1、Unit 7 单元主题语篇训练 （课时作业一）AAs far back as the age of dinosaurs millions of years ago, turtles (海龟) wandered around the Earth.Even nowadays it is generally assumed that turtles are the worlds steadiest creature.However, a new research shows 61 percent of the 356 species of turtles are already threatened
2、 or no longer exist.The destruction of their homes, disease, climate change and other reasons have caused their population to drop sharply.In a new study published in the journal BioScience, a team of scientists from various institutions claim that turtles are one of the most threatened among the ma
3、jor vertebrate (脊椎动物) groups.This could, the authors say, have serious consequences for the ecology.Turtles contribute to the health of many environments, including desert, wetland, freshwater and marine ecosystems, and the decline may lead to bad effects on other species, including humans, they exp
4、lain.Whit Gibbons, senior author and professor at the University of Georgias Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, says in a statement that the intention of the study is to inform people about the vital ecological roles of turtles.One of the important qualities of turtles is how diverse they are when i
5、t comes to food.This allows them to have a major impact on food webs of their homes all over the world.In some areas, the density (密度) of the turtle population makes them an important part of the ecosystem.With their gathering, other species that feed on them and their eggs are sure to have a large
6、pool of food.For plants, turtles are also extremely important as they distribute the seeds of many plant species.When they eat, some seeds are not destroyed by the digestive process and instead make their way out of the animals body.Some turtles are the main dispersal (传播) agents of certain plants a
7、nd their seeds.These are only a few yet very vital roles that turtles play in the ecological landscape.Unfortunately, many species are in serious decline and in danger of disappearing completely.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了海龟的数量急剧下降，这对生态系统产生了不利影响。1What does the new study aim to do?ATo save the grand vertebra
8、te groups on earth.BTo warn people of turtles terrible situation.CTo make the importance of turtles roles known.DTo claim turtles may be related to dinosaurs.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段的“the intention of the study is to inform people about the vital ecological roles of turtles”可知，这个研究的目的是让人们了解海龟在生态系统中的重要作用。故选C
9、。2How might the disappearance of turtles influence certain plants?ASpeed up these plants disappearing.BPut an end to these plants seed spreading.CAllow more seeds to grow into plants.DGive these plants no chance of survival.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第五段中的“they distribute the seeds of many plant species”可知，海龟是很多植
10、物种类的传播媒介。由此可推知，海龟的消失也可能加速这些植物的灭绝。故选A。3What can be a suitable title for the text?ATurtles Are Sure to Stop ExistingBThe Ecology Will Change with TurtlesCDecline of Turtles Threatens the WorldDTurtles Dying Out Worldwide Matters a Lot解析：选D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了目前海龟数量大范围减少的状况以及海龟的存在对生态系统的重要作用，故选D。BIts thou
11、ght that around 5 trillion pieces of plastic are currently floating in our oceans.Both mammals and fish benefit from clean oceans.It is reported that more than 8 million tons of plastic end up in our oceans every year, and nearly half of the plastic we produce is singleuse only.This shoe brand, howe
12、ver, is riding the wave of change and is on a mission to help clean up our waters and rid the sea of plastic bottles that can take up to 400 years to break down.Vivobarefoots newest footwear uses recycled plastic materials and has created an education program that spreads awareness about how harmful
13、 plastic is for sea life.Every pair of shoes is made up of 17 plastic water bottles taken from the ocean and turned into a sustainable, comfortable pair of shoes, which are also healthy for your feet.And while not everyone can take part in ocean cleanups, choosing little ways we can give back to our
14、 planet goes a long way.Vivobarefoots new products include a variety of highperformance styles such as casual sneakers, running shoes, and hiking boots.The brand hopes that its latest initiative (首创精神) will help lessen the indifference to pollution and how harmful it is for all living beings.In the
15、future, Vivobarefoot hopes to increase their production of shoes created from sustainable materials, and thankfully, they are now one of many brands that aim to increase environmentalism and educate communities on how global warming affects everyone.This year, theyll add more recyclable and traceabl
16、e materials into more than half of their production line, and they have plenty of creative developments in the works as well.The shoes also have a health benefit.Based on the concept that wider, minimally designed shoes enable our foot to function at maximum potential, wearers also experience better
17、 balance and sensory input.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Vivobarefoot公司推出了使用可回收的塑料材料制作的最新鞋款，并创建了一个教育计划，让人们了解塑料对海洋生物的危害。4How does the author make his point convincing?ABy listing figures.BBy telling a story.CBy giving examples. DBy making comparisons.解析：选A写作手法题。文章中作者使用了“around 5 trillion pieces of plastic”；“mor
18、e than 8 million tons of plastic”； “up to 400 years to break down”等数据，由此可知，作者通过列举一系列的数据来使自己的观点更有说服力。故选A。5What is Vivobarefoot doing to help with the marine creatures?ADonating money to buy food for them.BKeeping the oceans free from plastic bottles.CProducing more shoes from sustainable materials.DR
19、aising public awareness of recycling and reuse.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可推知，Vivobarefoot通过清理海洋里的塑料瓶来帮助海洋生物。故选B。6What is probably Vivobarefoots operation philosophy?ACustomerfocused.BServiceoriented.CMoneysaving.DEnvironmentallyfriendly.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“aim to increase environmentalism”可知，Vivobarefoot的
20、经营理念以环保为主。故选D。7Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AVivobarefoots new products havent been released.BVivobarefoot is the most popular shoe brand in the world.CVivobarefoot cares about not only its business but also public services.DVivobarefoot is the first company to find the new f
21、unction of waste materials.解析：选C细节理解题。根据常理可知，Vivobarefoot推出新款鞋子肯定是为了增加利润；再根据第三段第二句可知，Vivobarefoot同时还关心公共服务。故选C。CDaniel Lamplugh remembers going shopping with his dad on Black Friday.“Waking up at 6 am.the day after Thanksgiving is what I grew up doing，” says the University of New Orleans film studen
22、t.A lot has changed since those childhood days.Online retailers (零售商) have forced many chains out of business.Consumers are increasingly shopping with their smartphones.But a funny thing happened on the way to the future：Most shoppers are not going alldigital.Surveys show theyre eager for good exper
23、iences at retail stores.This November and December, for the first time ever, retailer websites will get more traffic from mobile users than computer users, predicts Adobe Digital Insights.“We live our lives with a combination of the physical and the digital，” says Kit Yarrow, author of the book “Dec
24、oding the New Consumer Mind.”“Retailers have to understand its not a question of eitheror.Its a question of combining the two.”Heather Howe, an MBA student, said，“Consumers like shopping on their phones and online because its more convenient and because there are more options.I went to the Vans stor
25、e to try on shoes and then I actually purchased them online while I was in the store.”While mobile sales are growing, the widest use of smartphones in stores is researching products or looking up product information (58 percent), closely followed by checking or comparing prices (54 percent), accordi
26、ng to a survey.“My phone plays a huge role in online shopping, because I am on the email list for all of my favorite brands, so I get many emails daily informing me of sales，” says Rachel Lynch, who works at a Boston publicrelations agency.“Also, a store has an app that allows me to chat with other
27、users about the products, and read reviews.Online reviews are one of the first things I look at when I am about to buy a new product.”“Electronics and kitchen equipment are definitely online purchases for me, since theyre heavy to get home on the subway and often cheaper online，” says Michael Miller
28、Ernest, a manager in Brooklyn, NY.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章从消费者的购物习惯讨论商家应该如何应对消费习惯的不断变化。8What do most shoppers tend to do now?ADo shopping alldigitally.BUse computers to do online shopping.CDo window shopping in shopping malls.DGo to physical stores with their smartphones.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Consumers are inc
29、reasingly shopping with their smartphones.”和“theyre eager for good experiences at retail stores”及第五段中的“the widest use of smartphones in stores”可知，现今，消费者大都选择在实体店看实物，然后用手机在网上下单。9Whats Kit Yarrows suggestion for retailers?AReaching both online and offline consumers.BFocusing on either the physical or t
30、he digital.CEncouraging consumers to use smartphones.DProviding more convenience for computer users.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We live our lives with a combination of the physical and the digital . Its a question of combining the two.”可知，Kit Yarrow建议零售商要接触线上和线下两个领域的消费者。10What does Heather Howe think of onli
31、ne stores?AThey offer wider choices.BThey sell high quality goods.CThey will replace physical stores.DThey are burning shoppers patience.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Consumers like shopping on their phones and online . because there are more options”可知，Heather Howe认为网络商店提供更多的选择。11What can be inferred about Ra
32、chel Lynchs habits?AShe buys heavy goods online.BShe often writes users reviews.CShe is fond of sending producers emails.DShe tries to learn about other users experience.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Online reviews are one of the first things I look at when I am about to buy a new product.”可知，Rachel Lynch会关注
33、其他用户的体验。tips 三层级解细节推理判断题细节推理判断题，即要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的情况，旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者言外之意的能力。细节推理判断题题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude, intend等标志性词语。此类题型可采用“信息定位同义替换综合分析”法来解答：1跳读，找到相关信息点(即能够进行推理的依据)；2细读，理解相关信息点的字面意义；3分析推理，在理解字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，理解作者的言外之意。切勿拿文章中非关键的细节内容作为推理的结论；结合选项，找到与文章信息点所表达意思相近的选项。例如上文第11题属于细节推理判断题，由倒数第二段中的“Online reviews are one of the first things I look at when I am about to buy a new product.”可推知答案，切忌单纯根据字面意思而误选。如B选项中的reviews一词与信息句中的online reviews一致，因此很容易选错。