1、选修|Unit 17Laughter(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1anecdote n 轶事，趣闻2ridiculous adj. 荒谬的，可笑的3psychology n. 心理学4comedy n. 喜剧5comedian n. 喜剧演员6seal vt. 封，密封7compensate vt. 补偿，赔偿8crosstalk n. 相声9component n. 成分，组成部分10agency n. 代理处，经销处11agent n. 代理人，经销商12authority n. 权威；权力13mature adj. 成熟的14counter n. 柜台15tension n
2、. _紧张，焦虑第二组：写其形1clarify vt. 澄清，讲清楚 2withdraw vt. 提取；撤退3forbid vt. 禁止，不准4border n. 国界，边境5overlook vt. 忽略，忽视6swiftly adv. 迅速地7delay n. 延误，延期8acknowledge vt. 认可，承认9figure n. 人物10scold vt. 骂，责骂11obtain vt. 获得，得到12tough adj. 艰难的；不幸的；强壮的，强健的13rarely adv. 很少，难得14queue vi. 排队15purely adv. 完全地，仅仅16desperate
3、adj. 不顾一切的17depth n. 深(度)，纵深18resist vt. 抵抗，抵制(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1amuse vt.逗乐，使(某人)笑amusement n娱乐，消遣；快乐的事amused adj.娱乐的，觉得好笑的amusing adj.逗人笑的，好笑的2convince vt.使相信convincing adj.令人信服的convinced adj.相信的，信任的3harmony n协调，和谐harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的4scare vt.使恐惧scared adj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的scary adj.可怕的，(某人)吓得发抖的5professio
4、n n职业，专业professional adj.职业的6universal adj.通用的，普遍的；全世界的universe n宇宙7astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇astonishing adj.令人惊讶的astonished adj.惊讶的astonishment n惊奇8caution n谨慎，小心cautious adj.谨慎的，小心的cautiously adv.谨慎小心地9response n回应，应答respond v回答，答复10messy adj.凌乱的，肮脏的mess n混乱(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1burst_out_laughing突然笑起来2cash_a_
5、cheque 兑现支票3wait_in_line 排队4get_rid_of 处理掉，摆脱5fool_around 胡闹，瞎弄；虚度光阴，闲荡6._result_in 导致，造成7from_time_to_time 不时地8run_into 撞上；陷入9put_on 假装；穿上；上映10turn_sb.off_ 令人讨厌11regardless_of 不管，不顾12pull_faces_ 做鬼脸13thanks_to 幸亏；由于14do_sb.good 对某人有益15play_around 四处游戏(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1so .that .引导结果状语从句悟原句He becomes s
6、o desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him .背佳句(2020江苏高考满分作文)For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.2.while引导的状语从句的省略悟原句While stil
7、l at primary school, Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.背佳句(2018全国卷满分作文)Whats more, when you are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.3.“of名词”结构悟原句Immediately, I felt at least forty more of the same kind following the first.背佳句(2018浙江高考满分作文)Acting as a v
8、olunteer of English Association will not only enrich my life, but also be of great benefit to me in the long run.1.“金融”词汇荟萃withdraw vt.提取budget n. 预算(案)capital n. 资金；资本cheque n. 支票interest n. 利息2.由“figure”想到的a historical figurea heroic figure a typical character a big shot/a somebodya small potato/a
9、 nobody3.“偶然遇见”短语荟萃run intocome acrossmeet up withmeet by chancehappen to meet 4.“do sb.n.”短语小聚do sb. gooddo good to sb.对某人有益/好处do sb. harmdo harm to sb. 对某人有害do sb. wrongdo wrong to sb. 冤枉某人.单词拼写1This research is based on anecdote (趣闻) not fact.2He graduated from York with a degree in Psychology (心
10、理学)3This new comedy (喜剧) deserves a warm welcome.4She yawned (打哈欠), and stretched lazily.5The audience was amused by the crosstalk (相声)6Trust is a vital component (因素) in any relationship.7The agency (机构) is voluntary and not run for profit.8She now has authority (权威) over the people who used to be
11、her bosses.9Tod could not bear the touch of clothing on his sunburnt (晒黑的) skin.10Nowadays many people do ridiculous (荒谬的) things to realize their dream of “perfection”.用所给词的适当形式填空1My grandfathers getting so forgetful (forget) sometimes, he cant even remember his own name.2We should take measures to
12、 forbid returning (return) illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.3She just cant resist_telling_ (tell) other people what to do.4The cautious boy looked around cautiously and then walked across the road with caution.(caution)5If everyone can live in harmony with others, our society will become more ha
13、rmonious.(harmony)6His convincing words finally convinced me, and I was convinced that he was innocent.(convince)7She becomes more and more desperate in the days of desperation,_but she still saves the situation desperately.(desperate)8As the work tends to be a bit messy (mess) youll need to wear ol
14、d clothes.介、副词填空1In order to keep healthy, you should get rid of the bad habit of smoking.2He didnt expect to run into so many of his friends in this party.3He serves the people heart and soul, regardless of his personal gain or loss.4Thanks to your help, we finished the work ahead of time.5We would
15、 appreciate it if you could give us some encouragement_from time to time. 6The band are hoping to put on a show before the end of the year.选词填空1result in/result fromNot working hard enough resulted_in his failure. That is to say, his failure resulted_from not working hard enough.2persuade/convince/a
16、dviseThough I had advised her for many times, I couldnt persuade her to go abroad with me because her life experience had convinced/persuaded her that she could not live on without her parents.写出加黑部分在语境中的含义1We wish to acknowledge the support of the university._感谢2Many people in the disaster area ask
17、ed for help in the desperate situation.绝望的He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.非常需要的Later he turned his attention to the desperate state of housing in the province.极其严峻的3As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.人物
18、It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country havent got a job.数字I figure that he was drunk and shouldnt be allowed to drive.认为.完成句子1To_our_astonishment,_the boy wasnt_scared_of_being_punished/to_be_punished at all. (astonishment, be scared of/to do)让我们吃惊的是，这个小男孩根本
19、就不害怕惩罚。2The joke told by Tom was so_amusing_that every one of us couldnt_resist_laughing.(so . that, resist)汤姆讲的这个故事是如此好笑以至于我们每个人都禁不住笑了起来。3It_is_universally_acknowledged_that_learning English well will_be_of_great_benefit_to us all. (acknowledge, be of名词)普遍认为，学好英语对我们大家都有益处。4Only_when_we_live_in_harm
20、ony_with nature can we live a happy life on the planet. (in harmony with)只有当我们与大自然和谐相处时，我们才能在地球上过上幸福的生活。5With_the_boy_leading_the_way,_we had_no_trouble_in_finding his house.(with的复合结构，have no trouble in doing sth.)有这个小男孩带路，我们毫不费劲地找到了他家。1amuse vt.逗乐；使(某人)笑(1)amuse sb./oneself by/with sth.通过来取乐某人/自己(
21、2)amusement n. 消遣，娱乐to ones (great) amusement令人感到(极)好笑的是for amusement 取乐，消遣(3)amused adj. 感到快乐的be amused at/by 被逗乐be amused to do sth. 做某事而感到好笑(4)amusing adj. 有趣的，逗乐的演绎法练通用amuse的适当形式填空Yesterday we went to the park for amusement.The park provided a lot of amusing performances, which amused the touris
22、ts a lot.The clowns walked off the stage, shaking hands with the audience, giving candies to the children and making the children really amused.单句语法填空He told an amusing (amuse) story as a leadin to the serious part of his speech.The audience was amused at/by the magicians tricks.We were greatly amus
23、ed to_hear (hear) about him sitting on the wet paint.2harmony n协调，和谐，融洽单句语法填空The sky and the sea here made a harmonious (harmony) picture.I believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live together in harmony.完成句子In addition, every student can_be_in_harmony_with_foreign_friends,_which make
24、s it easy for you to get along with them.此外，每位学生都能与外国朋友和谐相处，这会使你很容易与他们打交道。The violin was out_of_harmony_with the rest of the instruments. 小提琴拉得与其他乐器不协调。归纳法记牢(1)in (out of) harmony with .与协调一致(不协调)live in harmony 和睦相处，和谐共处(2)harmonious adj. 协调的；和睦的，友好的 3delay n& v延误，延期单句语法填空/完成句子I have to delay answe
25、ring (answer) his question, waiting for the right moment.The injured were taken to the nearest hospital without_delay.受伤的人被立刻送到了最近的医院。They should have arrived at lunchtime but their_flight_was_delayed.他们本该在午饭的时候到达，但是他们的航班延误了。归纳法记牢delay doing sth. put off doing sth.推迟/延迟做某事without delay 毫不耽搁；立刻 4ackn
26、owledge vt.认可，承认；对(某人所做的事)表示感谢；告知收到单句语法填空With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge stealing (steal) the ladys purse.He was given a gold watch in acknowledgement (acknowledge) of his work for the business.一句多译汤姆被公认为我们班的尖子生之一。Its_universally_acknowledged_that Tom is one of the top students in
27、our class.Tom is_universally_acknowledged_as/to_be one of the top students in our class.归纳法记牢(1)acknowledge sb./sth. to be/as .认为某人/物是；承认某人/物是acknowledge doing sth.承认做某事It is universally/widely acknowledged that . 是大家公认的(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 5resist vt.抵抗，抵制(1)resist doing sth.反对做某事cant resist
28、 doing sth.cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的be resistant to sth. 对某物有抵抗力(3)resistance n. 抗拒；反对演绎法练通单句语法填空Some government officials werent resistant (resist) to the temptation of money, and were punished by law in the end.Its time for me to set out to do my homework, but I just c
29、ant resist playing (play) computer games.There has been a lot of resistance (resist) to this new law.同义句转换She couldnt help making jokes about his bald head.She couldnt_resist_making jokes about his bald head.(resist)She couldnt_be_resistant_to_making jokes about his bald head.(resistant)名师指津resist表示
30、“忍住”时常与表示否定意义的cant/can hardly/be not able to等连用；resist 后接动词ing形式，不接不定式。如句。6forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt.禁止，不准(1)forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事禁止某人做某事(2)forbidden adj. 禁止的；不准的演绎法练通单句语法填空It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.I think the middle scho
31、ol students should be forbidden to_use_ (use) smart phones at school.It is not allowed to approach the forbidden (forbid) area.My father forbade me from meeting (meet) my friends online at the Internet cafe!一句多译我父亲禁止我玩电脑游戏，除非我做完所有的家庭作业。My father forbids_me_to_play_computer_games unless I finish all
32、my homework.My father forbids_me_from_playing_computer_games unless I finish all my homework.My father forbids_my_playing_computer_games unless I finish all my homework.联想发散forbid后用动名词作宾语，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。类似的还有allow, encourage, advise, permit等。7astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇(1)It astonishes sb. that .令某人惊讶的是(2)ast
33、onished adj. 感到惊讶的be astonished at/by . 对感到惊讶be astonished to do . 因做而感到惊讶astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的(3)astonishment n. 惊奇，惊异to ones astonishmentto the astonishment of sb. 让某人感到惊讶的是in astonishment 惊讶地演绎法练通单句语法填空To our great astonishment,_the boss wasnt astonished at the astonishing news at all.(astonish)
34、Everyone is astonished at/by the news that hes learned Latin in three months.Hearing his name called, the sleepy boy stood up in astonishment.He was astonished_to_see (see) how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.完成句子To_my_astonishment,_he finished the job in such a short time.令我吃惊的是，他竟在如此
35、短的时间内完成了工作。It_did_not_astonish_her_at_all_that he had gone.他走了，她对此一点都不吃惊。8desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的；铤而走险的，不顾一切的；非常需要的；极度渴望的(1)be desperate for sth.渴望某物be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事in desperate need (of) 非常需要()(2)desperation n. 拼命；不顾死活；绝望in desperation 绝望(3)desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常地演绎法练通单句语法填空/完成句子The
36、 children in the mountainous area are desperate to_learn_ (learn) more knowledge.He ran away from the enemy desperately (desperate)He was in desperation when he found all his belongings lost.It hasnt rained for several months and this place is_in_desperate_need_of_water.好几个月没下雨了，这一地区非常缺水。9convince v
37、t.使相信；说服(1)convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事convince sb. that . 使某人相信(2)convinced adj. 确信，坚信不移的be convinced of/that . 坚信/确信(3)convincing adj. 信服的；有说服力的演绎法练通单句语法填空(2015浙江高考书面表达)I didnt give up my opinion and convinced them to_accept (accept) my suggestion, which turned out to
38、 be an effective one.There is now convincing (convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.You need to convince your interviewer of your ability to master the work.Convinced (convince) of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.完成句子(2019全国卷书面表达) I_am_convinced_that_I will be t
39、he right person for the position.我确信我会是这个职位的合适人选。Because they were_convinced_of_the_accuracy of the data, they stuck to their own opinion.因为他们相信数据的精确性，所以他们才坚持自己的意见。10scare vt.使恐惧；使害怕；惊吓 n恐慌；恐惧(1) scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事scare sb. to death 使某人大受惊吓，吓得要死scare . away/off 把吓跑(2)scared adj. 受惊吓的；感
40、到害怕的be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物be scared 害怕做某事(3)scaring adj. 令人害怕的；吓人的演绎法练通单句语法填空They made fires to cook the food, scare wild beasts away/off and keep warm.Generally speaking，most of the girls are scared to_set (set) off fireworks.To tell you the truth, the movie is too scaring (scare)I was too s
41、cared (scare) to go into the water even though they tried to persuade me several times.完成句子Some parents try to scare_their_children_into_behaving_well.有些父母试图用吓唬的办法使孩子守规矩。I was_nearly_scared_to_death when I was alone in the building.当大楼里只有我一个人时，我几乎被吓死。1regardless of 不管，不顾完成句子Regardless_of_whether_he_
42、is_right_or_wrong,_we have to follow his decisions.不论他是对还是错，我们必须听从他的决定。In_spite_of/Despite_his_age,_he still leads an active life.尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。With_regard_to my favorite Chinese poet, Id like to introduce Du Fu to you.至于我最喜欢的中国诗人，我想向你介绍杜甫。In_spite_of/Despite_the_fact_that he is short, he is a
43、n excellent basketball player.尽管他个子矮，却是个出色的篮球运动员。归纳法记牢in spite of/despite尽管(表示让步)with regard to 关于；至于名师指津regardless of后可接whether, what引导的从句，而in spite of和despite后一般不接从句，但可以跟the fact that .。如句。2run into 撞上；偶遇(困难、问题等)；偶然碰到；陷入run across偶然碰见run out (of) 用完；耗尽run away (from) 逃避；逃跑；离开run after 追赶；追求run ove
44、r (撞倒并)碾压，轧过演绎法练通选用上述短语填空I ran_across/into_an old friend of mine in the street, whom I havent met for years.Lost in thought，he almost ran_into_the car in front of him.The poor dog was_run_over by a taxi.Dont bother running_after the bus, youll never catch it.If we continue to destroy and waste the n
45、atural resources like this, we will run_out_of it sooner or later.名师指津run out为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，其主语是物；run out of 为及物动词短语，其主语是人。如句。3result in 造成，导致，结果是(1)result from由于而引起(2)as a result 结果(在句中作状语，常用逗号与句子隔开)as a result of 由于without resultin vain 没有结果；白费演绎法练通选用上述短语填空His laziness resulted_in his failure; th
46、ats to say, his failure resulted_from his laziness.As_a_result_of your carelessness, the plan should be put off at least one month.He studied hard last term and, as_a_result,_he passed the examination.Ive been trying to open the box, but without_result_so far.联想发散表示“导致，造成”的短语还有lead to; bring about;
47、contribute to等。4状语从句的省略While_still_at_primary_school,_Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.还在上小学时，罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。(1)while still at primary school为状语从句的省略，完整形式为while he was still at primary school。(2)在由while, when, if, as if, even if/though, though, although, until, once, unless 等引导的状语从
48、句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或从句中的主语是it，且从句中含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。针对训练单句语法填空Unless invited (invite), he will not come back to the company.When asked (ask) about the secret of his success, he said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.If chosen (choose), Mr Brown, who is r
49、ich in experience, will turn out to be an excellent manager.While travelling (travel) along the way, we can enjoy the beautiful scenery as well as the new looks of the villages and towns.句型转换If it is necessary, you should turn to your parents for help.If_necessary,_you should turn to your parents fo
50、r help.一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020新高考全国卷)Museums must compete for peoples spare time and money with other amusements (amusement)2(2019浙江高考)But if hes out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. 3(2018天津高考)So I ran back home al
51、most in the dark while trying not to get too scared (scare)4(2018江苏高考)These people earn a living wage for their professional (profession) knowledge and skills.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2011湖南高考)People arent used to making an unprepared chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how desperately it is needed
52、, doesnt just happen. 非常地词类活用(2015江苏高考)The weather was too cold this morning and my mother cautioned me about the icy road.vt. 告诫；警告(三)高考中的完形填空1(2020天津高考 )So he decided to do something about it.He _25_ the police department to allow him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local park
53、s.AforcedBorderedCconvinced Dtaught解析：选C根据空后的“allow him”可知，此处是指他说服(convince)警察局允许他在当地两个公园设置聊天长椅。2(2019全国卷)So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove back. After a long and careful search, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving _48_ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxin
54、g the animal to him.Acautiously BcasuallyCskillfully Dangrily解析：选A根据“After a long and careful search”可知，那只狗正在谨慎地(cautiously)移动。(四)高考中的写作1(2020全国卷书面表达)Zhong_Nanshan,_a_medical_scientist,_is_a_leading_figure_in_the_battles_against_SARS_in_2003_and_COVID_in_2019,_winning_the_worldwide_respect. (figure；
55、win)医学科学家钟南山在2003年抗击非典和2019年抗击新冠肺炎的战斗中一直站在抗疫的第一线，赢得了全世界的尊敬。2(2020全国卷书面表达)Rather_than_scold_me,_he_praised_my_honesty_and_then_encouraged_me_to_apologize_to_our_neighbor.(scold)他没有责骂我，而是称赞我的诚实，然后鼓励我向邻居道歉。3(2019浙江高考书面表达)Under_your_professional_guidance,_I_have_made_such_unbelievable_progress_in_Englis
56、h.(professional; unbelievable)在你的专业指导下，我在英语方面取得了令人难以置信的进步。4(2018北京高考书面表达)Learning_some_basic_Chinese_does_you_good_before_you_come. (do sb. good)来之前学习一些基础汉语对你有好处。二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇tragedyseries comedy popularity magnificent spirit admit taste highlyrole beneficial situation essential harmonious correctl
57、y attitude occasionallytemptation effective ignore character audience director horribleshow up be popular with think highly of put on a performance play a role/part in impress sth. on sb. 练中巩固.单句语法填空1The incident sparked off a whole series of events that nobody had foreseen.2We are doing a weekly po
58、ll on the president, and clearly his popularity (popular) has declined.3These books tell moving stories to lift the spirits (spirit) of readers.4In the circumstances, Paisleys plans looked highly (high) appropriate.5In short, a good and harmonious (harmony) environment at home is necessary for a chi
59、ld to grow healthy.完成句子1Football as well as computer games_is_popular_with_young_people.足球和电脑游戏一样深受年轻人的喜爱。2On the other hand, people will respect and think_highly_of_you if you are honest.另一方面，如果你很诚实，人们会尊重你，对你评价很高。3On National Day, our class_put_on_a_wonderful_performance.国庆节那天，我们班呈现了一场精彩的表演。4China plays_an_important_role_in the world economy.中国对世界经济有着举足轻重的作用。5My father_impressed_the_value_of_hard_work_on me.我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。