1、必修|Unit 14Careers(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1insurance n保险2bonus n. 额外津贴，奖金3fee n. 服务费，学费4income n. 收入5wage n. 薪金，工资6institute n. 机构；学院7chart n. 表格，图表8summary n. 摘要，总结9childhood n. 童年，儿童时代10multiply v. 大量增加；乘11continent n. 大陆，洲12carpenter n. 木匠13typist n. 打字员14wisdom n. 智慧15chemist n. 化学家第二组：写其形1decrease
2、v. 减少，降低2reward n. 奖赏3charge vt. 收费，要价 n. 负责4consult vt. 请教；查阅5bother vt. 烦扰；打扰6casual_ adj. 随意的，非正式的7overcome vt. 战胜，克服8stage n. 舞台；阶段，时期9grasp vt. 理解，领会；抓牢，抓紧10envy_ vt. 羡慕，妒忌11panic v. 恐慌，惊惶12guidance n. 指导13aid n. 援助，帮助14flexible adj. 灵活的，柔韧的15junior adj. 低级的(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1commit vt.投入committed
3、adj.尽责的commitment n承诺；保证2appointment n约见，约会；任命，委派appoint vt.任命，指派；预约；安排3illegal adj.不合法的，违法的legal adj.合法的4instant n片刻，瞬息 adj.瞬间的，立即的，紧急的instantly adv.即刻地，马上地instance n例子；事例；情况5surrounding adj.附近的，周围的surround v包围，围绕surroundings n环境6inspect v审查inspection n检查，视察inspector n检查员，视察员7hesitate v犹豫，踌躇hesitat
4、ion n犹豫，踌躇8comfort n& vt.(使)安慰；舒适，安逸comfortable adj.安慰的，舒适的9operate vi.运转，运作；做手术 vt.操作operation n操作；手术operator n操作员；接线员10respond vi.回复，回答；反应response n回复，回答；响应，反应(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1take_charge_of接管；控制2make_up_ 编造；组成3make_out 假称；听出，看出4go_into_detail(s) 讨论，细谈5speak_up 大声地说，自由而大胆地说出6sit_up 坐直；熬夜7believe_in
5、信任；信仰8turn_over 反转；翻转9pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功10keep_up_with 跟上，赶上11in_case 以防万一；万一12due_to 由于13in_addition 此外14turn_up 出现，到达15leave_behind 留下来；将落在后面16above_all 最重要的是(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1as long as 引导条件状语从句悟原句I discovered then that as long as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quali
6、ty reports.背佳句(2019全国卷满分作文)I believe we will finally be the winner as long as we are hardworking enough! 2.finditadj.to do sth. 悟原句Between now and the 21st century, citizens of the worlds richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.背佳句
7、(2020全国卷满分作文)But we find it difficult to make the adapted plot complete and attractive enough.3.whatever引导让步状语从句悟原句Whatever I do, it will be with music.背佳句(2020全国卷满分作文)Whatever difficulties we come across, he doesnt hesitate to come to our aid.1.“帮助”家族aid n& v帮助，援助help n& v. 帮助assist v. 协助support n&
8、v. 支持sponsor n&v. 赞助(者)fund v. 提供资金2.“数学运算”大团圆multiply v. 乘minus prep. 减，减去add vi. 加；加起来divide vt. 除 square n. 平方plus prep. 加，加上3.up短语全接触make up 编造hang up 挂起来pick up 捡起bring up 抚养dress up 打扮clear up 澄清；放晴4.归纳all短语above all首先；最重要的是first of all 首先in all 总共all at once 突然；同时；马上all the best 万事如意all the s
9、ame 尽管如此，仍旧.用所给词的适当形式填空1I am glad that I commit myself to taking (take) exercise for an hour every day.2In addition to giving (give) a general introduction to computers, the course also provides practical experience.3In my opinion, its not the passengers but the driver is (be) to blame.4He was appoi
10、nted as headmaster and wanted to tell his girlfriend the good news at the appointed time, but she missed their appointment somehow.(appoint)5As is known to all, the legal things should be protected and anything illegal must be banned.(legal)6The instant my father received the news that my grandpa be
11、came ill, he went to the hospital instantly.(instant)7When in trouble, dont hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation.(hesitate)8The doctor was operating on the injured operator,_but his chances of surviving the operation were slim.(operate)9She was faced with a new job, in u
12、nfamiliar surroundings (surround) with strange people.介、副词填空1Well have to operate on the little girl because her life is in danger.2Its reported that average house prices decreased by 13% last year. 3The old man reads papers to keep up with whats happening in the outside world.4Frankly speaking, it
13、is hard for me to make out what he is saying.5You need money and time; in addition, you need diligence.6She promised that she would come, but she hasnt turned up yet.7He devoted most of his time to his research, believing his hard work would pay off sooner or later.选词填空1in case/in case ofPlease leav
14、e your phone number in_case we lose touch in_case_of emergency.2in charge of/in the charge ofThe company is_in_the_charge_of Tom while the boss is away.Tom is in_charge_of_the company while the boss is away.3make up/make up forEveryone in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and_maki
15、ng_up_stories.Caroline doesnt have a gift for music, but she makes_up_for it with hard work.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1This machine is very easy to operate.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.操作If the doctor had operated on him earlier, he wouldnt have died. 动手术The medicine will operate in ten minutes.
16、起作用They operate three factories and a huge warehouse. 经营2. The police charged the thief with stealing the jewels. 指控How much did he charge you for repairing this pair of shoes? 收费With the ticket, you may get a French fries free of charge in KFC. 费用He cant take charge of the company because he is too
17、 young. 负责3With the price going up, it became increasingly expensive to hire casual workers. 临时的4The baby has reached the stage where he can stand up. 阶段.完成句子1In_response_to_the_audiences_great_demand,_the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. (in response to)应观众的强烈要求，这部戏每周将会在这个剧院上演两次。2It
18、_bothers_Tom_that_he cant find a job that he really likes.(it作形式主语， bother)使汤姆烦恼的是，他不能找到一份他真正喜欢的工作。3We must_bring_the_plan_into_operation as soon as possible. (bring . into operation)我们必须尽快实施该计划。4Wherever_he_is,_he_makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk after supper. (wherever引导让步状语从句， makeitadj.to do)不管在
19、哪里，晚饭后都要去散步，这是他的习惯。5I grasped_the_rope_tightly_in_case I might fall off. (grasp, in case)我紧紧抓住了绳子，以防我会摔下去。6As the proverb goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”_Our_efforts_will_pay_off_in_time. (pay off)正如谚语道，有志者，事竟成。我们的付出最终会得到回报的。1charge vt.收费，要价；指控，控告；充电n.主管，掌管，负责；费用辨析法理清辨清楚写出下列句中charge的词
20、性和含义As long as youve paid in advance, we wont charge you for delivery. vt.要价，收费The shaver can be charged and used while traveling. vt.充电He was charged with murder, but the court found him innocent and he was released. vt.控告，指控We have a swimming pool, which is open all day and free of charge. n.费用Sin
21、ce the manager left his position, she has been in charge of the company. n.主管，掌管理明白charge的相关用法归纳(1)charge sb. for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用charge sb. with . 指控某人(2)in charge of 主管，掌管/管理free of charge for free 免费in/under the charge of sb. 在某人的掌管之下take charge of 管理，负责针对训练 单句语法填空I wonder how much you will charge
22、 me for the sixweek course.The traffic policeman charged the driver with speeding and fined him $50.He was in charge of the company while the boss was absent.一句多译布莱克先生不在时，由我负责整个工厂。Ill be in_charge_of_the_whole_factory when Mr Black is away.The whole factory will be in_the_charge_of_me when Mr Black
23、is away.Ill take_charge_of_the_whole_factory when Mr Black is away.名师指津in charge of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”； in the charge of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。2reward n奖赏，回报vt.奖赏；给以报酬(1)in reward for . 作为报酬；作为对的报答as a reward (for .) 作为(对的)报酬/奖赏give/offer sb.a reward for sth. 因为某事而给某人报酬(2)reward sb.with . for sth. 为某事
24、而用酬谢某人(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有意义的；有回报的演绎法练通单句语法填空Theres nothing more rewarding (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.You mentioned that you could teach English as a reward, which is exactly what I want.(2016北京高考)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts wi
25、ll be rewarded with success in the end.He received high praise in reward for his caring about the old.May I give you a reward for your helping with my English?3consult vt.请教；查阅单句语法填空She consulted with her parents about the way to do the matter.He felt quite honored to become the Presidents consultan
26、t (consult) on economic affairs.Kevin consulted his teacher about whether he should study abroad after graduation.完成句子When in doubt about the meaning of a word, consult_a_dictionary.当拿不准词义时，查查词典。If any of these symptoms occurs while you are taking the medicine, consult_your_doctor immediately.在服药期间如
27、果出现任何这样的症状，就立即去咨询医生。归纳法记牢(1)consult sb. about sth. 向某人请教/咨询某事；就某事与某人磋商/交换意见consult with sb. about sth. 与某人商量某事consult a dictionary 查字典(2)consultant n. 顾问名师指津consult作“查阅”讲时，相当于refer to或turn to，后面接要查询的工具书，如句；look up也有“查阅”之意，但它后面需接要查询的问题或内容，如look up words in the dictionary。4commit vt.投入；使承诺；犯(错误、罪行等)(1
28、)commit sb. to (doing) sth.使某人承诺(做)某事commit oneself to (doing) sth. 专心致志于；投入于commit sth. to sth.调拨，拨出供使用commit suicide/a crime/a murder自杀/犯罪/谋杀(2)commitment n. 承诺；保证；承担义务；奉献make a commitment/promise 作出承诺(3)committed adj. 尽责的演绎法练通单句语法填空Giving up my job to go back fulltime education was a big commitme
29、nt (commit), but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.Both sides committed themselves to settling (settle) the dispute peacefully.They called on Western nations to commit more money to the poorest nations.He was a good worker who committed himself (him) to his family as well as to his wor
30、k.名师指津在短语commit sb./oneself to中，to为介词，其后须跟名词、代词或动名词。如句。5operate vi.运转，运作；做手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营辨析法理清辨清楚写出下列句中operate 的含义People were trapped between floors because the lift didnt operate properly.运转The new drug began to operate not long after it was taken. 起作用Young as he is, he operates the company very we
31、ll. 经营Follow the instructions when you operate the machine. 操作The doctor insisted that the patient was badly hurt and that he should be operated on at once. 做手术理明白operate的相关用法归纳(1)operate on 给做手术(2)operation n. 运作；经营；手术give/perform an operation on 给做手术bring/put .into operation 使运作/转； 实施come/go into
32、operation 实施，开始生效in operation 在运行/转中，起作用演绎法练通单句语法填空The doctor in charge of the operation (operate) was taken to the police station to give an explanation of the medical accident.Doctors decided to operate on the patient injured in the accident at once.When the machine is in operation, keep away from
33、 it.完成句子Its reported that the local government will bring/put_the_new_law_into_operation next month.据报道，当地政府将于下个月实施这项新法律。Its said that it wont be long before the law comes/goes_into_operation.据说这项法律不久就要生效。6bother vt.烦扰；打扰；使恼怒；使不安vi.烦恼，担心；麻烦，费心n.麻烦；令人烦恼的事或人(1)bother sb. with/about sth.因某事麻烦(打扰)某人both
34、er about sth. 为某事费心，为某事烦恼bother to do/doing sth. 费/操心做某事It bothers/bothered sb. that . 使某人烦恼/担心的是(2)put sb. to any bother 给某人添乱演绎法练通单句语法填空You dont bother to_get/getting (get) dinner for me today. Ill eat out.Im sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such an occasion.Dont bother about d
35、riving me home. Ill walk.It bothers me that I havent told him the truth.完成句子I dont want to put_him_to_any_bother,_so I try doing it by myself.我不想给他添乱，所以我试着靠自己做这件事。It_bothers_me_that_he always bothers_me_with boring questions. I dont want to_bother_to_answer_these questions.令我烦恼的是他总是问些无聊的问题烦我。我不想费神回答
36、这些问题。名师指津bother作“麻烦；困难”讲时，是不可数名词；作“令人烦恼的事物；讨厌的人”讲时，是可数名词。1make up占；形成，构成，组成；弥补；编造；整理；化妆；和好辨析法理清辨清楚写出下列句中make up的含义Leave this notice hanging on your door, asking the servant to make up your room. 整理Peasants make up over 80 percent of the population in that developing country. 占How can we make up for
37、what you have lost？ 弥补，补偿Dont make up any excuse for your being late again. 编造，虚构In order to attend the important meeting, she spends too much time making herself up. 化妆They quarreled the other day but they made up soon. 和解，和好理明白make的相关短语归纳make out (费力)理解；假装；辨认出；看清楚make it 取得成功；准时到达；做到了be made up of
38、 由组成make for 移向，走向；促成；有利于make up for 弥补，补偿make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事 针对训练完成句子(2017北京高考书面表达)After a heated discussion, we made up our minds to record our experiences at school.经过激烈的讨论， 我们下定决心录制在校的一些活动经历。She determined to work twice as hard as before to make_up_for_the_lost_time.为了弥补失去的时间，她决
39、心加倍努力工作。We all know that the brain_is_made_up_of_cells in a certain pattern.我们都知道人脑是由细胞按照一定的排列方式组成的。名师指津be made up of 表示“由组成/构成”，其同义短语有consist of, be composed of等。2in case以防万一；万一；假如in case of .假如，在情况下in any case 无论如何，不管怎样in no case 绝不，在任何情况下都不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)in this/that case 如果是这样/那样的话as is often th
40、e case 这是常有的事演绎法练通单句语法填空The boy hid himself behind the tree in case his father should see him.Today, well discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.选用上述短语填空In_this_case,_people should be educated to raise their awareness of distinguishing false informatio
41、n.The cost may be higher than we first thought, but in_any_case it will still be quite satisfying.In_case_of emergency, break the glass and press the button.名师指津(1)in case后跟状语从句，并且从句用一般现在时表示将来，有时可用“should动词原形”。而in case of后跟名词，不跟从句。(2)如果case充当先行词，后面的定语从句通常用where或in which引导。如句。3as long as引导条件状语从句I dis
42、covered then that as_long_as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.那时我发现，只要我具有献身精神，决不放弃，就能写出高质量的报道。(1)as long as/so long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。(2)引导条件状语从句的其他连词有：unless, in case, on condition that, provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing (that), assume/assumin
43、g (that), (only) if, given (that) 等。针对训练完成句子Suppose/Supposing/Providing/Provided/Given_that_they_refuse_us,_who else can we turn to for help?假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还可以求助谁？So_long_as_we_hold_fast_to_our_ideals_and_never_give_up,_we are bound to achieve success.只要我们坚持自己的理想，永不放弃，我们就一定会取得成功。(2018天津高考书面表达)We are ve
44、ry pleased_assume/assuming_(that)_you_can_give_your_valuable_advice when you receive the training program in your email.当您收到电子邮件中的培训计划时，假如您能给出宝贵的建议，我们会非常开心。4finditadj.to do sth.Between now and the 21st century, citizens of the worlds richest and most advanced nations will find_it_more_and_more_diffi
45、cult_to_keep_up_with the demand for change.在现在和21世纪的这段时期，这个世界上最富裕和最先进的国家的公民将会发现赶上变化的需求越来越难了。(1)句中使用了“finditadj.to do sth.”结构。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语“to keep up with the demand for change”，形容词difficult作宾语补足语。(2)it 作形式宾语，用于“动词it宾补真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中：针对训练单句语法填空People in China make it a rule to_visit (visit)
46、 relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.I consider it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him about it.完成句子(2015江苏高考书面表达) Whats worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think_it_vital_to_obey_t
47、raffic_rules.更糟糕的是，有些司机、骑自行车者和路人认为遵守交通规则不重要。I believe_it_necessary_that you (should) go over your homework before you hand it in.我认为你有必要在交作业之前先检查一遍。一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020全国卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding (surround) the mountain tops, he was
48、 reduced to tears.2(2020新高考全国卷)People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable (comfort)3(2019天津高考)Kate heard a mans voice in the background, but she couldnt make out what he was saying. 4(2018北京高考)Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding (reward
49、) experience.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2018全国卷)While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading. 急剧的词类活用(2016天津高考)They are collected from the airp
50、ort upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. n舒适(三)高考中的完形填空1(2020江苏高考 )And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the _51_ Wilson made to preventing the preventable.AoppositionBadjustmentsCcommitment Dlimitations解析：选C句意：数千万亚洲人和非洲人能够重见光明是因为威尔逊努力地防患于未然。opposition“反对”
51、；adjustment“调整，调节”；commitment“奉献，投入”；limitation“限制”。故选C。2(2020全国卷)Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they wont _60_ to open them and walk through.Ahurry BdecideChesitate Dintend解析：选C此处表示当孩子们看到“门”的时候会毫无“顾虑”地打开门，走过去。故选C。(四)高考中的写作1(2020全国卷书面表达)When_I_come_across_t
52、he_problems_in_my_study,_my_father_will_listen_to_me_patiently_and_encourage_me_to_overcome_the_difficulties_bravely. (overcome)当我在学习中遇到问题时，父亲会耐心地听我说话，鼓励我勇敢地克服困难。2(2020全国卷I书面表达)Without_his_aid,_my_skills_in_English_wouldnt_have_been_greatly_improved！(aid；虚拟语气)没有他的帮助，我的英语水平不会有那么大地提高！3(2020全国卷书面表达)Wha
53、t_impresses_me_most_is_that_aged_84,_Zhong_Nanshan_rushed_to_the_front_line_of_the_epidemic_area_without_hesitation_at_the_beginning_of_the_outbreak_of_COVID19_epidemic.(what主语从句；hesitation)给我印象最深的是，84岁的钟南山院士在新冠肺炎疫情爆发之初，毫不犹豫地奔赴疫区前线。二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇occupationjournalist barber interviewer accountant eng
54、ineer secretary author assistantphysician dismiss experienced employment recommendation position candidate achievementsign accuse interview prepare for apply for show interest in devote oneself toachieve ones goal make contributions to fill in the form be qualified for leave an impression on get the
55、 first prize 练中巩固.单句语法填空1He moved to Ohio in 2005 where, among other things, he worked as a journalist (journal)2On television he made an even stronger impact as an interviewer (interview)3He was going to college at night, in order to become an accountant (account)4Hes very experienced (experience)
56、in looking after animals.5The best way of finding a lawyer is through personal recommendation (recommend).完成句子1She is the only one of the staff who_is_qualified_for the job.她是唯一一个能胜任这项工作的员工。2Only in this way can we make_great_contributions_to_our family and our society.只有用这种方法我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出大贡献。3He
57、showed_great_interest_in the game in which the young men competed last night.他对昨晚年轻人参赛的那个游戏很感兴趣。4Its high time that we should_devote/devoted_ourselves_to_environmental protection and ecological improvement.是我们致力于环境保护和生态改善的时候了。5I am excited because I have_achieved_my_goal_to_get_the_first_prize_in the contest.我很兴奋，因为我已经实现了在比赛中获得一等奖的目标。