手术之后很快康复。事实证明,是他平时的走路运动对他身体的康复起着重要的作用。1.A.runsB.affectsC.joinsD.gets答案:A解析:下文表明,作者也像父亲那样患有心脏病,因此“在我们家,心脏病是遗传的”,run是不及物动词,表示“传播,延续”。2.A.measuresB.waysC.drugsD.ideas答案:C解析:下文的“significantly reduce my lipid levels”表明,作者利用药物来降低自己的脂质水
18、平。3.A.aboveB.belowC.nearD.with答案:C解析:使用药物是为了让脂质达到正常的水平,故near“接近”符合语境。4.A.coversB.remainsC.repeatsD.controls答案:C解析:和父亲一样,作者也是在45岁时心脏病发作,因此此处指历史又重演了。repeat“重演,再次发生”,符合语境。5.A.expressB.avoidC.expandD.experience答案:D解析:下文作者吃药、看医生表明此处指作者有不舒服的感觉,experience“经历,感受”,符合语境。6.A.set outB.got backC.calmed downD.got
19、 away答案:B解析:上文的“While skating with my son”表明作者没有在家,故此处指当他回到家时,他的妻子给了他阿司匹林。7.A.sonB.friendC.motherD.doctor答案:D解析:下文的“My doctor sent us straight.”暗示着作者和妻子一起去看医生。8.A.hardlyB.considerablyC.completelyD.practically答案:B解析:上文的“the next day”说明,作者没有马上看医生是因为他的症状大大减少了。considerably“很,非常,相当大地”,符合语境。9.A.forB.toC.i
20、nD.at答案:B解析:句中的“the hospital where I had my heart examined”说明医生马上把“我们”送到医院,to表示“向,朝,到,往”,符合语境。10.A.exposedB.declaredC.showedD.implied答案:C解析:下文中的“a surgery”表明此处指测试显示作者的心脏有问题。show“说明,表明,显示”,符合语境。expose“揭露,暴露”;declare “宣告,宣称”;imply“暗示”。11.A.specialB.commonC.newD.colorful答案:C解析:经过住院治疗,作者很幸运地康复了,得到了新的(ne
21、w)生命。12.A.AmazinglyB.FortunatelyC.NaturallyD.Eventually答案:A解析:令人惊讶的是,“我”的心脏没有任何损伤的痕迹。由句意可知作者康复的程度令人惊诧不已。amazingly“令人惊讶地,惊人地”。13.A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anything答案:A解析:下文提到的散步,说明作者在做什么对身体有益的事情。14.A.sufferB.abandonC.understandD.survive答案:D解析:作者很快从突发心脏病中康复,和他相比,其他病人则不是那么幸运,没有幸免。survive“幸存,挺过”
22、,符合语境。15.A.significantB.slightC.permanentD.minor答案:A解析:此处指这些病人即使康复之后,也会有明显的心脏损伤。与上文中的“no evidence of any heart damage at all”形成对比。significant“显著的,重大的”,符合语境。16.A.referring toB.seeking forC.wondering atD.insisting on答案:D解析:下文中的“walking for seven years”“walking up to 20 miles a week”说明,作者一直坚持走路。insist
23、on“坚持”,符合语境。17.A.improvedB.savedC.treatedD.enriched答案:B解析:医疗界的人告诉作者是走路挽救了他的生命。save“挽救”,符合语境。improve“提高,改善”;treat“治疗,对待”;enrich“丰富”。18.A.signB.battleC.dreamD.reminder答案:D解析:作者用运动的方式提醒自己,生命是如此脆弱的,随时会被夺走。reminder“提示,提醒物”,符合语境。19.A.planB.messageC.thoughtD.course答案:B解析:作者用自己的经历想向读者传达一个有关健康的信息。message“信息”
24、,符合语境。plan“计划”;thought“想法”;course“做法,课程”。20.A.unlessB.thoughC.ifD.whether答案:C解析:如果你家中有人得心脏病,你可以试着做一件事。if“如果”引导条件状语从句。导学号03110006.语篇填空When we think about the value of exercise,we tend to focus on the physical benefits.But over the past decade,social scientists 1.(discover) more benefits of regular ex
25、ercise:its impact 2. the way we think.Studies indicate that putting regular exercise into your routine 3. improve concentration,memory and help lower stress.There is also evidence 4.(suggest) that exercise during regular work hours may improve performance.Within the study,5.(research) had over 200 e
26、mployees at a variety of companies self-report their performance on a daily basis.They found that 6. employees visited the gym,their experience at work changed.7. reported managing their time more effectively,being more productive,and getting on well with their colleagues.8.,many of us cant take exe
27、rcise regularly.The reason is that we dont have time.But lets be clear:9. we really mean when we say we dont have time for an activity is that we dont consider it a priority.Instead of viewing exercise as something we do for ourselves,its time we 10.(start) considering physical activity as part of t
28、he work itself.答案与解析:【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,讲的是体育锻炼不仅能让我们强身健体,而且能让我们精力充沛,与同事和谐相处,提高工作效率。1.have discovered解析:考查时态。本句中的时间状语“over the past decade”表明该句应用现在完成时。2.on解析:考查介词。名词impact与介词on连用,表示“对的影响”。3.can解析:考查情态动词。研究表明,把经常性的锻炼纳入日常生活中能提高注意力,增强记忆力,帮助减少压力。can“能,会”,符合语境。4.suggesting解析:考查非谓语动词。动词suggest与其逻辑主语evidence是主
29、谓关系,因此用现在分词做后置定语。5.researchers解析:考查名词。本句缺主语,故填research的名词形式。依据下一句中的“They found”可知,这里应用复数形式,指研究人员让这些员工报告自己的表现。6.when/after解析:考查连词。分析句子结构可知,此处指当员工参加锻炼时或参加锻炼后,故填when或after。7.They解析:考查代词。根据上文中的“over 200 employees.self-report.”可知,这里指这些被调查的员工报告说,故用They。8.However解析:考查副词。根据下文中的“many of us cant take exercise
30、 regularly”可知前后文在内容上形成对比,且空后有逗号,故此处应用However。9.what解析:考查主语从句。分析句子结构及语境可知,空处引导主语从句且做动词mean的宾语,故what“什么,所的”符合语境。10.started解析:考查固定句式。在it is time(that).的句式中, that后面的从句用“主语+did.”结构。.短文改错I went to shopping with my mom before Christmas.When we finished shopping,my mother asked me I wanted anything else.I n
31、od immediately as I remembered my good friends Wang Lin,whose mother died last year.He didnt have a coat.But I decided to buy one for her.I told my mom which I thought.She was very delighted and given me 200 yuan.With the money,I bought a black coat for Wang Lin.The next morning,I wrapped the coat o
32、n Christmas paper and wrote “To Wang Lin,From Santa Claus” on it.I was very happy that I could do anything for him.答案与解析:I went to shopping with my mom before Christmas.When we finished shopping,my mother asked me I wanted anything else.I nod immediately as I remembered my good friends Wang Lin,whos
33、e mother died last year.He didnt have a coat.But I decided to buy one for her.I told my mom which I thought.She was very delighted and given me 200 yuan.With the money,I bought a black coat for Wang Lin.The next morning,I wrapped the coat on Christmas paper and wrote“To Wang Lin,From Santa Claus” on it.I was very happy that I could do anything for him.导学号03110007