1、Unit 1Festivals around the worldReading必修三Pre-reading1.What festivals or celebrations do you have in your city or town?What part of a festival do you like bestthe activities,the music,the sights,the food or the people who visit?2.Look at the pictures and title of the passage below.What kind of infor
2、mation you think will be introduced in the passage.Spring FestivalJanuary 1Guessing Compition:Guess what festival it is according to the picture you see as quickly as you can.Lantern Festival,January 15Dragon Boat Festival,May 5 Mid-autumn Day,August 15Easter around March 22-April 25Easter,the princ
3、ipal festival of the Christian church year,celebrates the Resurrection(复活)of _ on the _ day after his Crucifixion(死于十字架上).For Christians,Easter is a day of religious services and the gathering of family.Jesus ChristthirdHalloween October 31HalloweenHalloween is from _,which is celebrated on _.People
4、 would dance at the fancy ball and wear _ _in order to _away spirits looking for bodies to possess.AmericaOctober 31ghost costumes(clothes),false faces and witches hats,frightenHalloween Parade(游行)Thanksgiving Daythe last Thursday of NovemberChristmas DayDecember 25 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONSReading
5、What festivals are mentioned in each paragraph?P1.Ancient festivalscelebrate the end of the cold weather,planting in spring and harvest in autumn;celebrate when hunters catch animals.P 2.Festivals of the DeadJapan-ObonMexico-Day of the DeadAmerica-HalloweenP 3.Festivals to Honour PeopleDragon Boat F
6、estivalColumbus Day(India)October 2Obon(盂兰盆)in JapanColumbus DayP 4.Harvest FestivalsHarvest and Thanksgiving FestivalMid-Autumn festivalP 5.Spring FestivalsSpring festivalCarnivalEaster Cheery Blossom FestivalHarvest Festivals1.The ancient people neednt worry about their food.2.Halloween used to be
7、 a festival intended to honor the dead.FTTrue or False3.Qu Yuan was a great poet who people honor a lot in China.4.Mid-autumn Festival is held to celebrate the end of autumn.5.Easter celebrates the birth of Jesus.TFFAnswer following questions.1.When did people celebrate in Ancient Times?a.the end of
8、 the cold weather;b.planting in spring and harvest in autumn;c.when hunters could catch animals.2.What kind of things are done to celebrate the Obon Festival?People should go to clean the graves,light incense,lamps and play music.3.Why does Indian have a national festival on October 2?To honor Ganhd
9、i who helped gain Indians independence from Britain.4.How do Europeans celebrate Thanksgiving festivals?Decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruits;people get together to have meals.5.Name three things people do atSpring Festival.eat dumplings,fish,meat;give children lucky money;dragon
10、dances;visit family membersActivitiesCleaning _;lighting _ and lamps;playing _Eating cakes with _ on them;offering food,flowers and _ to the deadChildren _ and ask for sweetsObonThe Day of the DeadHalloweenFestivalsgravesincensemusicbonesgiftsdress upFestivals of the Dead:Fill in the blanks.Festival
11、s to Honour PeopleMatch the person with the festival.1.Qu Yuan 2.Christopher Columbus 3.Mohandas Gandhia.the Dragon Boat Festivalb.an Indian national festival on Oct.2c.Columbus DayacbHarvest FestivalsChoose the best answer.Many activities can be held in harvest festivals EXCEPT that people _.A.get
12、together to have mealsB.decorate houses to admire the moonC.win awards for their farm produceD.enjoy mooncakesBActivities Eating good foods;giving children _ money;_ _ and carnivals_;dancing in the streets;loud music;_Spring FestivalCarnivalsFestivalsSpring Festivals:Fill in the blanks.luckydragon d
13、ancesParadescolourfulclothing1.Skim the reading passage and then fill in the following chart.ComprehendingKinds of Festivals Names of FestivalsCountriesFestivals of the DeadObon JapanDay of the DeadHalloweenMexicoSomeWesterncountriesKinds of FestivalsNames of FestivalsCountriesFestivals to Honour Pe
14、oplefestival tohonour GandhiIndiaDragon BoatFestivalColumbus DayChinaUSAKinds of FestivalsNames of FestivalsCountriesHarvest FestivalsHarvest/Thanksgivingfestivals;European andother countries;mid-autumnfestivalsChina andJapanKinds of FestivalsNames of FestivalsCountriesSpring FestivalsCherry Blossom
15、FestivalJapanSpring FestivalEaster andrelated holidaysChinasome Westerncountries1.What are festivals of the dead usually for?Festivals of the dead are for honouring or satisfying dead ancestors or others,who some people believe might return to help or harm living people.2.Answer the following questi
16、ons.2.What makes autumn festivals happy events?Autumn festivals are happy events because people are thankful that food is ready for winter and the hard farm work is finished.3.What do people usually do at spring festivals?At spring festivals,people usually have dances,carnivals and other activities
17、to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring.4.What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations?It is important to have festivals and celebrations so we can enjoy life/be proud of our customs/forget our work for a little while.5.Compare the festivals of the dead in Mexico,J
18、apan and China.What things are similar?What things are different?The Chinese,Japanese and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to honour the dead.The Chinese and Japanese go to clean their ancestorsgraves,and the Mexicans offer food,flowers and gifts to the dead.However,there are some diff
19、erence.The Mexicans eat special food that looks like bones,something the Chinese and Japanese do not do.Three common thingsReasons why they are important to people everywhere1233.Based on the reading passage,what do most festivals seem to have in common?Talk with your partner and fill in the chart b
20、elow.Three common things might be from the following:food,music,entertainment,being with family and friends,dance,lights or fires,remembering events or people.4.Discuss in pairs which festivals you think are the most important and which are the most fun.Then fill in the chart below with your ideas.T
21、ype of festivalExample of festivalReasons for your choiceMost importantMost funGroup WorkWork in groups and create your own festival and then report it to the class.Name of the festivals:Date:Meaning:Why it is celebrated:How it is celebrated:SummaryMost ancient festivals would celebrate the end of t
22、he _ _,planting in _ and harvest in _.Todays festivals have many _,some _,some _ and some for special _ or _.Origins of festivalseventscold weatherspringautumnoriginsreligiouspeopleseasonalFill in the blanks according to the passage.How do Japanese honor their ancestors?They have a festival called O
23、bon,when people should go to clean _ and light _ to honor their _.They light _ and play _.Festivals of the DeadgravesincenseancestorslampsmusicWhat do people in Mexico do in memory of the dead?They offer _,_and _ to the dead on the Day of the Dead.On that day,People eat food in the shape of _ and ca
24、kes with _on them.food flowers giftsskullsbonesWhat do people in Western countries do in memory of the dead?They used to believe in the _ of the _ of dead people.It is now a _ festival,when they can _ and go to their neighbors homes to ask for _.returnspiritschildrensdress upsweetsThe Chinese,Japane
25、se and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to _ the dead.The Chinese and Japanese _.honorgo to clean their ancestorsCompare the festivals of the dead in Mexico,Japan and China.What things are similar and what things are different?gravesHowever,there are some differences.The Mexicans,_,som
26、ething the Chinese and Japanese do not do.eat food in shape of skulls and cakes with bones on themFestivals to Honor PeopleMatch the festivals with the proper people.Columbus DayNational Festival on October 2The Dragon Boat FestivalChinaIndiaUSAHarvest FestivalsPeople will _ on Thanksgiving festival
27、s.1.2.3.decorate churches and town hallsget together to have mealswin awards for their farm produceDifferent from Thanksgiving festivals in Western countries,what activities do China and Japan have in Mid-autumn festivals?People _ the moon and in China enjoy _.admiremooncakesWhat does Easter celebra
28、te?Do you know the symbols of Easter?It celebrates the return of _ from the dead and the coming of _ and _.Easter eggs and Easter Bunnies(rabbits).Jesusspringnew lifeSpring FestivalsWhat is the most popular spring festival in Japan?Cherry Blossom Festival.The country were covered with cherry tree fl
29、owers,looks as though it is covered with pink snow.What does Japan looks like in this festival?What is your favourite festival?Why?When is it?What is the festival about?How long can you have for holiday?What do you usually do in the festival?My Favourite FestivalI like festival best.It is celebrated
30、 on to remember/in memory of It usually lasts days.People do Suggested expressions:of all kinds 各种各样的all kinds of各种各样的the same kind of相同种类的different kinds of不同种类的this/that kind of这(那)种a kind of 某种1.Festivals and celebrations of all kindshave been held everywhere.That kind of question is very difficu
31、lt to answer.=Questions of that kind are difficult to answer.那类问题是很难解答的。We sell all kinds of shoes.=We sell shoes of all kinds.我们卖各式各样的鞋。You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo.=You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo.你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。Books of this kind _(sell)well in the booksto
32、re.This kind of books _(sell)well in the bookstore.句中谓语动词的单复数由“books”确定。句中的谓语动词由“kind”确定。sellsellsPractice2.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the clod winter months.在那个时代,如果食物难以找到,特别是在寒冷的冬月,人们就会挨饿。starve v.1)挨饿;饿死Millions of people starved to death duri
33、ng the war.战争中数百万人挨饿至死。2)(使某人)得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物;缺乏The homeless children were starved for love.这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。3)to feel very hungry 感觉很饿,仅用于进行时态When will dinner be ready?Im starving.晚饭什么时候做好?我快饿死了。starvation n.U 饿死starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资3.or satisfy the ancestors,who could return either to help
34、or to do harm.或使祖先得到满足,因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助,也可能带来危害。1)satisfy vt.满足,使满意;satisfy sb.satisfied a.感到满意的;be satisfied withsatisfying a.令人愉快的satisfaction n.满意;to ones satisfactionsatisfactorily ad.满意地satisfactory a.令人满意的The teacher was satisfied with his satisfying/satisfactory answer.2)harm n.damage,in
35、jury 损害;伤害do harm to sb(习俗)=harm sb 伤害某人come to harm 身体上、精神上或道义上受到损害,通常用于否定式Ill go with her to make sure she comes to noharm.我要和她一同去以免她受到伤害。do more harm than good弊大于利If we solve the problem in this way,it may domore harm than good.如果我们以这种方式处理问题,那可能是弊大于利。harm v.损害或伤害某人/某事物This event didnt harm his re
36、putation.这个事件没有损害他的名誉。区别:hurt,injure,harm,damage,woundhurt 普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可精神上,感情上的伤害。The girl hurt herself badly in the accident.那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。injure比hurt正式,hurt多指伤痛,而injure则指损害健康,成就,容貌等,强调功能的损失。He injured his hand while playing basketball.他在打篮球时手受了伤。damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失,这种损失或因自然灾害
37、所致,或因人为造成。如：Several cars were damaged in the accident.好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。wound 指枪伤,刀伤,刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的,严重的伤,特指战场上受伤,它可以指肉体上的伤害,也可指人们精神上的创伤。如:The bullet wounded his left leg.子弹打伤了他的左腿。in praise of in honor of in celebration of in search of 歌颂为纪念为庆祝为寻找4.in memory of纪念如：They set up a monument in memory of the so
38、ldiers who died in World War II.The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.5.this will lead the ancestors back to earth.leadto 领往;使得出(结论)lead to 通向;引起,导致请把客人领到会客室去。Please lead the guests to the reception-room.你是如何得出这个结论的?What led you to this conclusion?条条道路通罗马。All roads lead to Rome.食用过多
39、的糖会引起健康问题。Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.6.,people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes in the shape of 呈现某种形状,以某种形式The roses are placed in the shape of heart.The end of the performance show is in the shape of Happy New Year.in the form of 用的形式in the name of 以的名义，凭/假借的名义7.Hal
40、loween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.万圣节也源自人们古老的信念,认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。1)origin n.起源;由来,可用做可数名词或不可数名词,通常用作复数形式The tradition has its origins in the Middle Ages.这个传统发源于中世纪。He told me it was a word of unknown origin.他告诉我这是个词源不详的词。2)belief n.信任;信心;信仰。belief 通
41、常用作不可数名词,当作可数名词时,词义略不同于用作不可数名词时。religious beliefs 宗教信仰Several members hold very strong political beliefs.有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。8.It is now a childrens festival,when they can dress up and go to their neighbors homes to ask for sweets.万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目,这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。dress作及物动词时,不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词,而是接表示人的名词或代
42、词,意思是“给穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时,则用反身代词。如:Wake up children and dress them.唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语,前者表示动态,后者表示静态,穿何种衣服,则用介词in.如:Hurry up and get dressed.快点穿上衣服。The girl was dressed in red.这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。dress up“穿上最好的衣服”,常指“打扮,化装”You should dress up when you take part in the party.dres
43、s n.1)C 连衣裙,(上下连身的)女装She makes all the dresses for her daughter.她女儿的连衣裙都是她做的。2)U clothes,esp.outer garments,for either men or women 衣服(男女均可)casual dress 便服9.play a trick on 捉弄The naughty boy loves playing tricks onothers.trick 玩笑、恶作剧、诡计do/perform a trick 玩把戏10.gain v.1)获得,得到她在这个国家住了十年后才取得公民身份Only af
44、ter ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.不劳则无获.No pains,no gains.2)(钟,表)走快这只表每天快5分钟.This clock gains five minutes every day.3)(经努力)到达;达到我们终于到达了山顶In the end we gained the top of the mountain.11.gather 搜集,集合,聚集 可作及物动词,不及物动词,名词。如:经理召集了全体选手.The manager gathered all the players.gather,co
45、llect 的用法区别二者都含有“收集;聚集”的意思。1)gather是常用词,指收集,聚集,集合在一起。The clouds are gathering.云在聚集。2)collect 指有计划,有选择地收集。He collects stamps.12.awardn.奖,奖品v.判给,授予award sb.sth.奖赏某人某物辨析:award 和rewardaward后接双宾语award sb.a metal 授予某人奖章reward 奖赏,给报酬,不能接双宾语;reward sb.for sth.因 奖赏某人；reward sb.with sth.用某物酬劳某人She rewarded he
46、rself with a cup of coffee after a whole mornings hard work.一上午的刻苦学习后,她冲一杯咖啡来奖赏自己。13.admire v.意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb.for sth.”We all admire him for his courage and bravery.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。13.look forward to(doing)sth.意为期待着(做)某事,其中的to是介词,而不是动词不定式符号。Children are looking forward to Spri
47、ng Festival.Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal.他期待着笔友来信。14.look forward to 盼望；期待这个短语里的to是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。We look forward to the return of spring.I look forward to staying alone in the house.这类动词短语还有：pay attention to,lead to,stick to,devote to,be/get/become used to,prefer to,get down
48、to 15.day and night 意为“日夜;昼夜;整天”，在句中常用作时间状语,也可表达为night and day.He worked day and night in order to pay off the debt.为了还清债务,他日日夜夜地工作。Her mother is ill.She has to take care of her day and night in the hospital.他妈妈病了,她必须整天在医院里照顾她。16.clothing 衣服an article of clothing 一件衣服a wolf in sheeps clothing 披着羊皮的狼
49、辨析:cloth,clothes,clothing1)cloth 指做衣服等用的材料,如布料,毛料,丝绸等,不可数。“一块布料”是 a piece of cloth.注意:cloth 指具体用途的布时,可与冠词连用。a table cloth 一块桌布a dish cloth 一块擦碗布2)clothes 指具体的衣服,包括上衣,裤子等,不能与不定冠词或数词连用,但可与物主代词,指示代词,少数不定代词连用。作主语时,谓语用复数形式。He wears fine clothes.他穿着很讲究。3)clothing 是衣服,服装的总称,是集合名词。作主语时候,谓语东用单数形式。如果要表示“一件衣服”
50、时,可以说an article of clothing 或a piece of clothing,但不能用 a suit of clothing那家商店卖童装。The shop sells childrens clothing.17.as thoughas though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些,却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句,其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。1)引导方式状语从句She acted as though nothing had happened她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词to be时,可以把主语和to be一起省去。H
51、e looked about as though(he was)in search of something.他四处张望,好像寻找什么。2)引导表语从句It looks as if its going to rain看样子天要下雨了。as though和as if从句用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气,完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设,通常用虚拟语气。The child talks as if she were an adult.那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。18.have fun(with sb)(与某人)玩得开心e.g.We had fun with e
52、ach other on that day.fun为不可数名词,没有复数,也不能加a.make fun of 取笑adj.funny 有趣的19.customn.风俗、习俗So many countries,so many customs.Social customs are different from country to country.It is the custom(for sb)to do sth做是一种习俗/惯例It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall.I
53、t is the custom for an Arab to stand close to his friend when talking.customhabit“风俗习惯”社会或团体许多人长期形成的习惯 一个人的习惯习性 Fill in the blanks according to the tips.1.The party was in c_ of our parents silver wedding.2.In the countryside,winter is a season when the a_ work is over.3.I visited Hangzhou last summ
54、er and I will never forget the b_ of West Lake.4.Christmas is a r_ festival in the Western countries.elebrationgriculturaleauty eligious 5.The _ of the national football team excited everyone.(arrive)6.When a student leaves college,he should learn to be _ of his parents help.(independence)7.She spea
55、ks English so well that her friends are filled with _.(admire)8.Not having felt tired at all after such a long walk,he seems an _ person.(energy)arrivalindependentadmirationenergetic HomeworkGo over the text after class and try to write a summary of the text(about 100 words)and retell the text according to the summary.