1、必修四Unit 1Women of achievement基础盘点自测自评阅读单词快速排查本单元阅读词汇并在不认识的词汇前划specialist nemergency nwelfare nmodest adj.project nrate nnest nbond noutspoken adj.career ninstitute nkindness n.核心单词1.childhood n童年；幼年时代(拓展速记1)2.audience n观众；听众；读者3.shade n荫；阴凉处vt.遮住光线4.generation n一代；一辈5.support n& vt.支持；拥护6.crowd n人群；
2、观众vt.挤满；使拥挤7.campaign n运动；战役vi.作战；参加运动拓展单词1.achievement n成就；功绩achieve vt.达到；完成2.institute n学会；学院；协会institution n制度；(社会或宗教等)公共机构3.specialist n专家；专业工作者specialize vi.专攻；专门从事；专注于special adj.不寻常的；特别的；特定的4.connection n连接；关系connect v连接；接通；联系；联结；把联系起来connected adj.有联系的；相关的(拓展速记2)5.organization n组织；机构；团体orga
3、nize v组织；组建organizer n组织者；创立人6.behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现behaviour/behavior n行为；举止；习性7.worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的worth adj.有价值；值的；值得的n价值；意义worthy adj.值得(或应得)的；值得尊敬的；值得注意的8.observe vt.观察；观测；遵守observation n观察；观测9.respect vt.&n尊敬；尊重；敬意respectable adj.体面的；值得尊敬的respectful adj.恭敬的respected adj.受尊敬的10.argue
4、vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论argument n争论；争辩；争吵11.entertainment n款待；娱乐；娱乐表演entertain vt.娱乐；款待；使快乐12.inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示inspiration n灵感；鼓舞13.refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考reference n参考；提到；查阅14.sickness n疾病；恶心sick adj.生病的；恶心的15.emergency n突发事件；紧急情况emergent adj.紧急的16.determination n决心；果断determine v决定；下决心determined adj.坚决的；有决心的；
5、下决心的17.considerate adj.考虑周到的consideration n考虑；体谅consider v认为；以为；考虑；思考considerable adj.相当多(大或重要等)的considerably adv.相当地；非常地；大幅度地18.deliver vt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)delivery n发表；递送拓展单词语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1.You ought to be ashamed of your behaviour (behave).2.I can tell them we had an emergency (emergent).3.Na
6、ture is the biggest inspirationIm always inspired by things of beauty and harmony. (inspire)4.Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of achievement (achieve).5.We agreed without much further argument (argue).6.The organizers organized the people present at the meeting
7、into four groups，and Jack was involved in the organization of the meeting. (organize)7.He is a specialist in the worlds ancient history.Next week, he will make a speech specially for us. (special)8.In 1933, a public organization (organize) called the London Passenger Transport Board was created.9.Iv
8、e never connected them together before.Has his dismissal (解雇) any connection (connect) with the quality of his work? 10.All of you should observe the experiment carefully and then I will ask you some questions to test your observationThe most careful observer will win a prize. (observe)走进高考1.argue 熟
9、义：vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论生义：vt.认为(2017年浙江卷阅读理解)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.2.respect 熟义： vt.& n尊敬；尊重；敬意生义：n.方面The governments record in this respect is a mixed one.1.move off离开；起程；出发2.lead a.life过着的生活3.crowd in(想法、问题
10、等)涌上心头；涌入脑海4.look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起5.refer to查阅；参考；谈到6.by chance碰巧；凑巧e across(偶然)遇见；碰见8.deliver a baby接生9.carry on继续；坚持(拓展速记3)语境活用用左栏短语的适当形式填空1.They come across the personal anxiety their parents may be experiencing.2.Sweet memories crowded in as I looked at the pictures which were taken at the bea
11、ch in Qingdao last summer.3.When I am faced with a difficulty，I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages.4.An artist who was recently travelling on a ferry to the southern island discovered by chance a longlost antique Greek vase.5.Margaret decided to carry on learning Chi
12、nese until she was able to communicate with Chinese people freely.6.As an expert，you should be selfeffacing (谦逊的)You shouldnt look down on/upon the person who needs your help.7.The conductor blew his whistle and the train slowly moved off.1.“only状语”置于句首的倒装句原句Only after her mother came to help her fo
13、r the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。仿写我离开家去上大学之后，才意识到我是多么想家。Only after I left home for college did I realize how much I missed it.2.once“一旦就”， 引导条件状语从句原句Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心
14、头，我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。仿写一旦我们有共同的兴趣，友谊便开始形成了。Once we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.3.It hit(s) sb.从句原句Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。仿写我突然想到我把书落在教室里了。It suddenly hit me that I had left my book in the classroo
15、m.1.以“hood”结尾的名词adulthood成年boyhood少年时期brotherhood兄弟关系；手足之情childhood童年；幼年时代likelihood可能manhood男子气概；刚毅之气motherhood母性neighborhood街坊；社区；邻里2.以“tion”结尾的名词action行为；作用admiration钦佩；羡慕composition作品；作文connection连接；联系construction建设pollution污染3.“v.on”短语小结depend on依赖；依靠get on进展；进步go on继续put on穿上；(体重)增加rely on依赖；依
16、靠take on具有；呈现try on试穿carry on继续；坚持考点串讲重点突破1behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现|对接高考|单句语法填空 I was quite pleased with his behavio(u)r (behave)If parents do not teach their child how to behave himself (him), he will do anything at will.|考点归纳|(1)behave badly/ well to/towards sb.对待某人差/好behave oneself守规矩；表现得体(2)b
17、adlybehaved adj.表现差的wellbehaved adj.表现好的(3)behavio(u)r n举止；行为mind ones behavio(u)r注意某人的举止|能力提升|完美写作背诵(2018年全国卷)就我个人而言，我们大家都应该在公共场所注意自己的举止。As far as Im concerned, all of us should mind our behaviour in public places2observe vt.看到；注意到；观察；遵守；庆祝|对接高考|写出下列黑体单词的含义Could you tell me how you usually observe
18、Thanksgiving Day in your country？庆祝The police observed a man enter the bank.看到；注意到Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守|考点归纳|(1)observe sb.do sth.观察/看到某人做某事(全过程)observe sb.doing sth.观察/看到某人正在做某事observe that.观察(2)observe the traffic rules遵守交通规则(3)
19、observe Christmas庆祝圣诞节(4)observation n观察；观察力；观测under observation在监视下|能力提升|完美写作背诵(2016年江苏卷书面表达)因此，规则应该被制定出来并且严格遵守。Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed3respect vt.尊重；尊敬n尊重；尊敬；敬意；问候；方面|对接高考|单句语法填空 (2017年全国卷阅读理解)We were respectful (respect) of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into
20、the characters we were going to play.(浙江卷阅读理解)Arriving late is considered disrespectful (respectful)I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.This proposal is excellent in all respects.|考点归纳|(1)respect sb. for.因而尊敬某人(2)have/show respect for sb.尊重某人give/send ones respec
21、ts to sb.向某人表示敬意 (3)in all/many respects在各个方面/在许多方面in respect of关于；就而言(4)respected adj.受人尊敬的；受敬重的respectable adj.可敬的；正派的；体面的respectful adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的|能力提升|句型转换We should respect the workers who devote themselves to beautifying our city.We should show respect for the workers who devote themselves to bea
22、utifying our city. (respect n)4argue vt.& vi.争论；争辩；劝说；提出理由|对接高考|单句语法填空 (2017年浙江卷阅读理解)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.He drew his readers into the argument (argue) by drawing them into the story.We tried many ways
23、to argue him into accepting (accept)our advice, but in vain.Its no use arguing about/over the question with him for he wont change his opinion.|考点归纳|(1)argue with sb.over/about sth.就某事与某人争辩argue for.为据理力争argue against.据理反对argue sb. into doing sth.说服某人去做某事argue sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事argue that
24、.主张/认为(2)argument n争辩；争论beyond argument无可争辩|名师点睛|表示“说服某人做某事”的其他表达还有：persuade sb. to do sth.；persuade sb. into doing sth.；convince sb.to do sth.；talk sb. into doing sth.等。|能力提升|一句多译我终于说服他戒烟了。I argued him out of smoking eventually. (argue)I persuaded him into giving up/ to give up smoking eventually.
25、(persuade)I convinced him to give up smoking eventually. (convince)I talked him into giving up smoking eventually. (talk)5intend vt.打算；计划；想要；意指|对接高考|单句语法填空 (2017年天津卷阅读理解)You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send (send) it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person youre d
26、iscussing.(2016年全国卷阅读理解)The journey was intended (intend) to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.These books are intended for children only.He left England with the intention (intend) of travelling in Africa.|考点归纳|(1)intend doing/to do sth.打算/想要做某事intend sb. to do sth.计划让某人做某
27、事be intended for/to do.旨在；预定用途；为打算had intended to do.intended to have done.本打算做(2)intention n意图；目的；打算with the intention of. 打算；抱有的目的|能力提升|句型转换They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams. They intended to have gone into the country for the day, bu
28、t were put off by reports of traffic jams.6refer to 查阅；参考；提到；指的是；关系到|对接高考|单句语法填空 I will go to the bookstore to buy some reference (refer) books.You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.|考点归纳|
29、(1)refer.to.把提交给；让参考refer to.as.把称为(2)reference n提及；涉及；参考；参考书in/with reference to.关于for reference以备查阅；以供参考|名师点睛|“查字典”的多种表达：refer to the dictionary；look up a word in the dictionary；consult the dictionary。7carry on 继续；保持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)|对接高考|单句语法填空 At last weeks Oscars，a small number of films carried of
30、f nearly all the prizes.They took the trouble to offer timely help whenever he was in trouble; as a result, their efforts carried him throughCarry on with your work while Im away.The factory has successfully carried out the production plan.|考点归纳|carry on继续做某事(相当于go on with)carry off赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)carr
31、y out实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)carry through帮渡过(难关等)；维持；完成8once引导条件状语从句(教材佳句)Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。|对接高考|单句语法填空 You will be (be) successful in the interview once you have confidence.Once broadcast (broadcast), the TV
32、play will be very popular with young people.|考点归纳|(1)once引导条件状语从句，如主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时。(2)若once引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含be动词的某种形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。|能力提升|句型转换Once it is lost, the good chance may never come again.Once lost, the good chance may never come again. (用省略句改写)9It hit(s) sb. (从句)(教材佳句)Suddenly it h
33、it me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。|对接高考|单句语法填空/单句改错It struck me that nobody was in favour of the change.It hits me the phone number I told them is wrong. me后加that|考点归纳|“It hit(s) me从句”结构，意思是“我突然想到”，it在句中作形式主语。类似的结构还有：It occurs to sb.
34、 that.It strikes sb. that.|能力提升|一句多译(2018北京卷书面表达)我突然想到传统文化，例如茶文化非常迷人并且有巨大的价值。It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.It suddenly struck me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.It suddenly occurred to me tha
35、t traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.Part 1Part 2Jack, who was in charge of a project, was invited to deliver a speech by a famous company. He had intended to arrive early but his car broke down. Then he came across Mary who offered to drive him there. Thanks to h
36、er consideration, Jack got there just in time.During the initial stage of new China，people still led a very hard life. The Party and state leaders devoted themselves to developing economy and improving peoples life and at the same time we carried on the spirit of hard struggle. Many bold new ideas c
37、rowded in. After years of struggle, the problem of poverty has finally been worked out.随堂检测基础过关.单句语法填空1The children were expected to behave themselves (they)2The guard observed a young man stealing (steal) from the office, and he tried to approach him quietly.3After a long time of discussion they ac
38、cepted the agreement without argument (argue)4He carried on working as if nothing had happened.5I had intended (intend) to take a holiday last year，but I wasnt able to get away.6Do you want to get this book delivered (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?7Gu
39、n control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.8There is no doubt that flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement (achieve)9The teacher inspires his students to give (give) their opinions rather than just listen to him.10The crowd crowded into the
40、 crowded (crowd) street.单句改错1They behaved bad to the guests，which made us very disappointed._答案：badbadly2Once you form a bad habit, and it will be hard to get rid of it._答案：去掉and3It is very easy to find a book intending for children._答案：intendingintended4Many teachers talk at length about educationa
41、l principles without once refer to a real child._答案：referreferring5They were observed enter the managers office last night._答案：observed后加to话题拓展素养升华.课文里的高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Jane Goodall 1.has studied (study) the chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave lik
42、e humans.2.Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in 3.their (they) own environment.However, this was not easy.When she arrived at Gombe in 1960, it was 4.unusual(usual) for a woman to live in the forest.Only after her mother came to help her for 5.the first few months was she allow
43、ed to begin her project.She spent many years 6.observing (observe) and recording their daily activities，and watching them wake up was her first activity of every day.She also discovered how chimps communicate 7.with each other.She has argued that they should 8.be left (leave) in the wild and not use
44、d for entertainment or advertisements.She has helped to set up special places 9.where they can live safely.She has achieved everything she wanted to do，and she 10.is respected (respect) by many people around the world.And now she inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.话题中的写作根据提示，
45、利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。1露西是一位有成就的女医生。她的一生都奉献给了病人，她的行为赢得了所有人的尊重。(achievement)2露西被邀请在剑桥大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。(deliver)3露西说：“照顾病人是平凡的工作，但是不要瞧不起平凡的工作。一旦开始做一件事情，你就必须坚持下去，否则你将一事无成。只有当你80岁回首往事时，你才会意识到你是否已经全力以赴。如果你认为你尽力了，你会对你的一生感到满足。”(look down upon, carry on with, only状语)_One possible version：Lucy is a woman doctor of g
46、reat achievements, who has devoted all her life to patients. Therefore, her behaviour has won respect of all. Recently, Lucy was invited to deliver a speech on the graduation ceremony in Cambridge University.She said, “Caring for patients is an ordinary job, but dont look down upon ordinary jobs. Once you begin to do something, you must carry on with it, otherwise you will never achieve anything. Only when you are eighty and looking back on your life will you realize whether you have done your best. If you think you have tried your best, you can be content with your life.”