1、（新课标）2016高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book 6 Unit 5 The power of nature 新人教版重点识记词汇1.burn to the ground全部焚毁2.make ones way前往3precious adj.贵重的；珍贵的 4.tremble vi.摇晃；摇动；颤抖5glance through匆匆看一遍 6.guarantee vt.保证；担保7vary from.to.由到不等 8.wave n波浪；波涛 vi.波动；起伏；挥手9potential n潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj.可能的；潜在的10panic (panicked，panicked)
2、vi.& vt.惊慌 n惊慌；恐慌11alongside adv.在旁边；沿着边 prep.在旁边；沿着的边12novelist n小说家novel n小说13persuasion n信服；说服persuade v说服14equipment n设备；装备equip vt.装备；配备15appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n约定；任命16absolute adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地17suit n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜suitable adj.合适的18actual adj.实在的；实际的actually adv.实际地19
3、uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的comfortable adj.(反义词)舒适的；舒服的20unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的conscious adj.(反义词)意识到的；故意的；神志清醒的21shoot (shot，shot) vt.射中；射伤shot n射击；枪炮声22anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的anxiety n担心；焦虑；渴望23diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的diversity n多种多样；多样性24bathe vi.洗澡；游泳bath n沐浴25appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢appreciate vt.欣赏
4、；感激26evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计evaluation n评估27erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生eruption n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发必背经典句式1.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。2The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experi
5、ence，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。3It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩子就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。4.Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientis
6、ts to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家来预测熔岩接着将往何处流去，流速是多少。构词记忆beginning /bIInI/ nC常作单数开始hearing /hIrI/ nU听力；听觉surrounding /srandI/ adj.周围的 n(pl.)周围的环境；环境understanding /ndstndI/ n1.U理解；领悟2.C常与不定冠词连用(非正式的)协议warning /wnI/ nU&C警告；告诫wedding /wedI/ nC婚
7、礼；结婚庆典.词汇与派生A语境填词1My time is precious(珍贵)；I can only give you a few minutes.2Hearing a man following her，she panicked(恐慌)and ran as fast as she could.3She recognized the potential(可能性)for error in the method being used.4We dont know with absolute(绝对的) certainty that the project will succeed.5Its gua
8、ranteed(保证) to rain when you want to go out.6She trembled (颤抖) to think what might have happened to him.7Can you imagine a volcano erupting(爆发)suddenly before you?8The teacher evaluated(评估) the performance of each student.9She shows little appreciation(欣赏)of good music.10She is unconscious(未察觉的) of
9、the effect she has on people.B用所给词的适当形式填空11He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)12He was appointed as manager of the company.But to everyones surprise，he didnt accept the appointment.(appoint)13Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic.(p
10、anic)14People from diverse cultures hold different understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.(diverse)15She varies her dress as fashion changes for she has various kinds of clothes and shoes and she thinks that variety is the spice(调味
11、品) of life.(vary)16The labs in our school are equipped with a lot of good equipment，which is helpful for our study.(equip).短语运用A用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空be appointed as，burn to the ground，make ones way，glance through，vary from.to.，give birth to，take notice of17I saw them making their way，hand in hand，down t
12、he path.18During the terrorist attack on September 11th the World Trade Center was burnt to the ground.19I came across a piece of shocking news when I was glancing through the newspaper.20Keep silent！Take notice of what they are talking about you.21Heseltine has been appointed as Minister of the Env
13、ironment.This comes no surprise.22The amount of sleep we need varies from person to person.23The scientists experiments gave birth to a new drug.B用方框内所给短语填空24The child was fast asleep with all lights on.25Mary has a diversity of interests；she likes sports，travel，photography，and making radio sets.26P
14、andas are loved by people all over the world.经典句式27The meeting was about to be held when it began to rain.会议正要开始，这时开始下雨了。28There being another chance，he will try his best.假如再有一次机会，他会尽力而为。29It is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。30Having answered the teachers
15、 questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed.回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了。1 appoint vt.任命；委任(choose sb. for)；安排，确定(时间、地点)(arrange；decide on)应试指导求职类写作高频词汇appoint sb.(as/to be).任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事by appointment 按照约定have an appointment with sb.与某人有约make an appointment with sb.与某人预约/约会They a
16、ppointed him (as/to be) captain of the English team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。Could I change my appointment from one to two?我能不能把一点的约会改到两点？夯实基础语法填空(1)The Prime Minister has appointed a civilian as/to be the defence minister.(2)I have made an appointment with Doctor Smith.(3)Our doctors are seen by appointment on
17、ly.(4)Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed(appoint) to guard her.2 evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计多词一义evaluate，assess，valueevaluate sb./sth.评估/评价某人/某事evaluate value/importance/quality评估价值/重要性/质量evaluation n评估；评价We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我们需要对
18、这一政策产生的效果作出评价。夯实基础(1)用evaluate的适当形式填空Evaluation is standard practice for all training arranged through the school.“You need humility when evaluating the impact of globalization，” he says.It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated(evaluate) in terms of overall quality.(2)The doctor e
19、valuated the patients condition and then he decided to try a new drug.After evaluating the patients condition，the doctor decided to try a new drug. (用“afterdoing”结构改写句子)Having evaluated the patients condition，the doctor decided to try a new drug.(用分词作状语改写句子)3 suit v.适合；(使)适宜(be right for)；n.诉讼；恳求；套装
20、(a set of clothes)多词一义suitable，fit，suited，appropriate suit sth.to sb.使某物适合某人suit ones needs适合某人的需要be suited to/for适合于；适宜于be suitable for适合于be suitable to do sth.适合做a suit of clothes一套衣服That color doesnt suit her.那种颜色不适合她。He can suit his conversation to whoever hes with.无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块。词义辨析match，suit，
21、fit(1)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。(2)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等。(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。夯实基础(1)用match，suit，fit的适当形式填空The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me.(2)The challenge is finding suitable partners for them.The challenge is finding partners that suit them.
22、(用动词suit和定语从句改写句子)4 guarantee vt.保证；担保(promise)；n.保证；担保；保修单应试指导应用类写作高频词汇guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事guarantee to do sth.保证去做某事be guaranteed to do.肯定会under guarantee在保修期内give sb.a guarantee that.向某人担保All students are guaranteed campus accommodation for their first year.保证安排所有的学生第一年在校内住宿。Even if you comple
23、te your training，I cant guarantee you a job.即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。夯实基础我们保证在一周内将货物送到。(一句多译)(1)We guarantee to deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee v)(2)We are guaranteed to deliver the goods in one week.(be guaranteed to)(3)We give a guarantee that we will deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee
24、n)5 make ones way前往；到地方去(head for)；(在事业上)有所起步make ones way to朝走去feel ones way摸索着前进lose ones way迷路push ones way推着前进fight ones way奋斗着前进wind ones way蜿蜒前进force ones way挤出去We made our way directly to the recreation room.我们直接向娱乐室走去。Is this your plan for making your way in the world?这就是你要出人头地的计划吗？夯实基础用figh
25、t，force，wind，feel的适当形式填空(1)There was no light，so we had to feel our way in the dark.(2)She gradually fought her way to the top of the company.(3)Try and force your way through the crowd.(4)The bus is winding its way up the mountain.1 It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and pe
26、rsuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。It is said that.据说It is thought that.大家认为It is believed that.人们相信It is hoped that.人们希望It is reported that.据报道It is wellknown that.众所周知It is supposed that.据说It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.经常听
27、人说人类天生就有说话的能力。特别提醒上述结构可改为Sb./Sth.be said/thought/believed/hoped.to do/to be doing/to have done，根据动词不定式和said动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式。夯实基础同义句改写(用he作主语改写下列句子)(1)It is supposed that he is working in that big company.He is supposed to be working in that big company.(2)It is said that he has written
28、 a new book about workers.He is said to have written a new book about workers.(3)It is thought that he often helps the people in need.He is often thought to help the people in need.2单元语法用动词的ing形式改写下列句子(1)As I came out of my house，I saw the volcano erupting.Coming out of my house，I saw the volcano er
29、upting.(2)When she woke up in the middle of the night，she saw her room was as bright as day.Waking up in the middle of the night，she saw her room was as bright as day.(3)She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.(4)As I had never seen a volcano erupting before，
30、I was very excited.Never having seen a volcano erupting before，I was very excited.(5)It rained heavily so that it caused severe flooding in the area.It rained heavily，causing severe flooding in the area.高考题组.语法填空(2014新课标全国)One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about 41.being (be) late fo
31、r school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,42.and some of them looked very anxious and 43.disappointed (disappoint)When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next 44.to the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike 45.caught (catch) my attention.He
32、 was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused 46.to stop (stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept 47.riding (ride)He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally，when we came to the next stop，the bo
33、y ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked，“48.Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear！Its 49.me/mine (I)” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began tal
34、king about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers 50.suddenly (sudden) became friendly to one another.写作常用句翻译1对学生来说，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。(suit)(2011四川书面表达)To students，youd better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.2让你感到困惑的问题实际上也是困惑着很多中国父母的问题。(actually)(2011陕西书面表达)What puzz
35、les you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China.3我被告知学习中心给学生提供帮助，现在我急于获得你们的帮助。(anxious)(2011新课标全国 书面表达)I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and Im anxious to get help from you.4我被任命负责安排那天的所有活动。(appoint)(2011天津书面表达)I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activi
36、ties on that day.模拟题组.语法填空1Before he got the project started，I asked for an evaluation(evaluate) of the cost of doing so.2He described what he saw in a trembled(tremble) voice.3The parents will be anxious(anxiety) unless they know that their children are safe and sound.4I would like to speak for our
37、 group to express our appreciation for your valuable help.5I kept silent in the backseat of the car as we made our way to Grandmas.6AIDS is said to have been(be) the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.7I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was bu
38、sily drying myself with a towel when I heard the steps.8Linda acts as if she were the boss，ordering(order) people around.9I have an appointment with Dr.Smith，but I need to change it.10Pressed from his parents，and realizing(realize) that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playi
39、ng video games.单句改错1The mother was standing at the gate，anxiously to see her son.anxiouslyanxious2Lincoln had shot while watching a play in the Fords Theatre.hadwas3They have been appointed a new head teacher at the school already.去掉been4With all the houses being burnt to the ground，they had no plac
40、e to live in.去掉being5Be sure to make effort to save the heros life.make后加上an6Have you bored with the same busy life day after day？HaveAre7The snow being so thick，how did you make way to the top of the hill？make后加上your8I was about to leave while the telephone rang.whilewhen9I had intended to have gon
41、e to Beijing during my holiday，but an unexpected guest came.去掉had10Not completed the project，they have to stay there for another two pletedcompleting.写作句式升级训练Because there is the pair of shoes，in the future fewer and fewer people will drive cars.(素材来源于2014湖南书面表达)There being the pair of shoes，in the
42、future a decreasing number of people will drive cars.(用独立主格结构及高级词汇decreasing改写句子).阅读理解AWith more than 10,000 plants，the 68ft “living wall” near Victoria station will collect rainwater which falls onto the roof of the building and use it to nourish the plants.The result will be an eyecatching garden
43、which brightens up the popular tourist route，near the Rubens at the Palace Hotel，and stops it from flooding.Containing more than 20 seasonal plant species，the wall required 16 tons of soil and will be capable of storing up to 10,000 litres of water.The project，backed by London Mayor Boris Johnson，wa
44、s launched with the aim of dealing with a key environmental challenge in London.According to the Environment Agency，there are around 534,000 properties in London on the Thames flood plain and one in four are at risk of flooding.This is partly due to the low absorbency of urban surfaces.Matthew Pench
45、arz，the Mayors Advisor for Environment and Energy，said，“London has plenty of trees，parks，gardens and increasing numbers of living roofs，which can increase resilience(适应力) to extreme weather.The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure London can continue to compete，
46、not only as the greenest city in Europe，but as the best city on the earth.”A similar living wall was built in Islington in 2005 but ended in disappointment after the watering system failed and all the plants died.At that time critics accused the council of wasting 100,000 of taxpayers money on a “gr
47、een extravagance(奢侈品)”The Victoria project is believed to be the largest of its kind in the country.Ruth Duston，CEO of Victoria BID，said，“Building the living wall has a longterm positive impact on the environment.It delivers a model of best practice for London.”The flowers have been chosen to ensure
48、 the wall is in bloom all year round，attracting wildlife such as birds，butterflies and bees.Armando Raish，managing director of Treebox，said，“Due to the variety of plants，we expect the living wall to significantly increase the number and variety of bugs and bees in this part of Victoria.”1The “living
49、 wall” was designed to .Adisplay some unusual plantsBprevent flooding when it rainsCstore rainwater for the citizensDattract more tourists to London答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，这道种植植物的墙建在维多利亚火车站附近，目的是用雨水浇这些植物，预防伦敦市区泛滥成灾。2The underlined word “backed” in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by .Acriticized B
50、constructedCsupported Drejected答案C解析词义猜测题。从第四段中伦敦市长顾问的话“The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure.”中可以推断出，市长对该项目的态度是支持的。画线的单词back意为“支持”，可被support代替。criticize批评；construct建造；reject拒绝。3Why are 25% of the buildings on the Thames flood plain at risk of flooding?ABecau
51、se the buildings are near the river.BBecause it rains heavily all the year round.CBecause there are few trees and plants in London.DBecause the ground doesnt absorb much rainwater.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，在伦敦市的泰晤士河的洪泛区，有大约534 000处房产，其中的四分之一面临被淹的危险。部分原因是城市地表的吸收能力低。4Which would be the best title of the t
52、ext?AA Beautiful Garden CityBLondons Living Wall of GreenCMore Species in Central LondonDCreative Way to Fight Flooding答案B解析标题归纳题。本文向读者介绍了英国伦敦市治理雨水泛滥的新举措，建造一道种植植物的墙。故选B项。BA postgraduate student in France took to his microblog to complain about having to do shopping for relatives and friends.The micr
53、oblog post has drawn wide attention on the Internet and many students said they were tired of shopping for friends in China as it was interfering with their studies.“I am a postgraduate student，not a professional purchaser，” said the student in France，identified as Li Yuandong.As a science student，L
54、i said，“I am not a fashion expert，I am a scientist，but I know about the latest items of Louis Vuittion and I can distinguish various types of perfume，nail polish，and face lotion.”Lis story drew heated discussion on the Internet among other students studying abroad.“This is so typical.Mine is worse b
55、ecause I live in a village far away from Paris.It takes me hours to get to Galleries Lafayette，but I have to go there every week.”“I dont know how much money I have spent on train tickets，but nobody seems to care，” a girl，identified by her Internet name of Jarlay121，said.Another student studying in
56、Britain said that once her cousin asked her to buy 20 packs of diapers(尿片)，two toilet lids and a bumper(缓冲器) for a Toyota car.“Every time I am at the airport，I hold up the queue at security checks and I have to pay extra money for overweight packages.I cannot ask them to pay for that because they ar
57、e all my relatives and friends，” said a Shenzhen girl name Zhu Jingtong.Zhu is now studying in the United States.Although some students make money from shopping for those in China，many others would rather spend more time studying and enjoying life in another country.“It is risky because we may be ch
58、arged for avoiding taxes or even smuggling(走私)Once I was scared because I had five iPhones for my relatives in my luggage.If customs had caught me，I could have got into a lot of trouble，” Zhu said.5The main reason why some students were tired of shopping is that .Athey dont like shopping frequentlyB
59、their studies are interfered by too much shoppingCthey have to pay extra money for overweight packagesDthey have to spend a lot of money on train tickets答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的“it was interfering with their studies”可知海外留学生们厌倦替亲友购物的最主要原因是学业受到了影响，故选B。6Which of the following statements is NOT true accordi
60、ng to the passage?ACustoms can charge those who avoid taxes or smuggle goods.BNot all students make money from shopping for their relatives or friends.CThe students will be paid back if they pay extra money for overweight packages.DSome of the goods cant be bought where the students live.答案C解析推理判断题。
61、由最后一段可知A正确；由倒数第二段可知B正确；由第五段可知D正确；由倒数第三段可知，由于超重而自己付的钱是无法向亲友开口要的，故选C。7It can be inferred from the passage that some students studying abroad .Ahave to shop for others though they dont want toBhave to pay for shopping for othersChave to avoid taxes for shoppingDhave to be checked if packages are overwe
62、ighed答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，海外的留学生帮国内亲友购物这一事情已经给他们带来了困扰，尽管他们不愿意这样做，但也开不了口拒绝。故选A项。8What would be the best title for the passage?ALife with Too Much ShoppingBA Foreign Students MicroblogCOverseas Students Tired of ShoppingDShopping in Foreign Countries答案C解析主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，本文讲述的是海外留学生为国内亲友购物的相关情况及他们对这件事情的厌烦
63、和苦恼。.语法填空W：Hi！It is nice to see you.9.Where have you been these days?M：I went to Beijing for business.I left last week and returned yesterday morning.Because it was Friday yesterday and the manager wasnt going to work on the weekend，I had to spend the whole day 10.(in) preparing(prepare) a report ab
64、out my Beijing business trip.I 11.worked(work) on it until I got a headache，but I finished the report in time to send to the manger just half an hour before the end of the workday.W：No 12.wonder you are looking so tired！You have been working much 13.too hard.M：Thats 14.why I come here to the park to
65、 relax a bit.W：How was your business in Beijing?M：I could say it was 15.a success.I was able to return 16.earlier (early) than I had planned.I 17.had thought (think) my trip would last two weeks and I would have to spend Christmas alone.W：Congratulations！I hope you can enjoy 18.yourself now.Lets get
66、 together sometime.M：OK.Good bye!.短文改错Great changes had taken place in the way of communication in peoples life.In past，people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or use the public telephone.But now almost everyone have their own mobile phone.Whats even more，people have easy acce
67、ss on the Internet.It allows them to send and receive emails whenever we like.With these changes，peoples work has been made much efficient.It used to taking several days to hear of each other，and now it takes only several minutes，even if they are in two different countries.答案Great changes taken plac
68、e in the way of communication in peoples life.In past，people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or the public telephone.But now almost everyone their own mobile phone.Whats even more，people have easy access the Internet.It allows them to send and receive emails whenever like.Wit
69、h these changes，peoples work has been made (或much后加more) efficient.It used to several days to hear each other，and now it takes only several minutes，even if they are in two different countries.书面表达你将参加国际中学生环境论坛，就雾霾天气(fog and haze weather)这一问题发表演讲。请你用英语写一篇100词左右的发言稿。要点包括：1描述雾霾(fog and haze)对人们的身体和生活造成
70、的不良影响；2建议民众和政府分别采取具体行动来维护空气质量。注意：开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。Ladies and gentlemen，I feel it a great honor to have a chance to give a speech here，talking about 参考范文Ladies and gentlemen，I feel it a great honor to have a chance to give a speech here，talking about fog and haze weather.Since the end of last year，fog
71、and haze weather has occurred a lot in some areas of China, which has done great harm to our daily life.Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy fog and haze.Besides, more and more citizens have to go to see the doctor because of the serious disease caused by the fog and haze.Now th
72、at we have realized the great harm caused by the fog and haze，we should take measures to reduce fog and haze weather.The government should suggest people go to work or school with the public transportation, such as the bus and the underground.Also more trees should be planted.As for me, I will go to school by bike or on foot.Would you join us in protecting the environment?Thank you.