1、选修|Unit 20New Frontiers(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1permanent adj.永久的，长久的2radiation n. 辐射；放射3recreation n. 消遣；娱乐4stainless adj. 无污迹的5software n. 软件6discrimination n. 歧视；识别力7database n. 数据库；资料库8digital adj. 数字式的9autonomous adj. 自主的；自治的10disconnect v. 使不连接；切断11operational adj. 工作着的，即可使用的12premier adj. 最重要的第二
2、组：写其形1emotional adj. 情感(上)的2latter n. 后者3handy adj. 方便使用的4conflict n. 争执；冲突5rescue vt. 拯救，救援6original adj. 起初的；最早的7correspond vi. 通信；符合8meanwhile adv. 同时9outspoken adj. 直言的，坦率的10outcome n. 后果，结果11cure vt. 治愈12phenomenon n. (pl.phenomena) 现象13procedure n. 程序；步骤14present vt. 主持(电视或广播节目)； 呈现15split vi.
3、 分开，分离(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1technical adj.技术上的technique n技术technology n工艺，技术2starvation n饥饿starve v挨饿3equality n平等equal adj.平等的v.等于equally adv.平等地4assess vt.评价；评估assessment n评价；评估5donate vt.捐赠；赠送donation n捐赠；赠送donor n捐赠者6electronic adj.电子的electric adj.电的；电动的electrical adj.电的；电气科学的7specialist n专家special adj
4、.专门的；特殊的8poison n毒药；毒物poisonous adj.有毒的9permit vt.允许，许可；准许permission n允许；准许10declare vt.宣告；宣布declaration n宣布11exploration n探测；探险explore vt.探测，探险12assist vt.帮助；协助assistance n帮助；协助assistant n助手；助理13participant n参加者participate v参与，参加participation n参加，加入(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1in_advance提前，预先2take_over 接收，接管3giv
5、e_away 泄露(秘密)；赠送4carry_out 开展；执行5due_to 由于；因为6make_up_for 弥补7rather_than 而不是8in_conclusion 总之9not_to_mention 更不用说10figure_out 想出；理解；计算出11get_across 使理解；把讲清楚12be_dedicated_to 致力于；献身于13in_addition 另外14drop_off 下降；入睡(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1“by时间点”常与完成时连用悟原句By the end of the century, we will have discovered othe
6、r places in our solar system suitable for living and we will have discovered ways to go further into space.背佳句By four oclock tomorrow afternoon, I will have finished all the work.2.be doing . when .“正在做这时”悟原句In the summer of 1905, this outspoken young man was rocking his oneyearold baby when he was
7、suddenly inspired.背佳句He was walking in the street when he suddenly saw an old man fall off his bike.3.There is no doubt about/that .表示“毫无疑问”悟原句There is no doubt about it.背佳句(2020全国卷满分作文)There is no doubt that there are many things that I can learn from him.4.get动词的过去分词悟原句I think there will be an inv
8、ention that will help prevent drivers from getting stuck in traffic jams.背佳句(2014北京高考满分作文)Im feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because one of my feet got injured.1.特殊名词复数变化phenomenon n.(pl.phenomena)medium n.(pl.media)criterion n.(pl.criteria)mous
9、e n.(pl.mice)2.“总之”短语大冲关in conclusion总之in a word 总之all in all 总而言之in all 总共in summary 概括起来3.“互联网”家族database n数据库；资料库network n. 网络password n. 密码surf vi.&vt. 浏览download vt. 下载4.“时间”相关词一览permanent adj.永久的，长久的temporary adj.暂时的，一时的instant n& adj. 紧迫(的)interval n. 间隔，间歇punctual adj. 守时的 .用所给词的适当形式填空1She d
10、eclared that she would rather change her mind and many citizens were strongly against her declaration.(declare)2All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)3We are trying to assess how well the system works and the assessment will be su
11、bscribed to the committee.(assess)4With the development of technology,_this kind of technique is quite popular, for there are many technical training centers of this kind.(technology)5You are not permitted to leave here without his permission.(permit)6I have a teaching assistant who is a new graduat
12、e. He always assists me in adjusting hearing equipment. He also comes to my assistance when I have trouble with my computer.(assist)7Bill Gates has donated a large sum of money to society.And he is highly respected for his donation.(donate)8Many scientists are making great efforts to explore the Moo
13、n and other planets.Their exploration may change our future.(explore)9After three days without food, the men were close to starvation.If we had come later, they would have starved to death.(starve)10The burning plastic gives off poisonous (poison) gas, which is harmful to our health.介、副词填空1She plans
14、 to give away almost all of her money during her lifetime.2He had finally carried out his promise to stop smoking.3Sometimes our actions dont correspond with what we desire.4In_addition, when it comes to practicing our musical instruments, I have to practice more than double the time.5The project ha
15、d to be abandoned due to a lack of money.6With_the assistance of China, many countries in Africa had made smooth progress in a number of their major infrastructure projects.7He wanted to make up for_the time he had so stupidly wasted.8In_conclusion, Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying here.9
16、We cant figure out why quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.10He promises me that he can cure me of my illness but I still doubt him.选词填空1in advance of/in advancePeople were retreated from the coastal regions in_advance_of the hurricane.Unless there is an emergency, travel pla
17、ns should be made well in_advance.2meanwhile/in the meanwhile Meanwhile,_you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. I am going to travel abroad on this weekend, in_the_meanwhile,_ Ill visit an old friend of mine. .写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1He has to apply for a permit, and we have
18、to find him a job. 通行证2(2019全国卷)“Its good to know theres still someone out there who cares enough to go to that kind of trouble，” says Lisa of Ehlers rescue effort. 救援3(2019北京高考)Meanwhile，with her parents help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.与此同时4The destruction of such specie
19、s could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.疗法The fresh air and exercise cured him of his headache.治愈5My assistant will be in charge of the department in my absence.助理_.完成句子1By_the_time_you_graduate,_I shall have been working here for five years.(by时间点)到你毕业时，我将已经在此地工作五年了。2I w
20、as_reading_a_book_attentively_when an old friend came to see me.(be doing . when .)我正在全神贯注地读一本书，这时一位老友来访。3Be careful when you cross a busy street.If not, you may get_run_over_by_a_car.(get动词的过去分词)当你穿过繁忙街道的时候要当心，否则就可能被车撞到。4There_is_no_doubt_that health is more important than wealth.(doubt)毫无疑问，健康比财富重
21、要。5It is reported that some workers on strike conflicted_with_the_police. (conflict v)据报道，在罢工中有些工人与警察发生了冲突。1assist vt.帮助；协助 (1)assist sb. with sth.帮助某人某事assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)assistance nU 帮助with the assistance of 在的帮助下come to ones assistance 来帮助某人assistant nC 助手；助理；助教；店员演绎法练通单句语法填空The
22、teacher decided to assist me with my English study.There are countless travel websites to assist you in making these choices.Besides, the stamps can be ordered online with the assistance of the ID card or passport.Nobody is more concerned about us than our parents, who are willing to come to our ass
23、istance whenever we are in trouble.一句多译未来，它将用于帮助医生提高治疗的效率。It will be used to assist_doctors_with efficiency improvement in future treatments.(assist sb.with sth.)It will be used to assist_doctors_in_improving efficiency in future treatments.(assist sb.in doing sth.)2conflict n争执；冲突 vi.冲突；争执；抵触(1)com
24、e into conflict with与争执/冲突in conflict 处于矛盾中in conflict with 与冲突(2)conflict with 与抵触/冲突演绎法练通单句语法填空Many of these ideas appear to be in conflict with each other.All these actions taken by the company conflicted with the universally accepted business rules.Mary often comes into conflict with her classma
25、tes because of some trivial matters, which makes her upset.一句多译另一方面，时尚是我们生活的重要组成部分，它与我们的学习并不冲突。For another, fashion is an essential part of our life, which doesnt_conflict_with our studies.(conflict v)For another, fashion is an essential part of our life, which isnt_in_conflict_with our studies.(con
26、flict n)3assess v评价；评估；评判(1)assess sth. at .把某物估价为； 把某物估算为assess sth./sb. as 把某物/某人评定为(2)assessment n. 评价；评估；评定make an assessment (of) (对)做出评估演绎法练通单句语法填空/句型转换A calm assessment (assess) predicts a mixed effect of AI on the job market.The value of the secondhand car was assessed at 10 thousand dollars
27、.The young men were assessed as either safe or unsafe drivers.It makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks.It makes it easier for flight attendants to make_an_assessment_of any outside risks.4rescue vt.& n拯救；救援从救出某人/某物(2)come/go to sb.s rescue 援救某人make a rescue 实施救援演绎法练通单句语法填
28、空The brave firefighter rescued three children from the burning building yesterday.The girls screams alerted a passerby who came to her rescue.It was you that made a rescue in time, which gave us a second life.5donate vt.捐赠；赠送(1)donate sth.to sb.向某人捐献某物 (2)donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物；捐款give/make a donation to
29、 . 向捐赠(3)donor n. 捐赠者，赠送者演绎法练通单句语法填空She made a will, in which she would donate all of her body parts to those who needed them.You can of course help by giving them a donation (donate)The donor refused to tell his name after donating a large sum of money.(donate)一句多译虽然这个男孩非常喜欢这本故事书，但他还是把它捐给了慈善机构。Much
30、 as the boy liked the story book, he donated_it_to_the_charity.(donate)Much as the boy liked the story book, he made_a_donation_to_the_charity.(donation)6correspond vi.与通信；符合，相一致(1)correspond with sb.和某人通信correspond to/with sth. 与某物相一致(2)correspondence n. 相符，一致；和有通信联系in correspondence with 与一致；与有通信联
31、系演绎法练通单句语法填空/句型转换The marks on the products dont correspond with/to the goods I purchased on the Internet.What she just said isnt in correspondence (correspond) with the views of the majority.When corresponding with your foreign friends, you should give them your detailed address.Its a coincidence th
32、at your account of events corresponds with hers.Its a coincidence that your account of events is_in_correspondence_with hers.7meanwhile adv.同时；其间；与此同时完成句子Meanwhile/Meantime/At_the_same_time,_I found out that with more patience I could make my toys last.同时，我发现耐心多一点我就能让我的玩具保存得久一点。A wide variety of won
33、derful activities are there for you.In_the_meanwhile/meantime,_attending some lectures on Western culture is also a good option for you.那儿有各种各样精彩的活动。在此期间，出席一些有关西方文化的讲座对你也是不错的选择。归纳法记牢meanwhilemeantimeat the same time同时；其间in the meanwhile/meantime 在此期间名师指津meanwhile可以作名词和副词，但不能作连词，所以不能引导时间状语从句。8permit
34、vt.& vi.允许；准许；许可n.许可，准许；通行证(1)permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit (sb.s) doing sth. 允许(某人)做某事(2)permission n. 许可，允许get/obtain/ask ones permission 征得/请求某人的许可ask for permission 请求允许give permission 给予许可without permission 未经许可演绎法练通单句语法填空The rules of the school do not permit parking (park) near the school
35、gate.Weather permitting (permit), we will go hiking this Sunday.Employees are permitted to_use (use) the golf course during their free hours.When you are in, please dont touch the machines without permission (permit)完成句子I need to call my mother and ask_for_permission before we go out.我们出去之前，我得给我妈妈打个
36、电话征得她的同意。Without a_drivers_permit,_you are_not_permitted_to_drive the car.你若没有驾驶执照，就不允许开车。9declare vt.宣告；宣布(1)declare .to be .宣布为declare war on . 向宣战declare for/against 表示赞成/反对declare that . 宣布(2)declaration n. 宣言演绎法练通单句语法填空In September 1939, Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Pol
37、and.When they asked him about his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy because it offended his interest.In the declaration (declare), they declared for the governments decision to strengthen traditional Chinese festivals.名师指津declare表示“宣称，宣布”，其后的宾语可以是名词、代词，也可以是that从句，但习惯上不能是不定式。1in advanc
38、e提前，预先(1)in advance of在前面；超前on the advance (物价)在上涨(2)advance on/upon/towards 朝前进(3)advanced adj. 高级的；先进的；晚期的演绎法练通完成句子Trains also will have advanced_selfdriving_systems that can predict abnormal conditions in_advance and automatically slow in case of emergencies.列车还将配备先进的自动驾驶系统，可以提前预测异常情况，并在发生紧急情况时自动
39、减速。During the Spring Festival pork will be on_the_advance.春节期间猪肉会涨价。He advanced_on/upon/towards me in a threatening manner and I felt a little frightened.他以威胁的姿态向我走来，我有点儿害怕。Please complete all required readings in_advance_of each class.请在每次上课前完成所指定的阅读。2take over接收，接管；接任take in吸收，接纳；理解，领会；欺骗take off
40、脱下(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take up 拿起；着手处理；占据(时间、空间等)take back 收回，拿回；收回前言take down 写下；记下take apart 拆卸演绎法练通单句语法填空The emperors eldest son was so eager to take over the crown that he revolted (叛乱)Ask her which duties she feels shes big enough to take on its likely to increase her willingness to
41、try.The child wants to take apart a watch to see what makes it work.完成句子/句式升级They will take_up_a_hobby or attend a course away from their teaching subject matter.他们会开始一种业余爱好或参加一门与教学主题无关的课程。Internet shopping will take_off when people make sure that it is safe.当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它就成功了。3“by时间”作状语By_the_end_
42、of_the_century,_we will_have_discovered other places in our solar system suitable for living and we_will_have_discovered ways to go further into space.到本世纪末，我们将会在太阳系中发现其他适于人类居住的星球，并将发现进行更远空间探索的方法。用法规则“by时间”作状语，句子时态如下：(1)“by现在时间”，主句用现在完成时。(2)“by过去时间”，主句用过去完成时。(3)“by将来时间”，主句用将来完成时。注意事项“by 时间”与表示状态的动词连
43、用多用于一般式。By the end of the century, the population numbered about four million in this area.到本世纪末时，这个地区的人口已达到四百万左右。针对训练完成句子By now, five villagers have_been_attacked by the hairy creature.到现在为止，已经有5个村民被那个多毛生物袭击了。He had_left_by the time we reached home.当我们到家的时候他已经走了。By the time you receive this letter,
44、 I will_have_left_this_city for my hometown.当你收到这封信的时候，我将已经离开这座城市，回到了我的家乡。4There is no doubt .There_is_no_doubt about it.关于这一点是毫无疑问的。用法规则(1)There is no doubt about . 关于毫无疑问There is no doubt that . 毫无疑问There is some doubt whether . 是否还有疑问(2)dont doubt that . 确信；不怀疑doubt if/whether . 怀疑是否注意事项doubt 用作名
45、词时，在肯定句中接whether(不用if)引导的同位语从句；在否定句中接that引导的同位语从句。针对训练完成句子There_is_no_doubt_about the success of our experiment.关于我们实验的成功是毫无疑问的。There_is_no_doubt_that the event will attract more visitors to visit this wonderful city.毫无疑问，这次活动将吸引更多的游客来参观这座美丽的城市。There_is_some_doubt_whether he can win the first prize.
46、他是否能赢得一等奖还有些疑问。一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020全国卷)She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat by herself, and since shed found it too much to cope with (应对), shed taken it out on other people.2(2020江苏高考)People need permission (permit) to be funny in social settings becau
47、se theres always a risk that comes with humor.3(2020新高考全国卷)The participants (participant) followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.4(2019全国卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.5(2017江
48、苏高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation (starve)6(2016天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant (assist). There is too much work to do.7(2015浙江高考)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, s
49、o standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2018北京高考)The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly selfdriving cars on public roads.通行证词类活用(2020全国卷)Its this strange form that makes race wa
50、lking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.adj.助理的(三)高考中的完形填空1(2020全国卷)The family called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were _60_ and worth as much as $5
51、0 million.AcopiesBoriginalsCmodels Dpresents解析：选B官员证实了这两幅画是真迹，价值五千万美元。copy“复制品”；original“原作，原稿”；model“模特，模型”；present“礼物”。2(2018全国卷)When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, wrong number！” and move on. But when Dennis Williams received a text
52、that clearly wasnt intended for him, he did something _43_.Areasonable BspecialCnecessary Dpractical解析：选B根据上文语境可知，丹尼斯做了不同寻常的(special)事情。reasonable“合情合理的”；necessary“必要的”；practical“实用的”。3(2018江苏高考)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been use
53、d up to pay lawyers fees.To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious disease.There was no_38_， only pain relief.Acure BluckCcare Dpromise解析：选A由空后的“only pain relief”可知，此处是说该病无法治愈(cure)。luck“运气，好运”；care“关心，照顾”；promise“许诺，答应”。(四)高考中的写作1(2020全国卷书面表达)In_addition,_whats_puzzling_us_is_th
54、at_there_are_no_emotional_changes_in_our_tone_and_pronunciation,_most_of_which_sounds_dull.(emotional; which引导定语从句)另外，让我们困惑的是，我们的语调和发音没有情感上的变化，大部分听起来很枯燥。2(2020全国卷书面表达)In_the_meanwhile,_she_secretly_stuck_some_famous_sayings_such_as_“Where_there_is_a_will,_there_is_a_way”_on_my_table,_reminding_me_to
55、_keep_a_positive_attitude_toward_life.(meanwhile；分词作状语)与此同时，她偷偷地在我的桌子上贴了一些名言，如“有志者，事竟成”，提醒我要保持积极的人生态度。3(2018北京高考书面表达)If_you_have_other_questions,_please_feel_free_to_correspond_with_me. (correspond with)如果你有其他问题，请随时与我保持通信。4(2017全国卷书面表达)There_is_no_doubt_that_pingpong_is_regarded_as_the_National_Ball
56、_Sport_of_China.(Theres no doubt .)毫无疑问，乒乓球被认为是中国全国性的球类运动。5(2014福建高考书面表达)Worse_still,_I_took_many_falls_off_the_bike.I_was_giving_up_when_my_father_came_and_encouraged_me_to_keep_going. (be doing . when .)更糟糕的是，我多次从自行车上摔下来。我正要放弃时，父亲过来鼓励我继续前进。二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇biotechnologytransplant clone technology dig
57、ital artificial intelligence innovative scientificradiation sustainable invention astronomy astronaut database instant valuecommunicate announce convenient planet bring about be viewed as sustainable developmentcome up with artificial intelligence be cautious about get away from be expected to make
58、achievements 练中巩固.单句语法填空1They were accused of abusing their power to keep prices artificially (artificial) high.2It is the superior intelligence (intelligent) and the use of language that distinguish man from the other animals.3It is our governments strategy to maintain the sustainable (sustain) dev
59、elopment of society.4There are certain factors I must take into account on my new invention (invent)5They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about scientific (science) discoveries.完成句子1We can observe that artificial_intelligence_has_already_made_an_impact_on_our live
60、s in many ways. 我们能看到人工智能已经在很多方面影响了我们的生活。2The scientific exploration should_be_viewed_as the most important way of learning.应把科学探究看作最重要的学习方式。3Today, sustainable_development_is_a_proper_trend_in many countries.可持续发展是当今世界许多国家的必然趋势。4I was amazed that hed come_up_with_this_good_idea.我很惊讶他会想出这个好主意。5The findings suggest that stress may bring_about_a_double_effect.研究结果表明，压力可能会带来双重影响。