1、UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES单元素养评估卷(二)时间:100分钟分数:120分第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASome students prefer a part-time job after class to earn some money and improve themselves. Here are some good companies:1. In-N-Out BurgerIt is the best hamburger shop in th
2、e west of America. Regarded as one of the best employers, it offers flexible working hours and the highest part-time salaries. Above all, the company treats its employees the way they would like to be treated: like family. However, there is no discount offered to its employees.Position: selling assi
3、stant (experience required)2. Starbucks CoffeeStarbucks has been at the forefront(前沿) of the United States coffee revolution. Working hours are flexible. Fit twenty hours of work into your week. There is also a 30% discount and a free pound of coffee or box of tea every week.Position: assistant coff
4、ee taster (experience required)3. Whole Foods MarketWhole Foods Market is the worlds largest natural and organic food selling company. With its focus on organic ingredients, Whole Foods Market is all about health. Working hours are free. Benefits include paid time off and a 20% discount so you can e
5、at like a king or at least like a top chef in training. There are also training courses on health and food every week.Position: secretary4. Lands EndLands End is a Wisconsin-based clothes store that focuses on casual comfort and warmth for the great out-doors. Employees(even part-time employees) hav
6、e the chance to go to a company-owned entertainment centre and get a 25% discount on theme parks and movies, and an invitation to the yearly company picnic. Besides, for part-time employees, they can come to work anytime they like as long as they work for 4 hours a day.Position: salesperson1. Which
7、company offers its employees the best discount?A. In-N-Out Burger.B. Starbucks Coffee.C. Lands End.D. Whole Foods Market.解析:细节理解题。根据文章中Starbucks Coffee部分的“There is also a 30% discount and a free pound of coffee or box of tea every week.”可知,星巴克的折扣最优惠,故B选项正确。答案:B2. What is the purpose of the passage?A
8、. To explain what the best part-time job is.B. To persuade students to take part-time jobs.C. To introduce some part-time job opportunities.D. To compare different kinds of part-time jobs.解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了四份兼职工作。故选C。答案:C3. What do the four companies have in common?A. Related experience is requir
9、ed.B. Training courses are offered.C. Working hours are flexible.D. Employees can get high salaries.解析:细节理解题。根据文章中In-N-Out Burger部分的“. it offers flexible working hours .”,Starbucks Coffee部分的“Working hours are flexible.”,Whole Foods Market部分的“Working hours are free.”,以及Lands End部分的“. they can come to
10、 work anytime .”可知这四家公司都提供灵活的工作时间,故C项正确。答案:CBIt isnt easy being a princess. A princess addresses large crowds and uses perfect manners. A princess must always be polite and sweet and sometimes repairs car engines and fixes tires. Princess Elizabeth really did so.Before she was the Queen of England,
11、Princess Elizabeth wanted to join the ATS, a female branch of the British military. It was in World War that women worked at jobs traditionally held by men.Elizabeth was a teenager and first had to convince(使信服) her parents of her plan. Her parents thought it was too dangerous, but she would not tak
12、e no for an answer. “I ought to do as other girls of my age do,” she said firmly. After some months, her parents finally agreed. Princess Elizabeth did not receive any special treatment in the ATS. The only thing that was different was that she returned to Windsor Castle each night to sleep.When she
13、 arrived at the ATS camp for her first day of training, she was greeted by a jacked-up car with its wheels off. In the following weeks, she learned to take apart an engine and then assemble(组装) it. The princess loved the training, admitting, “Im a mechanic at last. Ive scraped the skin off my knuckl
14、es.”Princess Elizabeth worked on cars, trucks, and even tank engines. She also learned to read maps and drive cars, ambulances, and military trucks. To complete her ATS training, she was required to drive a big truck on her own.The King and Queen thought driving a truck was too dangerous, but before
15、 they could let her know how they felt, they discovered Elizabeth driving a truck onto the palace grounds. She had driven from the ATS camp through the busy London streets all by herself.Now at her old age, she still drivessometimes in London but more often around her large property at Balmoral Cast
16、le in Scotland. Being a queen requires a lot of hard work, but it can be fun as well. Queen Elizabeth loves horses and still rides four times each week. She still likes to get a little dirty. She actively manages her estate farm at Balmoral and is often seen hiking through the countryside there.4. W
17、hy was Elizabeth such a special princess?A. Because she did many jobs always done by men.B. Because she joined the army.C. Because she was sent abroad to fight against the enemy.D. Because she liked to repair some broken cars and trucks.解析:细节理解题。从第一、第二段的内容可知,伊丽莎白公主当过兵,参加过ATS,这是她特殊的地方。故选B项。答案:B5. At
18、the ATS camp, Elizabeth .A. spent one of the happiest moments in her lifeB. received strict training in various aspectsC. failed to complete her trainingD. was trained for a long time as an excellent princess解析:细节理解题。从第四段中的“In the following weeks, she learned to take apart an engine and then assembl
19、e it.” “Ive scraped the skin off my knuckles.”和第五段中的“She also learned to read maps . on her own.”可知,在军营里,伊丽莎白不仅在机械方面,而且在其他方面都受到严格的训练。故选B项。答案:B6. What do we know about Elizabeth from the last paragraph?A. She does a lot of hard work on her own farm.B. She finds it difficult to become a qualified quee
20、n.C. She has some difficulty in managing her spare time.D. She leads a meaningful life even if she is at an old age.解析:细节理解题。从最后一段的内容可知,尽管伊丽莎白已经年老,但她仍然开车、骑马、经营农场,她的生活很有意义,也很充实。故选D项。答案:D7. Which of the following words can best describe Elizabeth?A. Energetic, homesick and capable.B. Confident, lovely
21、 and selfish.C. Brave, capable and independent.D. Strong, proud and adventurous.解析:推理判断题。从参军这件事可以看出伊丽莎白勇敢且有主见,从在军队受训时的表现可以看出她很能干。故选C项。答案:CCAlmost every second of every day an older adult falls in the United States. Thats approximately 29 million falls per year and nearly 27,000 deaths, according to
22、the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.The Active Pelvis Orthosis (APO) system in Switzerland wants to make a lightweight, wearable exoskeleton(外骨骼) that can detect signs of balance loss and assist with balance recovery to keep the elderly wearer from falling, only when needed.Other exoskele
23、tons, either in development or on the market today, assist with movement and make heavy objects feel lighter. Mobility-impaired people can walk again. But none of these devices predict what the wearer is going to do next and take measures to correct an unsteady move.The 3-kilogramme exoskeleton was
24、built entirely from scratch by the research team and is designed to be worn on the lower half of the body. A waistband connects to two movable carbon fiber braces(支架), each one positioned on the outer side of a leg. Tiny motors and so-called “adaptive oscillators”(适配振荡器) in the computer circuits use
25、 a special process to detect the wearers unique paces. That part takes just a few minutes.While wearing the exoskeleton, a person may feel the braces and the motors pushing slightly on their legs. If their paces go against normal, the motors create a force in the braces that cause them to stiffen up
26、 and push a little more strongly against the legs, which provides stability.In the next three years, the APO hopes to develop something that is commercially available.8. Why is the new exoskeleton invented?A. To slower users walking paces.B. To improve users walking ability.C. To promote users sense
27、 of balance.D. To prevent users from falling.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“. to make a lightweight, wearable exoskeleton that can detect signs of balance loss and assist with balance recovery to keep the elderly wearer from falling, only when needed.”可知,APO系统想制作一个轻量级、可穿戴的外骨骼来防止老年佩戴者摔倒,故D项符合题意。答案:D9. Whats the fea
28、ture of the new exoskeleton?A. It keeps users warm. B. It is worn on the back.C. It helps users move around.D. It corrects an unsteady move.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的“But none of these devices predict what the wearer is going to do next and take measures to correct an unsteady move.”可知,目前的一些设备都无法预测佩戴者下一步会做什么,也
29、无法采取措施纠正不稳定的移动,故D项符合题意。答案:D10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. How the new exoskeleton works.B. Where the braces are positioned.C. How long it takes to detect the users paces.D. How the new exoskeleton was built.解析:段落大意题。通读第四段可知,本段主要讲述的是这种新设备是如何工作的,故A项正确。答案:A11. What is the purpose of the
30、 author in writing this passage?A. To call on care for the elderly.B. To introduce a new invention.C. To advertise a new device.D. To bring the elderly hope.解析:主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了一款新设备,它能够预测佩戴者下一步会做什么,同时采取措施纠正不稳定的移动来防止老年佩戴者摔倒。故B选项正确。答案:BD We live in a world where we want everything instantly. In this inst
31、ant world it is hard to succeed in anything. To achieve your goal you first have to change your life from instantly to persistently(坚持地).Persistence is the course you need to set. When you change your expectancy from instantly to persistently you will gain an advantage of time that many do not have.
32、 Time works against those who live instantly. Opportunities are never seen because when something doesnt happen instantly people move on to the next thing on their list and consider the current goal a failure.Persistent people have the advantage of time. It allows them to step back, observe and asse
33、ss the progress of the goal they are pursuing(追求). Some things take longer to develop; some just need to be left there for a while to find their own way.When you live instantly you gain and lose instantly. Many times you do not know how you got there or how to get back because it is not repeatable.W
34、hen you live persistently you learn how things work, how to correct a plan and how to guide it to make it successful. You do not panic because you know you have more than enough time.Slow down and take time to enjoy the journey. If what you are doing is not fun then stop doing it and do something el
35、se.Everything you do should be in pursuit of a better tomorrow than you had yesterday. You should take time to develop your abilities to reach your goals. Do not get discouraged just because your success is not instant.Celebrate each step along the way. People who live instantly dont take time to ap
36、preciate what they have accomplished. They are just looking for the next thing that they can get instantly.You must be grateful for the time it takes to reach your goal. Persistence will get you there if you really want to get there.12. Why will people who want things instantly fail in many things?A
37、. They want greater efficiency.B. They dont stick to their goal.C. They often change their lifestyle.D. They tend to pursue a higher target.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“Opportunities are never seen because when something doesnt happen instantly people move on to the next thing”可以推断出那些想马上就成功的人太急于求成,对自己的目标不坚持
38、,自然难以成功。故选B。答案:B13. What is the main advantage persistent people have over instant people?A. The willpower.B. A target.C. A plan.D. An opportunity.解析:推理判断题。第二段讲到那些想要马上成功的人看到事情没有马上发生就立刻转到另外一件事情上去了,他们缺少对目标的坚持,而那些坚持不懈的人的主要优点在于他们的坚持和毅力。故选A。答案:A14. According to the passage, persistent people .A. focus mo
39、re on the resultB. work slower than instant peopleC. will get rewarded for their effortsD. look for the next thing to do immediately when finishing one target解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Persistence will get you there if you really want to get there.”可知,坚持不懈的人会成功,他们所付出的时间和努力最终会得到回报。故选C。答案:C15. What is the writ
40、ers main purpose of writing the passage?A. To blame those who live instantly.B. To persuade people to live happily.C. To praise those who have succeeded.D. To suggest learning the art of persistence.解析:主旨大意题。文章主要论述了想马上就成功的人的失败而坚持不懈的人的成功,从中可以看出作者是建议我们要学会坚持这门艺术。故选D。答案:D第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 根据下面短文
41、内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。While it is important to maintain good habits, it is equally important to learn how to break bad habits if you want to achieve success in life. Here are some tips to get you to start.The first step in breaking bad habits is to identify them. Only after identifyi
42、ng them can you decide to do something about them. 16 For example, you may ask yourself, “Is the habit holding me back from achieving my goal? Does the habit make me feel good or bad?”17 Then you may listen to the things that people say about you. Are people saying the same negative things about you
43、? Its easy to become defensive when someone says something about us we dont like, and lets face it. 18 Once you have identified your bad habits, its time to break them. First, you should introduce something new and meaningful in your life to replace the bad habits. 19 If you hung around at the bars
44、after work, replace it by going to the gym instead. Or if you sat and watched TV for hours, you may work on a task that needs to be done.20 Write down the efforts you make to change them, and also the results of your actions. And write down how you feel when you successfully change one of your bad h
45、abits. If you can read and reflect on how you feel about the progress youve made, it may motivate you to continue to work on changing other things.A. Sometimes you may need advice on breaking bad habits from other people.B. First, you may ask yourself how you feel about a habit.C. You may come up wi
46、th a plan to break your bad habits.D. Meanwhile, keep a diary of the bad habits you desire to change.E. Sometimes the truth hurts.F. Otherwise there is an empty space in your life where the bad habits could go back.G. There are times when it can be difficult to identify your bad habits.答案:16.B17.G18
47、.E19.F20.D第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 People often lose their driving licence because of driving after drinking. I have always 21 myself that I will never drive if I have drunk alcohol previously, no matter what the 22 is.Still, half a year ago I
48、 made this 23 of driving after having drunk two beers at my friends. Then I drove home, since it wasnt very24. I thought that there would be no 25, because it was very late at night. However, to my surprise, I was 26 and left without my driving licence for three months. I told my parents nothing at
49、the beginning, but then I had to invent a lie, because I did not have the27 to tell them that I had drunk alcohol and that it was the real reason for which I was left without my driving licence.Those three months seemed to pass very slowly for me, because I had got into the 28 of driving almost dail
50、y and I really needed my car quite often. I had to take a 29 and I didnt like it as I spent lots of money. It was, indeed, a(n) 30 for me not to have my driving licence and I told myself never to repeat this mistake.Besides this, being drunk while driving 31 a real danger not only for the driver, bu
51、t also for passers-by. Car accidents caused by alcoholism are very 32 nowadays. Teenagers especially use alcohol33 going out with friends and then return home driving their cars.They are very irresponsible as they put their lives and health in 34and, therefore, I advise people to 35 drinking alcohol
52、 before driving.21. A. promisedB. taughtC. settledD. prepared解析:promise承诺;teach教;settle定居;prepare准备。根据下文中的“I will never drive”可知,前后对应,前文应表示“我保证”。故选A。答案:A22. A. colourB. tasteC. quantityD. brand解析:colour颜色;taste味道;quantity数量;brand商标。此处应表示不管喝多少都坚持酒后不驾车。故选C。答案:C23. A. decisionB. mistakeC. conclusionD.
53、prediction解析:decision决定;mistake错误;conclusion结论;prediction预测。根据下文可知,作者是犯了酒后驾车的“错误”,且第三段末出现了“never to repeat this mistake”,文章应前后呼应。故选B。答案:B24. A. farB. longC. highD. farther解析:far远的;long长的;high高的;farther更远的。根据前文,作者喝了酒,有侥幸心理,所以表示家不远。故选A。答案:A25. A. postmanB. spacemanC. cavemanD. policeman解析:postman邮差;sp
54、aceman宇航员;caveman穴居人;policeman警察。通过生活常识可知,查酒后驾车的应为警察,故选D。答案:D26. A. movedB. stoppedC. followedD. forgotten解析:move移动;stop阻止,停止;follow跟随;forget忘记。根据前文“to my surprise”可判断是被要求停车。故选B。答案:B27. A. timeB. patienceC. strengthD. courage解析:time时间;patience耐心;strength力量;courage勇气。根据语境以及前文的lie可知,作者没有勇气说实话。故选D。答案:D
55、28. A. wayB. habitC. raceD. trouble解析:way方式;habit习惯;race种族;trouble麻烦。get into the habit of 表示“养成了的习惯”。故选B。答案:B29. A. busB. bikeC. taxiD. boat解析:bus公交车;bike自行车;taxi出租车;boat船。根据前文作者的驾驶证被扣及空后的花费很多钱可知,作者只能乘坐出租车。故选C。答案:C30. A. questionB. opportunityC. competitionD. punishment解析:question问题;opportunity机会;c
56、ompetition竞争;punishment惩罚。结合前文可知,没有驾驶证对作者来说是惩罚。故选D。答案:D31. A. escapesB. reducesC. representsD. changes解析:escape逃走;reduce减少;represent代表;change改变。此处应表示醉酒驾车代表着一种真正的危险。故选C。答案:C32. A. strangeB. completeC. necessaryD. frequent解析:strange陌生的;complete完全的;necessary必要的;frequent频繁的。与该句的主语“Car accidents caused b
57、y alcoholism”对应,应表示很频繁的。故选D。答案:D33. A. beforeB. thoughC. whileD. whether解析:before在之前;though 尽管;while当时候;whether是否。句意:青少年尤其喜欢在和朋友外出时喝酒,然后开车回家。表示“当时候”,故选C。答案:C34. A. dangerB. doubtC. advanceD. difficulty解析:danger危险;doubt怀疑;advance进步;difficulty困难。句意:他们非常不负责任,因为他们把自己的生命和健康置于危险之中。故选A。答案:A35. A. enjoyB. a
58、voidC. keepD. consider解析:enjoy喜欢;avoid避免;keep保持;consider考虑。根据前文作者痛苦的经历和“drinking alcohol before driving”可知,应是避免酒后驾车。故选B。答案:B第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。National and international evidence indicates that persons with disabilities living in poor households have 36. _(low) e
59、mployment rates and limited access 37. _social services. Many related supports in the traditional welfare approach concentrate on providing basic support without considering the specific barriers faced by persons with disabilities. 38. is a terrible need for social protection measures to establish a
60、dvanced 39. _(approach) that promote active citizenship.Increasingly, in the low-income countries like Nepal, social protection instruments are gaining 40. _(popular) to prevent poverty and reduce social discrimination among individuals or groups that 41. (be) in need of protection. However, the exi
61、sting social protection measures in Nepal are far from adequate 42. _(benefit) the disabled.So 43. do human rights documents say about the rights of persons with disabilities?The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) has clearly stated that persons with disabilities have the right to accept s
62、ocial protection. 44. (similar), Article 28 of the 2006 UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) has recognised the right to an adequate standard of living and social protection, 45. _(ensure) the enjoyment of both rights without discrimination on the basis of ability.答案: 36.
63、lower37. to38. There39. approaches 40. popularity41. are42. to benefit43. what 44. Similarly45. ensuring第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)古人云:百善孝为先,天之经也,地之义也,人之行也,德之本也。孝是中国人的传统美德。请根据以下提示,谈谈你对“孝”的理解。提示:(1)你认为“孝”是什么?(2)以你自己或身边人的事例说明。注意:(1)文章开头已给出,不计入总词数;(2)文中不得透露个人和学校信息;(3)词数100左右。参考词汇:孝顺 filial pietyIt is u
64、niversally accepted that filial piety is an important virtue in China. _答案:It is universally accepted that filial piety is an important virtue in China. It means respecting and caring for parents and the elderly.Take my parents for example. After my grandma died last year, my parents spent much time
65、 chatting with my grandpa, accompanying him on walks and cooking him delicious food. At first, my grandpa seemed to be happy about it, but as time went by, he became uneasy, because he was not used to leading so comfortable a life. Therefore, my parents encouraged him to take part in some activities
66、 in our community. They also encouraged him to go to a drawing class in a school for the old, which gave my grandpa a great sense of achievement. He became happy again.My parents set a good example to me. In my opinion, the real filial piety is giving the old what they really need.第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根
67、据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldnt get the car moving. Arthur turned and looked in
68、side at the face of a young man who looked worried. “It seems that youve got a problem,” Arthur said.“Im afraid so. Im in a big hurry and I cant start my car.”“Is there anything I can do to help?” Arthur asked. The young man looked at the two suitcases in the back seat and then said, “Thanks. If you
69、re sure it wouldnt be too much trouble, you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi.”“No trouble at all. Id be glad to help.”The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the firs
70、t suitcase and started walking, he heard the loud noise of an alarm.It was from the bank. There had been a robbery! Park Avenue had been quiet a moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars stopped and the passengers joi
71、ned the crowd in front of the bank. People asked each other, “What happened?” But everyone had a different answer.Arthur, still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him.She looked at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised. “W
72、hy is she looking at me like that?” he thought. “The suitcase! She thinks Im the bank thief!”Arthur looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another thought, he started to run.注意:(1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右;(2)续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:As he was running, Arthur heard the
73、 young man shouting behind, “Stop! Stop!”_Paragraph 2:The taxi stopped in front of the police station and Arthur_答案:Paragraph 1:As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop! Stop!” Arthur immediately realised that the young man was the bank robber. So Arthur didnt stop, but c
74、ontinued to run until he saw a taxi in front of him. He quickly put the suitcase in the car and said to the driver, “Please hurry to the police station. I have a case to report to the police. The man shouting behind is the bank thief!” The taxi raced away to the police station like an arrow.Paragraph 2:The taxi stopped in front of the police station and Arthur said to the police who had been waiting and had already received the robbery report, “This suitcase is from the bank robber. It may be filled with the money stolen from the bank. I hand it to you. Please get ready to arrest the man.”
