1、必修3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note(讲案)必修3一、重点词汇 考点1.scene n.(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色【教材原句】Act I,Scene 3 第一幕，第三场【例句研读】Our reporter was the first person_.我们的记者是最先到达出事地点的。I saw the scene_ my own eyes.我亲眼目睹了那一幕。【自主归纳】behind the scenes 在后台；在幕后on the scene 在现场；当场set the scene 提供条件appear/come on the scene 出场；登场
2、the scene of the accident 事故现场on the scenewith【巧学妙记】【易混辨析】scene,scenery,sight与viewscene 指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery 的一部分，景物中的人及活动大多包括在内。scenery 指某地总的自然风光或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。sight 既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，也可以指名胜、风景。在表示“名胜，风景”时，用复数形式。view 常指从某个位置或角度所看到的景色，还可表示“观点”。【即时巩固】(1)Firefighters and policemen rushed_，but the couple
3、were already dead.消防队员和警察匆匆赶往现场，但这对夫妻已经丧命。(2)It was not long before a helicopter arrived _ to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.不久一架直升机到了现场来搭救飞机失事的幸存者。(3)用scene，sight，view和scenery 的适当形式填空。The cave is a very nice _ in that place.From the top of the hill you have a nice _ of the whole city.The _
4、 in the mountains is very beautiful.Firefighters were on the _ immediately.答案：（1）to the scene(2)on the scene(3)sight view scenery scene 考点2.permit vt.许可；允许；准许 n通行证；许可证；执照(可数)His health doesnt_ his travelling with us.他的健康状况不允许他同我们一起旅行。Weather _,we will go fishing.天气允许的话我们就去钓鱼。【自主归纳】(1)permit sb sth 允
5、许某人某事permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事permit doing sth 允许做某事be permitted to do sth 被允许做某事(2)a drivers/driving permit 驾驶执照(3)permission n.准许，许可，批准with/without ones permission 得到允许/未经允许ask for permission 请求允许 permitpermitting【温馨提示】permit后不能直接跟不定式，但应注意有be permitted to do sth结构。与permit一样，后面直接跟动名词或跟不定式复合结构的动词还
6、有allow,forbid,advise等.【即时巩固】(1)The doctor will not permit Mother_ until her leg is better.在母亲的腿好些之前，医生不允许她起床。(2)He entered the chemistry lab without _.他未经允许就进入了化学实验室。(3)The soldiers had orders that no stranger_through.士兵们接到命令，不许任何陌生人通过。答案：（1）to get up (2)being permitted/permission(3)(should)be permi
7、tted考点3 spot vt.发现；认出 n斑点；污点；地点(1)She was wearing a white skirt with red_.她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。(2)The police_(发现)h im driving a stolen car【自主归纳】spot sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事be spotted with 散布，点缀on the spot(on the scene)到/在现场；当场 spotsspotted【即时巩固】(1)He left the party seconds before smoke was spotted _ along t
8、he stairs.就在他离开聚会几秒钟后，有人发现烟雾顺着楼梯冒上来了。(2)James was called to see the producer and got the job_.詹姆斯被叫去见制片人，当场就得到了那份工作。(3)More than ten policemen turned up at the spot _ the accident happened.十多位警察出现在出事地点。答案：（1）coming up/rising（2）on the spot（3）where考点4.account vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；账目【教材原句】.,which
9、 avvounts for my appearance.这就解释了我衣冠不整的原因。【例句研读】(1)He got angry_ this account.由于这个缘故他生气了。(2)How do you _your absence from school yesterday?你怎样解释你昨天的上课缺席？(1)account for 导致；做出解释；(在数量方面)占(2)on account of(because of)因为on no accountin no way 决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)open/close an account(在银行)开立/结清账户take sth into
10、 account/consideration 考虑到某事 onaccount for【即时巩固】(1)My car broke down on its half way,_my being late for the meeting.我的汽车半路出故障了，这就是我开会迟到的原因。(2)Everything _ into account,her plan seems more practicable.考虑到各种因素，她的计划似乎更可行一些。(3)On no account _ you go to bed with the gas on.你无论如何不可以去睡觉时不关煤气。答案：(1)which ac
11、counted for(2)taken(3)shall考点5 seek(sought,sought)vt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求 【教材原句】I went to the American embassy to seek help,but我去美国大使馆寻求帮助，可是。【例句研读】1)他是一个正在找工作的新毕业生。He is a graduate _ a job.2)关于这个问题你应该征求律师的 意见。You should _ this matter.3)我从来没企图隐瞒我的想法。I have never _my idea.seeeking forseek a lawyers advice ab
12、outsought to hide【自主归纳】seek ones fortune/fame 追求财富/名誉；碰运气 seek sth from sb 向某人寻求某物 seek after/for 寻找；追求 seek to do sth(try/attempt to do sth)试图/企图做某事 【即时巩固】(1)He_，but the doctor didnt give him anything useful.他征询医生的意见，但是医生并没有给出有用的建议。(2)All three countries have large oil companies that _ deals in Afr
13、ica.三个国家都有大石油公司在非洲寻求贸易机会。(3)The special medicine for the disease wasnt found though_ everywhere.尽管四处寻找，治疗这种疾病的特殊的药还是没有找到。答案：（1）sought his doctors advice（2）are seeking（3）sought 考点5 starev凝视；盯着看【教材原句】His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on the table.他的眼睛盯着看桌子上兄弟俩吃剩的东西。【例句研读】(1)Do you
14、like_ at?你愿意人家盯着你看吗？(2)She _him into silence.她把他盯得不吭声了。(3)The book I was looking for _in the face.我找的书其实就在我面前。【自主归纳】stare at 盯着看stare sb.into sth.瞪着某人使其做出某种反应be staring sb.in the face 就在某人眼前；十分明显辨析：(1)stare指吃惊、害怕或深思地盯着看、凝视、注视。(2)glare侧重于怒视，暗含敌对或威胁的态度。(3)glance指快速地看或瞥一眼。being staredstaredwas staring
15、me【即时巩固】单句语法填空。(1)I couldnt find my comb yet it was on the dressing table，_(stare)me in the face all the time.答案：staring 单句改错。(2)The boy lay on the grass，with his eyes stared at the stars in the sky.答案:stared-staring考点6 bow bau vi.&vt.鞠躬；弯腰 bu n.c 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬【教材原句】The owner,the hostess and the waiter a
16、ll bow as Henry leaves.当亨利离开的时候，主人，女主人和服务员都鞠躬。【例句研读】1).We all _ _the Queen.我们都向女王鞠躬致敬。2).His back was _with age.他因年老而驼背。【自主归纳】bow to/before sb.向某人鞠躬bow to sth.向低头；接受某事 bowed tobowed【即时巩固】用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。1).The boss _ _ the demands of the workers.2).The cast _ as the audience applauded.答案：1).bowed to
17、 2).bowed考点7.bet n.赌；打赌 v.打赌；赌钱【教材原句】Two old and wealthy brothers,Roderick and Oliver,have made a bet.两个岁数大的富有的Roderick and Oliver两兄弟已经打赌了。【例句研读】1).He often _a 1ot of money on horses.他经常在赛马上豪赌。2).I bet that it will rain tomorrow.我敢_明天一定会下雨。【自主归纳】bet on为某事打赌make a bet on 为某事打赌win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了 be
18、ts打赌【即时巩固】1).We _ _ _ _(打赌)the outcome of the next horse race.2).他把所有的钱都用在赌马上。_答案:1).make a bet on 2).He spends all his money betting on horses.二、重点短语考点1.bring up 抚养(孩子)；培养；教育；提出(话题)；呕吐【教材原句】He was brought up in Hannibal,Missouri,along the Mississippi River.他在密西西比河畔 密苏里州的汉尼拔市被抚养长大。【例句研读】1).She _five
19、 children.她养育了五个孩子。2).Her parents died when she was a baby and she _by her aunt.她出生後不久父母双亡,是由姑母抚养大的【自主归纳】(1)bring sb up to be/as 培养某人成为 bring sb up to do sth 培养某人做某事(2)bring about 引起；导致bring back 归还；使回忆起bring in 赚得；收获(庄稼等)bring out 出版；显现；生产bring down 降低brought upwas brought up【即时巩固】写出下列各句中bring up的意
20、思。These are the matters that you can bring up in the committee.()We are brought up to respect others.()Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.()He was so sick that he brought up everything.()答案：提出 教育抚养 呕吐考点2go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说【教材原句】Not at all.Go right ahead.不介意
21、，请问吧。【例句研读】1).Despite the bad weather,the journey will _.尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。2).The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划_。【自主归纳】go ahead with sth 继续(做)某事look ahead 朝前看ahead of 领先；在前面；早于ahead of time(in advance)提前 go ahead进行【即时巩固】用ahead相关短语的适当形式填空。After a pause,he _ his speech.The
22、 new bridge was completed _.Could I use your bike?Sure，_.Im not using it.答案：went ahead with ahead of time go head 考点3 by accident=by chance 偶然；无意中【教材原句】As matter of fact,I landed in Britain by accident.实际上，我碰巧在英国着陆。【例句研读】1).Last time I ran across her in the street_.上次我偶然在街上碰见她。2).I only found it by
23、accident.我只是_找到的。【自主归纳】by contrast 对比之下by mistake 错误地by hand 用手，用体力by machine 用机器 by accident碰巧【即时巩固】用by+n.构成的词组填空。1).I was in such a hurry that I took someone else s umbrella _.2).These toys are made _ instead of _,so they are very expensive.3).She had found the file _.答案:1).by accident/chance 2).b
24、y hand;by machine 3).by accident 用by+n.构成的词组填空。1).I was in such a hurry that I took someone else s umbrella _.2).These toys are made _ instead of _,so they are very expensive.3).She had found the file _.Keys:1).by accident/chance 2).by hand;by machine 3).by accident考点4.to be honest=to tell(you)the t
25、ruth=honestly speaking老实说；说实话 考点4to be honest=to tell(you)the truth=honestly speaking老实说；说实话【教材原句】To be honest,I have none.说实话，我一分钱也没有。【例句研读】1)._,I have no time to do it.老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。2).To be honest,I dont think we have a chance of winning._,我认为我们没有获胜的可【自主归纳】英语中表示“说”的短语：generally speaking一般来说exact
26、ly speaking确切地说to be frank=frankly speaking坦率地说in general一般地来说in other words换句话说or rather更确切地说to sum up概括地说that is 也就是说 to be honest说实话【即时巩固】用表示“说”的短语填空。1)._,women live longer than men.2).He got home late last night,_ early this morning.3)._,I don t enjoy the performance.答案:1).Generally speaking 2).
27、or rather 3).To be frank/honest 考点5.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反只作状语 【教材原句】On the contrary,in fact.事实上，正好相反。【例句研读】1).It doesn t seem ugly to me;_,I think it s rather beautiful.我觉得它并不丑,恰恰相反,它挺美。2).It wasn t a good thing;on the contrary,it was a huge mistake.这并不是一件好事，_，这是个巨大的错误。【自主归纳】to the contrary（表明是）相
28、反的；相反地作定语和状语 (be)contrary to 违反（某事物）；与相反 on the contrary相反【即时巩固】用contrary短语填空。1).The car isn t expensive._ _ _,its quite cheap.2).I will come on Monday unless you write me _ _ _.3).I will continue to believe it until I get proof _ _ _.4).The results were _ _ expectation.答案:1).On the contrary 2).to t
29、he contrary 3).to the contrary 4).contrary to 考点6 take a chance=take chances冒险，碰运气 【教材原句】We will have to take a chance.我将不得不冒险。【例句研读】He took a big chance when he made the investment.当时他投资时是_。【自主归纳】have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of(doing)sth/to do sth/that.大有希望/没有可能/没什麽希望做某事 by chance:b
30、y accident:accidentally:unintentionally 偶然地；意外地；非有意地 the chances are(that).:it is likely that.很可能 give sb.a chance 给某人一个机会 a chance of lifetime千载难逢的机会 冒了大风险的【即时巩固】用chance短语填空。1).The guide book didn t mention there being any hotels,but we decided to _ _ _.2).You should never _ _ when driving a car.3)
31、.What are the chances _(介词)his coming?4).很可能她要来。_.5).我遇见她完全是偶然的。_.答案:1).take a chance 2).take chances 3).of 4).The chances are that/It s likely that she ll be coming.5).I met her quite by chance.考点.as for 至于，关于【教材原句】As for the bill,sir,please forget it.至于那张支票，先生，请忘了吧。【例句研读】As for you,you ought to be
32、 ashamed of yourself._你,你应该感到惭愧。【自主归纳】as to 至于，关于；提到；就而论(至于，说到)至于【即时巩固】翻译。1).He was uncertain _ _ _(至于)which road to take.2).Would you be so kind _ _(至于)help me to move the stone?3).关于我的过去,我什么都不会告诉你。_.答案:1).as to 2).as to 3).As for my past,I m not telling you anything.【即时巩固】You finally made it,didnt
33、 you?Yes,_your help,I wouldnt have succeeded.Ain spite ofBbut forCdue toDthanks to 解析考查短语辨析。in spite of尽管；but for如果没有，如果不是；dueto由于；thanks to由于句意：你最终成功了，不是吗？是的，如果没有你的帮助，我不可能成功，根据句意选B。答案B三、经典句型 考点1.had just done.when.“刚刚.突然.”The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by
34、 a ship.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我.【句式点播】(句中when为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。【例句研读】He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.She was on the point of leaving when I arri
35、ved.【拓展归纳】when常用于以下句型：1).be about to do when 正要做某事就2).be on the point of doingwhen 正要做某事就3).be doingwhen 正在做某事就在这时4).had just done sth.when.刚做完某事就5).had hardly donewhen 几乎还没有做完某事就【例句研读】He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.I was about
36、 to go out when an unexpected visitor came.She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.【即时巩固】翻译句子。1)他正要出去时天下起雨来了。_ 2)我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。_ 3)那个小孩正骑着车，就在这时，摔了下来。_.答案:1).He was a bout to go out when it bagan to rain.2).I d just finished my test paper when the bell rang.3).The boy was riding when he fell o
37、ff his bike.bout to go out when it bagan to rain.2).I d just finished my test paper when the bell rang.3).The boy was riding when he fell off his bike.考点2.find oneself+介词短语/分词“发现自己不知不觉处于某种状态”【教材原句】Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.傍晚时分我发现我被一阵大风刮到海上去了。句式点播find+
38、sb./sth.+宾语补足语=find+(that)+sb./sth.+谓语动词搭配 find+sb./sth.doing 发现在做(主动)find sb./sth.done发现被做(被动)find oneself in/at.发觉自己在某处处于【例句研读】1).I found that the boy was hiding behind the door.=I found the boy hiding behind the door.2).When day broke,we found ourselves in a small villageat the foot of the mounta
39、in.【即时巩固】1).I found the boy _(hide)behind the door.2).When day broke,we _ _ _(发现我们到了一个村子里)a small village at the foot of the mountain.3).The film star_ _ _ _ _(发觉自己被围住)a group of fans immediately he got off the car.4).He found a wallet _(lie)on the ground.答案:1).hiding 2).found ourselves in 3).found
40、himself surrounded by 4).lying 考点3.whenever意为“在任何时候，无论何时”。【教材原句】You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.您什么时候想来，想吃点什么，您随时来就行。【句法分析】(1)whenever，引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when。(2)whatever引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句=anything that【自主归纳】(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/h
41、ow。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。(3)however用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样；无论如何”，具体结构为：however形容词/副词主语谓语。(4)whichever，whatever在句中还可作定语。The content is the same whichever book you choose.【例句研读】Whenever we met with diffic
42、ulties，they came to help us.However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.Whatever your problems are，you mustnt lose heart.Whoever breaks the law should be punished.(whoever不能换成no matter who)【即时巩固】翻译。1)._ _ _(无论何时)you have problems,you may turn to me for help.2).我将相信你所说的一切。_.3
43、).无论你说什么，我都相信你。_.答案:1).Whenever/No matter when 2).I ll believe whatever you say.3).Whatever you say,I ll believe you./No matter what you say,I ll believe you.语法宾语从句1.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句。2.whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，注意用whe
44、ther不用if a.当有or not时就用whether,不用if.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词（what,who,whom,which,whose when,where,how,why等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。4.宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。否定转移：在I/We think(believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,fancy等)后面的从句里，如果含有否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从句移到主句，这叫否定转移。注意：在发生否定转移的句子中
45、，其反意疑问句的人称及助动词应与从句的人称和动词相对应。技巧助学：“否定转移”的5个常用词：我认为（think）猜想（suppose）与想象（imagine）都不可相信（believe），我期待（expect）等着你的回答。宾语从句要注意的几个问题:1.时态呼应2.否定转移:(think,believe,suppose,expect,guess 等).但一般出现在主句是一般现在时的情况下.I dont think you have met before,have you?I thought you would not come,so I went there by myself.3.后面不能直
46、接跟that从句的动词:allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,celebrate,dislike,hate,love,help,take,forgive 等.这类次后可用其它形式作宾语.I admire their winning the match.(正确)I admire that they won the match.(错误)表语从句表语从句的连接词(四大类)(1)that引导的表语从句,本身无意义,但不能省略。(2)whether引导的表语从句意为:“是否”。不能用 if 替代。(3)what,which,who,whom,whose可在表语
47、从句中充当“主语,宾语,定语,有自己的词义。(4)where,when,why,ho在表语从句中可充当时间,地点,方式,原因状语。(5)It is/was because.It is/was why.The reason(why/for)is/was that.The reason is because/why 2.用if 或whether 填空 1.I dont know_ Ill be free tomorrow.2.I dont know_ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3.The question is _ this book is worth writing
48、.4.It depends on_ we will have enough money.5._they can do it matters little to us.6._you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.答案：if/whether 2.whether 3.whether 4.whether 5.whether 6.If 归纳:a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether，慎用if；b.后面紧跟 or not 时,用whether【即时巩固】1.用that 或what 填空1.I wonder if this is _you are looking for.2.Our school is quite different from_ it was before.3._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.4._ the earth is round is known to us all.whatwhatwhatThat