1、2014高考英语阅读理解解密训练阅读理解TOKYO Lonely astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) may soon be getting a robot friend from Japan. Japans space agency is considering putting a talking humanoid (有人的特点的) robot on the ISS to watch the work while astronauts are asleep, monitor their health and stress l
2、evels and communicate to Earth through the micro-blogging site Twitter. Japans space agency JAXA announced this week that it is looking at a plan to send a humanoid robot to the space station in 2013 that could communicate with the ground through Twitter primarily feeding photos, rather than origina
3、l ideas and provide astronauts with “comfort and companionship”. Following up on US NASAs “Robonaut” R-2 program, which is set for launch on the Discovery shuttle next week, the Japanese robot would be part of a larger effort to create and refine robots that can be used by the elderly, JAXA said in
4、a statement. Japan is one of the leading countries in robotics and has a rapidly aging society with one of the worlds longest life expectancies. Improving robot communication capabilities could help elderly people on Earth by providing a nonintrusive (无干扰的) means of monitoring the robot owners healt
5、h and vital signs and sending information to emergency responders if there is an abnormality, JAXA said. “We are thinking in terms of a very human-like robot that would have facial expressions and be able to talk with the astronauts,” said JAXAs Satoshi Sano. The robot was being developed with the a
6、dvertising and communications giant Dentsu Inc and a team at Tokyo University. The NASA project has a human-like head, hands and arms and uses the same tools as station crew members. The “Robonaut” called R-2 is intended to carry out maintenance tasks in the stations Destiny lab. NASA says it hopes
7、that humanoid robots could one day stand in for astronauts during spacewalks or perform tasks too difficult or dangerous for humans. For now, the $2.5 million NASA robot is limited to activities within the lab. 1. According to the passage, a humanoid robot, put on the ISS, shall carry out the tasks
8、except _.A. take care of the ISS sometimes B. keep an eye on the health of the astronautsC. keep in contact with EarthD. get a friend for astronauts from Japan2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?A. The robot program will eventually benefit the elderly.B. R-2 progra
9、m is in the charge of Japans JAXA.C. NASA is planning to communicate with the space station through Twitter. D. Japan has the largest number of elderly people.3. From the passage we can know _.A. many Japanese universities joined in the robot programB. future astronauts will become less lonely and m
10、ore comfortable with the help of the robotC. robots could completely take the place of human astronauts in the futureD. the robot program, having cost $2.5 million, can carry out all tasks【参考答案】13、DABC72013辽宁卷 -BGoing green seems to be a fad(时尚) for a lot of people these days.Whether that is good or
11、 bad, we cant really say, but for the two of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.On April 22，2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year.This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things.Rather than r
12、ecycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started.My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show pe
13、ople all the green things that could be done to help the environment.We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles.We now shop at organic(有机的) stores.We consume less meat, choosing green food.We have greatly reduced
14、our buying we dont need.We have given away half of what we owned through websites.Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners.We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of homemade fresh bread.In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished
15、.Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year.We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others.We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.60What might be the best title for the passage?AGoing GreenBProtecting the PlanetCKeeping OpenMinde
16、dDCelebrating Our Green Year61It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because _Athey were expected to follow the green fadBthey didnt know how to educate other peopleCthey were unwilling to reduce their energyDthey needed to perform unusual green tasks62What did the c
17、ouple do over the course of Our Green Year?AThey tried to get out of their ungreen habits.BThey ignored others ungreen behavior.CThey chose better chemical cleaners.DThey sold their homemade food.63What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe government will give support to the green project.BThe
18、couple may continue their project in the future.CSome people disagree with the couples green ideas.DOur Green Year is becoming a national campaign.【要点综述】 本文是记叙文，主要讲一对夫妇在一年时间里做不同支持环保的事情，保护环境和地球。60A主旨大意题。文章第一段提出本文主题“对我们来说，支持环保 (Going green)不是时尚而是生活方式”，所以选A。61D细节理解题。第二段第二句“这意味着做365件不同的环保事情”，说明他们困难的原因是需
19、要做不同的环保任务，所以选D。62A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“我们完全改变了生活习惯”及倒数第二段剩下的内容可知选A。63B推理判断题。根据最后一段中描述“我们思想已经在改变，我们相信我们的确有能力改变，帮助这个星球”，说明这对夫妇将来还会继续他们的计划。阅读理解-CWhen Americans in the manufacturing sector (制造业) cried out, “The Chinese are coming,” some years ago, they expressed a restless concern and warning about a possib
20、le loss of job opportunities. Now Americans in the tourism industry issued the same cry on June 17 but this time, it was a welcome call to greet the first organized group of Chinese tourists to the United States. U.S. tourism officials have high expectations that well-off Chinese visitors, who are r
21、eady and willing to spend loads of yuan, will give a big help to their industry.“Were very excited,” said Helen N. Marano, Director of the Office of Travel and Tourism Industries under the U.S. Department of Commerce. Before she talked to Beijing Review on June 17, Marano and her colleagues had been
22、 waiting for more than two hours at Washington Dulles International Airport to give a warm welcome to the first organized group of Chinese tourists to visit the United States.The first group consisted of 250 tourists, who left from Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong on June 17, the day when newly appoi
23、nted Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan and U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson started the fourth round of the China-U.S. Strategic Economic Dialogue (SED) in Annapolis, Maryland. Each was backed by a big group of heavyweight ministerial officials.Coincidence (巧合) could not provide a satisfactory e
24、xplanation to the two events taking place on the same day. As a perfect example of one of the concrete results of the high-level dialogue between the two countries started by Chinese President Hu Jintao and U.S. President George W. Bush in 2006, the first Chinese tourist groups arrival in the United
25、 States was widely reported by the Chinese media.At the previous SED meeting last December, Chairman of the Chinese National Tourism Administration Shao Qiwei and U.S. Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez signed an agreement between China and the United States to advance tourist group travel from Chi
26、na to the United States. Under this agreement, China agreed to give an “approved destination status” to the United States, allowing Chinese travel agencies to market tourism to American destinations and permitting U.S. destinations to advertise directly to the Chinese public.The agreement “is estima
27、ted to bring up to 100 million Chinese travelers to the United States over the next 15 years,” Paulson said.But what people in the U.S. tourism industry care more about is how they can get a big slice of the pie.“Im getting calls already from people saying things like, How do we get to do this? and
28、How do we attract Chinese tourists to our area?” Marano told Beijing Review. Marano said she had been waiting for this market to be open for more than five years and that she was so excited now to see it finally happen.1. When, a few years ago, some Americans shouted “the Chinese are coming”, they _
29、.A. were worried that the Chinese language would take the place of EnglishB. were concerned that the number of the Chinese tourists would be bigger than the locals C. wanted to warn that the U.S. economy would suffer heavy lossesD. feared that large numbers of Chinese moving into the U.S. would make
30、 many Americans jobless2. Helen N. Marano was excited because _.A. large numbers of Chinese touring the U.S. would tip her and her colleaguesB. the Chinese touring in the U.S. would help improve its industryC. the Chinese are usually well organized when travellingD. Wang Qishan and Henry Paulson sta
31、rted the fourth round of the China-U.S. SED3. We can infer from the passage that _.A. Chinese tourist agencies could organize groups of Chinese to go to the U.S. without the agreement B. Marano and her colleagues waited at the airport to see how well organized the Chinese wereC. many Americans take
32、a positive attitude toward Chinese touristsD. about 100 million Americans will travel to China in the next 15 years4. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. The Chinese are comingB. The fourth-round China-U.S. SEDC. More Chinese, more job opportunitiesD. How can we attract more
33、 Chinese to our area【参考答案】14、DBCAC72013山东卷 -DSparrow is a fastfood chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. Although Sparrow showed no sign of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more and more fastfo
34、od concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.Sparrow failed to grow for another two years, until a new CEO, Carl Pearson, decided to build up its market share. He did a survey,
35、which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign. Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand. Th
36、e chains owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcys restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unu
37、sual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers spending power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea. The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fastfood industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and f
38、eatured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intension was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image. For example, he offer
39、ed to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业额)These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated.71Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO?A. The
40、number of its customers was declining.B. Its customers found the food unhealthy.C. It was in need of financial support.D. Most of its restaurants were closed.72What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ACustomers of Sparrow restaurants. BSparrow restaurants.CCustomers of other fas
41、tfood chains. DOther fastfood chains.73For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?ATo build a good relationship with the public.BTo stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.CTo learn about customers spending power.DTo meet the challenge from Marcys restaurants.74The TV ads of Sparrow
42、 _Achanged peoples views on pop starsBamused the public with original songsCfocused on the superiority of its productsDinfluenced the eating habits of the audience75What was Pearsons achievement as a CEO?AHe managed to pay off Sparrows debts.BHe made Sparrow much more competitive.CHe helped Sparrow
43、take over a company.DHe improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍拥有200家餐馆的Sparrow连锁快餐店从衰退到重生的过程。Pearson为此作出了很大的贡献。71C考查细节理解。从第一段的“And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.”可知，新的管理者没有计划给予它所需要的资金。故选C。72D考查词义猜测。从本句的“which showed that c
44、onsumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them.”前后对比，them 是指other fastfood chains。故选D。73A考查细节理解。从第三段的“Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the
45、general public was unusual for that time.”可看出Pearson启动广告活动的目的是在公司与公众之间建立起一种积极的关系。故选A。74B考查细节理解。从第四段的“The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars.”和“the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.”可知，广告用原创的歌曲来娱乐公众，故选B。从“Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product”可知C项不正确。75B考查细节理解。从全文看Pearson为Sparrow连锁店起死回生作出了很大的贡献，连锁店又受到公众的喜爱，具有竞争力了。