1、南京市2015高考英语二轮基础选练（8）及答案短文语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。At the age of 17, Swedish Alfred Nobel spoke five languages fluently. Nobel became an 1 (invent）and businessman, and at the time of his death on December 10, 1896, he had 355 patents worldwide
2、 2 of them was the patent on dynamite(炸药). Furthermore, he had started 87 companies all over the world. According to 3 will, Alfred Nobels enormous fortune was to be used 4 (establish) prizes to award those 5 had done their best to benefit mankind in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, liter
3、ature and peace. The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, five years 6 Nobel died. In 1969, another prize was added The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.The Nobel Laureates(获得者) 7 ( announce) at the beginning of October each year. A couple of months later, o
4、n December 10, 8 anniversary of Alfred Nobels death, they receive their prizes from the Swedish King a Nobel diploma, a medal, and 10 million Swedish crowns per prize. All Nobel Prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, 9 for the Nobel Peace Prize, which is awarded in Oslo, Norway. When Alfred Nobel
5、was alive, Norway and Sweden were united under one monarch(君主), 10 1905 when Norway became an independent kingdom with its own king.【参考答案】（17）1. inventor 2. one 3. his 4. to establish 5. who 6. after 7. are announced 8. the 9. except 10. until完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Thanks to a combi
6、nation of young businessmen, large numbers of university students and revitalization (新生) efforts by the local and national governments, todays Nanjing has an 1 of youthful exuberance (繁茂) that would have been 2 only a few decades ago. 3 , the city, a booming city of 6.5 million on the banks of the
7、Yangtze River some 185 miles west of Shanghai, bears 4 resemblance to the former capital of China that suffered the worst cruelty and violence of World War II. 5 Nanjing has shown a remarkable capacity for reinvention during its 2,500-year history. And in recent years, the city has moved 6 its tragi
8、c past to become a vital engine of Chinas economic growth, thanks 7 to its position in the middle of Chinas prosperous eastern seaboard. Growth has also 8 thanks to improved ground transportation: A new bullet train linking Nanjing and Shanghai started service last year, 9 travel time between the ci
9、ties from several hours to just 75 minutes, and a Beijing-Shanghai high-speed line is 10 to open later this year, with a stop in Nanjing. Within the city, two metro lines were built in the last few years; 15 more are planned to begin service by 2030. Signs of Nanjings 11 wealth and optimism can be s
10、een everywhere. In the heart of the downtown Xinjiekou district, a bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen, 12 the father of modern China, looks 13 over a busy 14 area. There is perhaps no more 15 symbol of the citys transformation than the Zifeng Tower, a 1,480-foot skyscraper that opened its doors last May.
11、16 offices, restaurants and an InterContinental hotel, the tower is the second-tallest building in China and billed as the seventh-tallest in the world. Underlying all this development is a large Chinese and 17 student population there are several major universities, plus a branch of Johns Hopkinss
12、international studies school. In fact, art and music 18 in all sorts of places. On a larger 19 , local government officials and private investors are pushing the city as a rising center for contemporary art and architecture, hoping to attract 20 from the neon-bathed streets of its neighbor Shanghai.
13、 1. A. advanceB. affectionC. airD. ability2. A. unforgettableB. unthinkable C. unbearable D. unnecessary3. A. ActuallyB. Regretfully C. Hopefully D. Consequently4. A. closeB. slightC. muchD. little5. A. BecauseB. ButC. AsD. Since6. A. beyondB. onC. offD. out7. A. in addition B. in allC. in partD. in
14、 fact8. A. started B. enlargedC. existedD. accelerated9. A. removingB. cuttingC. dividingD. lowering10. A. scheduledB. inventedC. desiredD. meant11. A. attractiveB. well-received C. newfound D. discovered12. A. thoughtB. treatedC. consideredD. elected13. A. outB. atC. aboutD. for14. A. remoteB. regi
15、onalC. ruralD. commercial15. A. universalB. visible C. traditionalD. political16. A. KeepingB. ConsistingC. OpeningD. Housing17. A. BritishB. westernC. AmericanD. foreign18. A. spring upB. stand upC. set upD. keep up19. A. extent B. degreeC. scaleD. level20. A. businessmenB. studentsC. touristsD. pa
16、inters【参考答案】110、CBADB ACDBA 1120、C CADB DDACC阅读理解【1】Too much TV-watching can harm childrens ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. One of the studies looked at nearly 400 n
17、orthern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs. A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year olds who had watched lots
18、of TV during childhood. But the results dont prove that TV is the cause and dont ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人)may watch lots of TV. Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an average of less than two hour
19、s of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2 1/2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school. In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers
20、scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldnt have TVs in their bedrooms. ( ) 1. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _. A. have watched a lot of TV B. not be interes
21、ted ted in math C. be unable to go to college D. have had computers in their bedrooms ( ) 2. What is the researchers understanding of the New Zealand study results? A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV. B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest. C. TV watching leads to lower educat
22、ion levels of the 15-year-olds. D. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain ( ) 3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. More time should be spent on computers. B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C. IV sets shouldnt be allowed in childrens be
23、drooms. D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done. ( ) 4. What would be the best title for this text? A. Computers or Television B. Effects of Television on Children C. Studies on TV and College EducationD. Television and Childrens Learning Habits 1. A.细节理解题.根据第二段中 Those with TVs
24、in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.可得出答案. 2. D. 细节理解题. 根据第三段 But the results don prove that TV is the cause and dont ride t out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人)may watch lots of TV.可以确定答案. 3. C.推理判断题.注意最后一
25、段开头的 while 是尽管的意思,所以这两段都是围绕儿 童卧室不应该放电视机的问题. 4. B.主旨大意题.通读全文可知,文章主要通过两项研究分析了儿童看电视所造成的 影响.文章第一段第一句话是主题句,所以 B 项作为标题是最佳的. 阅读理解【2】It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries. Then one day. Some visit
26、ors from the city arrived. The told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frogs legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other place. This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields aroun
27、d, and they were no use to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a batter future
28、. But the dream didnt last long. The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately. The villagers decided that they couldnt just wait to see the cro
29、ps failing and the children getting weak. They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(杀虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left. Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadnt been useless. They had been doing an important job-eating insects. Now with s
30、o many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases. Now, the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs. These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.
31、( ) 1. From paragraph I we learn that the villagers _. A. worked very hard for centuries B. dreamed of having a better life C. were poor but somewhat content D. lived a different life from their forefathers ( ) 2. Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs? A. the frogs were easy money B. They needs
32、money to buy medicine C. they wanted to please the visitors D. the frogs made too much noise ( ) 3. What might be the cause of the childrens sickness? A. the crops didnt do well B. there were too many insects C. the visits brought in diseases D. the pesticides were overused ( ) 4. What can we infer
33、from the last sentence of the text? A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country B. Health is more important than money C. The harmony between man and nature is important D. good old day will never be forgotten 1. C.细节理解题.第一段中有 The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy.和 C 项意思一致.
34、2. A.细节理解题.根据第三段和本段第一句 This seemed like money for nothing.句中 for nothing 是免费的意思,说明青蛙容易得到,并能赚到钱,村民才答应买. 3. B.推理判断题.根据倒数第二段中 They had been doing an important job-eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases
35、.可以推断出庄稼收成不好, 孩子生病与青蛙减少, 害虫增多有关. 4. C.推理判断题.最后一句 These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning. 现 在夜晚的这些声音具有更深刻的意义. 该句是一个中介句, 说明人们过度捕杀造成生态失衡, 由此也影响了人类,因此,可以推断人与自然的和谐是重要. 短文改错Dear doctor,My name is Wang Lin. Im a middle school student.I havea problem and Im writing to ask you for some advi
36、ces. 1._Im just 1.57 meters high, and my weight is 71 kilos.Many 2._Students often make fun me.Some boys are unfriendly to me. 3._They called me “ Meat Ball”. That makes me feel unhappy. 4._Im now worry about my weight. Though I am a bit too fat, I 5._feel rather good. I enjoy my meals. I love eatin
37、g meat very 6._much. And I like sweet food, either. I often have sugar with 7._tea, milk, porridge, and even hot water. In the past two months 8._I have put off 5 kilos. Im worried about this problem, 9._but I dont know what to lose weight quickly. Please help me, 10_dear doctor!I hope to hear from you as soon as possible.With best wishes, Wang Lin【参考答案】1 advices advice 2 andbut 3of 4 called call 5 worryworried 6 good well 7 either too 8 right 9 off on 10 what how