1、返回目录 The Violence of Nature Module 3 返回目录 Section Grammar过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语返回目录 课前自主领悟语法要点精析针对强化训练目录Contents 返回目录 课前自主领悟语法图解返回目录 探究发现By the time it ended,more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.By the late 1890s,he had moved to Galveston,where he died in 1899,a year before the h
2、urricane struck.Coghlan travelled back to Canadaafter he had been buried in Texas!She says,“Tom was very kind.”She says that Tom was very kind.返回目录 He asked,“Will you go to the party？”He asked whether/if I would go to the party.She asked me,“When do they have their dinner？”She asked me when they had
3、 their dinner.The teacher said，“About 70%of the earths surface is covered with water.”The teacher said that about 70%of the earths surface is covered with water.返回目录 我的发现(1)句 采 用 了 过 去 完 成 时，其 构 成 形 式 为：_。(2)句采用了过去完成时的被动语态，其构成形式为：_。(3)句均为直接引语变间接引语的句子，在变间接引语时，_、_、_等方面都要做相应的变化。(4)由句可知，若直接引语为客观真理，变间接引语
4、时，时态_。主语had done主语had been done人称时态语序不变返回目录 语法要点精析一、过去完成时的被动语态1概念：过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成，且主语与谓语动词存在被动关系。返回目录 2构成(1)肯定结构：主语had been done(2)否定结构：主语had not been done(3)疑问句结构：Had主语been done特殊疑问词had主语been done返回目录 3用法(1)在 told,said,knew,heard,thought,found 等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态
5、。He heard that the tickets had already been sold out.他听说票已售完。The newspaper reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the hurricane.报纸报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。返回目录 即时训练 1完成句子She told me that she _ by her boss.她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇(dismiss)了。He said(that)he _ Paris.他说从来没有人领他参观过巴黎。had been dismissedhad never b
6、een shown around返回目录(2)before,when,by the time,until,after,once 等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及 by,before 后面接过去的时间时，主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time she was 13,my sister had been sent to America.我姐姐 13 岁前就已经被送到美国了。200 cars had been produced by the end of last year.到去年年底，已经生产了 200 辆汽车。返回目录(
7、3)It was the first/second time that句中 that 引导的定语从句中，主语与谓语构成动宾关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the third time that he had been beaten black and blue.那是他第三次被打得青一块紫一块的。(4)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去事实相反，且主语与谓语构成动宾关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been invited earlier,I would have gone there.如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去那儿了。返回目录 即时训练 2(1)用所给词的适当形
8、式填空By the end of last year,10,000 trees _(plant)in that village.His village _(flood)in the heavy rain,so he moved to his parents house.He found that his wallet _(steal)on the bus.It was the second time that Tom _(punish)so seriously.had been plantedhad been floodedhad been stolenhad been punished返回目
9、录(2)完成句子His newly written novel _ by the end of last month.上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。Her homework _ when I got home.我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。How many buildings _ when the hurricane ended?飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？had been translated into Englishhad not been finishedhad been destroyed返回目录 二、间接引语1基本概念直接引语表示直接引用别人的原话，通常都用引
10、号括起来。间接引语表示用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。返回目录 2句式的转换(1)陈述句的转换返回目录(2)一般疑问句的转换返回目录(3)特殊疑问句的转换返回目录(4)选择疑问句的转换用whether or表达，而不用if or也不用eitheror。He asked，“Do you speak English or French？”He asked me whether I spoke English or French.(5)祈使句的转换He said,“Do it now and dont put it off until tomorrow.”He
11、told me to do it then and not to put it off until the next day.返回目录【提示】由直接引语转变为间接引语，下列情况时态不变：不变的真理；经常的习惯；历史事件；部分情态动词，如 must,ought to,had better 等。返回目录 即时训练 3句型转换“I like reading adventure stories，”said John.John said_ reading adventure stories.You have finished the homework,havent you？”my mother aske
12、d.My mother asked me _ the homework.“Do you go to school by bus or by bike？”，he asked me.He asked me _ by bus or by bike.(that)he likedwhether I had finishedwhether I went to school返回目录 She asked John，“Where are you going for your summer holiday？”She asked John _ for his summer holiday.“Dont make an
13、y noise，”she said to the children.She told _ any noise.He said,“Lets go to the film.”He suggested _.He suggested that _ the film.where he was goingthe children not to makegoing to the filmthey should go to see返回目录 针对强化训练.单句语法填空1I truly believe _ beauty comes from within.2I wonder _ Mary has kept her
14、 figure after all these years.By working out every day.3You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.4 The exhibition tells us _ we should do something to stop air pollution.thathowwherewhy返回目录 5 If it _(repair)earlier,the printing machine would not have broken dow
15、n.6At the end of the meeting,it was announced that an agreement _(reach).7By the end of last year,another new gymnasium _(complete)in Beijing.8 Experiments of this kind _(conduct)in both the US.and Europe long before the Second World War.had been repairedhad been reachedhad been completedhad been co
16、nducted返回目录 9John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it _(damage)seriously.10George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?No,I _(not invite).Did they have a big wedding?had been damagedhadnt been invited返回目录.语法与写作1Confronted with the misbehavior of her new class,Sa
17、lly worked out 10 rules and asked _.面对她的新班级学生的不礼貌行为，Sally 制定出十条规定并且让学生遵守。2With the gift,he included a letter,in which he told me _ the paper cutting himself.礼物中包括一封信，信中告诉我他自己做的剪纸。the students to follow themthat he had made返回目录 3Sensing my state of puzzlement,my teacher told me _，I can make a big dif
18、ference.觉察到我的迷惑，我的老师让我把注意力只集中在小东西上，我会有所作为。4Miss Wu asked Tom _ the light when he left.吴老师问汤姆为什么走的时候不关灯。that by just focusing my attention on small thingswhy he hadnt turned off返回目录 5Yesterday our teacher told us that_.昨天老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快得多。6This job proved to be much more difficult than the one I _ before.这项工作被证明比以前我做的工作要难得多。7She told me that _ five years before.她告诉我她 5 年前在那儿住过。light travels much faster than soundhad been offeredhad been offered返回目录 8Book 3 _ till last week.第三册直到上周才学完。had been finished learning