1、专题三 代词【高频考点解读】 高考对代词的考查主要涉及在给定的上下文中运用代词的能力，以及对不定代词和替代词的考查。命题主要出现在单项填空、完形填空、语法填空、短文改错等题型中，侧重于在具体语境中考查各种代词之间的区别。其考点主要包括：1考查替代词的用法。常考的替代词有one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those，it等。2考查不定代词的用法。常考的不定代词有any，some，all，none，other，another， every，nothing等。3考查反身代词的用法。常考的反身代词有myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself
2、，themselves等。4考查it的用法。it作形式主语、形式宾语的用法； it的实指用法； it的虚指用法，如：can help it，put it，catch it，come it，make it，see to it that等。2015年高考对代词的考查将继续沿着两条主线前进：加强语境的真实性和复杂性； 加强对语义较丰富、语法较复杂的不定代词的考查。【热点题型】题型一 none，no one，neither，nothing和no的用法 例1、Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but _ of them wants
3、to，because they have work to do.Aeither Bany Cneither Dnone 项；句中but表示转折，所以应选否定意义的C项，此处表示但是他们（两人）没有想去的。【提分秘籍】 1none “没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。none 后可接of 短语，常用来回答how many/much 的问题。2no one 表“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟单数动词。常可用来回答who 引导的问句。3nothing 意为“没有东西”，一般回答what。4neither 指“两个人或物中一个也不，两者都不”，表否定意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。5n
4、oI have no car.(nonot a)我没有车。There is no milk left in the bottle.(nonot any)瓶里没有牛奶了。【举一反三】Can I have some milk for my coffee?Im afraid there is _ left.Anothing Bno one Cnone Dneither 【热点题型】题型二 other，others，any other，the other，another 的用法例2、What one person considers a wild flower may be a weed to _.A
5、other Banother Cthe other Dthe others 【提分秘籍】 1other 表示泛指，意为“另外的；其他的”，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。如果其前有the，this，some，any，each，every，no，one 以及形容词性物主代词时，其后就可接单数名词。2others 是other 的复数形式，表示泛指，意为“别的人或物”，但不指全部。特指时在其前加定冠词；前面可加限定词以及数量词，常构成some.others.。3any other 表示一个之外的其他任何一个，而不是两个之中的另一个。4the other 表示两者中的另外一个。可单独使用，也可接单数名
6、词。5another 常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”，泛指单数。可单独使用，也可后接名词。如果其后接复数名词，则表示“又；再；还”。【热点题型】题型三 代词it，they与替代词one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those 的用法 例3、Our new book is more expensive than _ we had before.Ait Bone Cthis Dthe one 【提分秘籍】1it 指代前面提到过的同一事物，they 为其复数形式。2one 代替单数可数名词，表示泛指，ones 为其复数形式。the one 替代前面的单数名词，表示特
7、指，其后往往带定语，the ones 为其复数形式。注意：one 替代前边的名词，是前边名词的同位语，前边名词若是特指，要用the one；若是泛指则用one。He is a kind student，one who always helps others.他是一个热心肠的学生，一个总是帮助别人的学生。He is the most excellent student，the one who wins the first prize.他就是那个最优秀的学生，那个赢得一等奖的学生。3that 既可以替代特指的单数可数名词，也可以替代特指的不可数名词，若替代特指的单数可数名词时，相当于the one
8、。4those 替代复数名词，相当于the ones。Students in Class One are more hardworking than those in Class Two. 一班的学生比二班的学生学习更努力。【举一反三】The air of hills is cooler than _ of plains.Athat Bone Cthose Dones 【热点题型】题型四 it 的用法例4、 When _ comes to baseball，Dorothy knows little about it.Athis Bthat Cit Done 【解析】when it comes
9、to.是固定句式，表示“当涉及某事(或做某事)时”。 【答案】C 【提分秘籍】 1指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。2指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。3作先行代词代替不定式、v.ing 形式、名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。4用作look，seem，appear，happen 等词的主语。5表示“喜欢或恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接it，构成固定结构，这类动词有enjoy，prefer，love，like，hate，dislike，appreciate 等。【热点题型】题型五 代词的特殊用法例5、 Do you have _ ready for the opening ceremony，T
10、ed?No，we still need some volunteers.Aeverything BsomethingCanything Dnothing 【提分秘籍】 1人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格。Glad to meet you.见到你很高兴。Me，too. 见到你我也很高兴。2与复合不定代词构成的习惯句型。He is nothing but a clerk.他只是一个职员。He is anything but a clerk.他绝不是一名职员。3.首先要从整体上把握代词的知识，如代词种类的划分：人称代词；物主代词：形容词性物主代词，如your；名词性物主代词，如yours；反
11、身代词；相互代词；指示代词；不定代词；疑问代词；连接代词(名词性从句)；关系代词(定语从句)。了解各类代词的一般用法，重点掌握几组易混词，尤其是不定代词的用法区别。不定代词在具体语境中的区别；部分否定与完全否定的区别；特指与泛指；两者与三者或以上；人称代词与关系代词的区别。做题的关键在于分析透句子的结构，理解语境的要求，达到正确交际的目的。【举一反三】When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson，could you please say_for me?Aeverything BanythingCsomething Dnothing 【高考风向标】 1. （2014安
12、徽卷）24You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone都乐意帮助你，根据句义可知本句中的everyone强调所有人都原因帮助你。故C正确。2.（2014大纲卷）28. I think Mrs. Stark could be _ between 50 and 60 years of age. A. anywhere B. anybody C. anyhow D. anything 3.（2014福建卷）21. In some count
13、ries, people eat with chopsticks, while in , knives and forks.A. another B. others C. both D. all【答案】B4.（2014江苏卷）34. Good families are much to all their members, but to none.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing5.（2014江西卷）32. -When shall I call , in the morning or afternoon?-_. Ill be in al
14、l day .A.Any B. None C. Neither D. Either 6.（2014山东卷）4. Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. her 7.（2014陕西卷）21. Id appreciate _ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.A. it B. you C. one D. this将感激不尽。故A正确。8. （2014四
15、川卷）1. Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.A. both B. neither C. none D. either9. （2014浙江卷 ）3. An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making _ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.A. each B. it C. this D. one10. （2014重庆卷 ）1.A smil
16、e costs _ ,but gives much.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything（2013浙江）11.Half of _surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A.these B. some C. ones D. those （2013江西卷)26.There are a small number of people involved,
17、possibly _twenty.A. as few asB. as little asC. as many asD. as much as（2013山东卷)21. Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _ of them very much. A. eitherB. any C. each D. another （2013四川)2. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _ on the small ones. A. one B. this C.
18、 that D. itthat泛指不可数名词；it指代前文出现事物。（2013天津卷)12. At our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this magazine. A. themB. theseC. thoseD. ones（2013辽宁卷)29.To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and of her collegues.A.that B.one C.ones D.those（2013重庆卷) 31.Recycling is
19、one way to protect the environment; reusing is _. A. anotherB. the otherC. one anotherD. one（2013安徽卷)27. This project requires close teamwork. Will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything【随堂巩固】 1.The basic design of the car is very similar to _ of t
20、he earlier model.Athat BitCthis Done2 If you dont build your dream, someone will hire you to build _.Ait BthemCyours Dtheirs3Hurry up! Cant you drive faster, Jack?No. If I got _ speeding ticket, my dad would take away my car.Aother Bthe otherCeach other Danothe4 I know you want to borrow money but I
21、 dont have _ at hand myself.Aany BeitherCanything Dnothing5 I bought the train tickets at the station easily during the spring rush, though _ of them _ it.Anobody; expected Bnone; had expectedCnobody; had expected Dnone; expected6Tom told me that he needed a chair and that soon he found _.Ait BthatC
22、one Dthe one7You look great! Were you on vacation or _？You got it. Ive just come back from America.Aanything BnothingCeverything Dsomething8It makes good sense to buy a large packet because _ will work out cheaper in the end.Ait BthisCone Dthey9Weve been looking for a cheap house but havent found _
23、yet.Aone BotherCit Dthat10Teaching is _ everybody can do; it requires patience as well as professional training.Asomething BanythingCeverything Dnothing11I dont like football; as for me, _ would be more fun than watching a 90 minutes boring match.Aeverything BsomethingCanything Dnothing12Almost 90%
24、of the most popular video games contain violence, and _ of it is extremely violent.Anothing BmuchCnone Dmany13No matter how late she comes home, she makes _ a routine to walk her dog for about an hour.Ait BthisCthat Dher14What do you think of the 2013 Spring Festival Party?Well, great! But I dont th
25、ink much of _ held last year.Athe one BitCone Dwhich15Shall I attend my friends comingofage ceremony, Mum?No, unless you see to _ that you will be home before 1000 PM.Aone BthisCit Dher16September 18th, 1931 is a special day, _， I think, that will be remembered by the Chinese forever.Aone BitCwhich
26、Dthat17Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and _ half learning drawing.Aanother Bthe otherCothers Dother在名词前作定语，符合题意。18Frankly speaking, _ of them knew what the other was doing that morning.Anone BneitherCsome Dall19A US report predicts that in 15 years time the economy in Asia will be l
27、arger than _ of North America and Europe combined.Awhat BthatCone Dthose20What do you think of modern music?It is often considered not as good as _ of the past.Ait BthatCthis Done是人称代词，可以指物，也可以指人，可作形式主语或宾语；that作 指示代词，指远处的事物或电21What are you two whispering about over there?Oh, _. Just small talk.Ano B
28、nobodyCnone Dnothing22If you dont go after what you want, you will never have _.Aone BitCthem Dthese23The teacher assigned the task to the three boys and _ did his share.Aany BallCevery Deach24Wow! Its a fantastic decoration! Is it expensive?No. It cost next to _.Anone BnothingCsomething Danything25
29、That region has a lot of natural resources while this one has _.Anone BsomethingCall Dnothing26Helen has been looking for a job over the whole year, feeling she cant get _ without work experience.Aone BitCthat Dthis27Which cup do you like, Tommy?_.I think theyre both ugly.ANothing BNoneCEither DNeit
30、her28I asked for some more cakes, but there was _ left.Ano one BnoneCa little Da few29The cultural background of China is totally different from _ of the US.Aone BthatCthese Dthose30How can I get to the wooden tower?There are two paths here and, I hear, _ of them leads to it.Aboth BnoneCall Deither3
31、1Havent seen you for ages. _ all right?Quite good.Ive already finished my study in Australia, and will go back and work in a big company.ASomethingBEverythingCAnything DNothing32Neither side was willing to give in to _ until we smoothed things over between them.Aothers Bthe otherCanother Done other3
32、3We are in great want of a more capable monitor, _ with straightforward personality as well as good humor.Awho Bthe oneCone Dwhich34When _ comes to an interview day, weve got many things in mind, such as being on time and giving proper answers.Athat BthisCit Done35 You look very beautiful in this dress and there is only one of this kind left here.I wonder if you would buy _.Aone BitCsome Dany