1、Section Grammar&Writing语法 专项突破写作 能力提升阶段达标检测(一)动词的ing形式作状语Will，still watching，saw the cat behave curiously.When it had gone past he crossed the road，keeping his eyes on the spotwhere the cat had been investigating.While sitting by a pool，Ferdinand sees a frog.Before leaving his kingdom，he calls his s
2、on to him.Not knowing her address，I cant write to her to express my gratitude.Having lived with the girl for five years，we all know her very well.我的结论1六个例句中的动词ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子的。2在例句中，动词ing形式短语前用while，为了强调与谓语动词的动作发生；在例句中，动词ing形式短语前用before，为了强调在谓语动词的动作发生。3由例句可知，动词ing形式的否定式是在ing形式前面加。4由例句可知，动词ing形式的完成式为。
3、主语同时之后nothaving done一、动词的ing形式及含义语境感悟Many people stood at the stop，waiting for the bus.许多人站在停车点等车。(waiting for the bus是与stand同时进行的动作。)Being well looked after，the child grows tall and strong.被照顾得很好，这个孩子长得又高又壮。(Being well looked after是与grow同时进行的动作。)Having worked for a whole day，he felt very tired.工作了一
4、整天，他感到很累。(work是发生在谓语动作feel之前的动作。)Having been finished，the book should be returned to the library.已经读完了，这本书应该被还回图书馆了。(书先读完然后才还回图书馆，所以用现在分词的完成式表示发生在谓语动词动作之前的动作。)知识归纳分类主动式被动式意义一般式doingbeing done与谓语动词动作同时进行或紧接着发生完成式having donehaving been done发生在谓语动词动作之前否定式not doing/not having(been)done二、动词的ing形式的用法1作时间状
5、语语境感悟Shopping in the mall(While I was shopping in the mall)，I encounteredMary，my friend from childhood.在商场购物时，我遇到了儿时的朋友玛丽。(encounter与shop同时发生)Opening the door of the office(When he opened the door of his office)，hesaw a figure jumping out of the window.打开办公室的门，他发现一个身影从窗子跳了出去。(open与see紧接着发生)Having fi
6、nished his homework(After he finished his homework)，the boywent out to play.完成作业后，男孩出去玩了。(finish发生在go out之前)知识归纳通常放在句首，有时在句中或句末，相当于when或while等引导的时间状语从句。即时演练1 句型转换When she saw nobody at home,she decided to leave them a note.,she decided to leave them a note.Arriving home,he found the door locked.,he
7、found the door locked.When she arrived at the party,she found all the people gone.at the party,she found all the people gone.Seeing nobody at homeWhen he arrived homeOn arriving2作原因状语语境感悟Being a student(As you are a student)，you should concentrate most of yourattention on your study.作为一名学生，你应该将主要的注意
8、力集中在学习上。Not knowing how to deal with the difficult situation(Because he didnt knowhow to deal with the difficult situation)，he turned to his teacher for help.不知道如何应对这种困难的形势，他向老师求助。知识归纳通常放在句首，相当于as，because，since，now that等引导的原因状语从句。即时演练2 单句语法填空(know)the place very well,I acted as their guide.(be)anxio
9、us about his childs safety,he couldnt fall asleep.Pressed from his parents,and(realize)that he has wasted toomuch time,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.KnowingBeingrealizing 3作条件状语语境感悟Turning to the left(If you turn to the left)，you will see the bridge.向左拐，你就看到桥了。You cant find the s
10、ecret cave，unless following a local guide(unless youfollow a local guide)如果你不跟着一位当地向导，你就找不到这个隐蔽的山洞。知识归纳可以在句首也可在句末，相当于if，unless引导的条件状语从句。即时演练3(1)单句语法填空(work)hard at your lessons,you are to succeed.(see)from the top of the tower,you will get a good view.Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more t
11、ired,(keep)onyour feet.(2)完成句子(仔细阅读),youll learn something new.(整天玩),you will waste your valuable time.WorkingSeeingkeepingReading carefullyPlaying all day4作让步状语，多置于句首语境感悟Being poor，the old man was happy.虽然穷，但老人很幸福。Knowing where I live，he never comes to see me.尽管知道我住哪里，他从来也没有来看过我。知识归纳相当于一个让步状语从句。有时分
12、词前可以有连接词although，even if，eventhough等。即时演练4 句型转换Although they played well,they lost the game.,they lost the game.Knowing that it was dangerous,she walked home by herself.She walked home by herself,.Playing wellalthough she knew that it was dangerous5作结果状语语境感悟The boy fell off his bike，breaking his lef
13、t arm.男孩从他的自行车上摔了下来，弄伤了他的左胳膊。He ran all the way，reaching the school out of breath.他跑了一路，到达学校时上气不接下气。知识归纳通常位于句末，且中间有逗号，相当于一个并列分句，通常为了强调语气，常在分词前加thus，therefore等副词。深化点拨 不定式作结果状语与现在分词作结果状语的区别：现在分词作状语表示自然而然的结果。动词不定式位于句末，常与only，never，not等副词连用，表示出乎意料的结果。The poor man died，leaving his son nothing.这个贫穷的男人去世了，
14、什么也没有留给他的儿子。His first book was well received，making him a popular student writer.他的第一本书受到好评，使他成为一位受欢迎的学生作家。The old lady hurried to the market，only to find her money stolen on thebus.老太太匆匆赶到市场，结果却发现自己的钱在公共汽车上被偷了。即时演练5 单句语法填空I built all my hopes on his promises,only(find)that he was not anhonest perso
15、n.The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year，thus(make)itone of the bestsellers at that time.The sun began to rise in the sky,(bath)the mountain in goldenlight.to findmakingbathing6作方式或伴随状语，置于句首语境感悟Laughing and talking，they went back home.他们有说有笑，回到了家。He sat at the table，reading a magazine.他坐在桌子旁，
16、读着一本杂志。知识归纳用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下，现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作，分词是陪衬动作。伴随状语或方式状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。即时演练6(1)句型转换All the students sat in the classroom,and waited for their new teacher.All the students sat in the classroom,.The young man held a torch in his hand,and climbed up to the top of thec
17、lock tower.,the young man climbed up to the top of theclock tower.waiting for their new teacherHolding a torch in his hand(2)按要求改写句子They all stood there,and watched closely as the magician did the tricks.(用动词ing形式作状语)All the students paid their attention to what their teacher said,taking notescarefu
18、lly.(改为并列句)They all stood there,watching closely as the magician did the tricks.All the students paid their attention to what their teacher said,and took notes carefully.三、动词ing形式短语前可用连词，有时可用介词或副词语境感悟Dont talk while having dinner(while you are having dinner)吃饭时不要说话。Though working hard，he couldnt ear
19、n enough money to pay off his debt.尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。On hearing the news，all the pupils jumped with joy.一听到这个消息，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。The bus was held up by the snowstorm，thus causing the delay.公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。知识归纳(1)为了使动词ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词ing形式前加上适当的连词(when，while，before，after，if，unless，
20、though/although等)。(2)动词ing形式短语前可用介词on/upon，表示“一就”。(3)为了强调结果，可在动词ing形式前加副词thus。四、动词ing形式的否定式和完成式语境感悟She was puzzled，not knowing what had happened.她迷惑了，不知道发生了什么。Having finished the letter，he folded it and put it into the envelope.写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。知识归纳(1)动词ing形式的否定式通常在ing形式前加否定词not。(2)动词ing形式的完成式表示的动作发
21、生在谓语动词之前。.单句语法填空1.(not recognize)the voice，he refused to give theperson his address.2The children went out of the school,(talk)and(laugh)3The fish can eat a man in a few minutes,(leave)only the bones.4.(walk)along the valley，we came across a large cave.5.When(leave)the airport，they waved again and a
22、gain to us.6Sarah pretended to be cheerful,(say)nothing about the argument.Not recognizingtalkinglaughingleavingWalkingleavingsaying7Do you wake up every morning(feel)energetic and ready to start anew day?8Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way(use)the sun and thestars.feelingusing.完成句子1.，you
23、 will make fewer mistakes.更细心点，你就会少犯错误。2.，he missed his early train.由于起床晚了，他没有赶上早班火车。3The children played in the water,.孩子们在水里玩，又跑又笑。4.，he asked the teacher for advice.因为不知道该做什么，他向老师请教。Being more carefulGetting up laterunning and laughingNot knowing what to do5.，I saw them playing basketball on the
24、playground.当我经过的时候，看到他们在操场上打篮球。6.on a March afternoon，he could feel the warmth ofspring.在三月份的一个下午走在田野里，他感到了春天的温暖。When passing byWalking in the fields.语法填空Knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student.By using your time 1.(proper)，you can do your homework more quickly.Learning to
25、 study is not difficult.The first thing 2.(remember)is that you must be willing to learn.It doesnt mean that you must always like the subject.It does mean，however，that you must be willing to do whatever is necessary to learn.Try to understand 3.it is important and how it will help you now and later
26、to do and learn other things.Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life.Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier.Sometimes the subject that you think is going to be 4.(interest)will be exciting when you begin to work at it and properlyto rememberwhyuninteresting underst
27、and it more clearly.Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them.Heres some advice for you：have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study，so that you can concentrate on your study 5.interruptions；have everything ready before you sit down to study,a dic
28、tionary，paper，a pen and books；be sure you understand what you should learn before you start；read carefully and pay special attention to 6.most important things；when 7.(memorize)，first find out the main parts and then recite the whole withoutthememorizingthing；check your homework after you finish it；
29、never forget the 8.(important)of review and preview.Dont try to spend a lot of time 9.(research)learning methods.There are many students who know many good learning methods but dont study well.They forget that no one can study well unless he 10.(study)hard.importanceresearchingstudies如何编写奇幻故事奇幻故事最明显
30、的特征就是虚幻、虚构，其中的人物、事物都有神奇的力量或魔力。在体裁上属于记叙文，情节的发展多以时间、地点的转移为线索。奇幻故事的写作步骤：1认真审题，确定文章结构奇幻故事通常由三部分组成：故事的开端、故事的发展和高潮、故事的结局以及教育意义。2确定时态奇幻故事通常以一般过去时为主。3语言的选择奇幻故事通常为虚构的故事，要求语言比较夸张、生动，富有虚幻性。常用句式1It was said that.2Just then/At thesame time/After a while/Long long ago.3Much to ones surprise，.4Suddenly I had an id
31、ea that.5On his way to.，he found.6On/Upon seeing him，.7The family were so pleased when they discovered.8It wont be long before humans visit.9.It was quite an experience for me，which Ill never forget for the rest of my life.10With the sun setting in the west，we had to wave goodbye to.请用叙事的记叙文形式，以“A M
32、agical Ring”为题，充分发挥想象力，写一篇奇幻性质的小故事。注意：1用过去时叙述；2多运用动词ing形式；3词数100左右。要点提示：1时间、地点、人物：night，wood，home，young man，parents，soldier2事件：saw a ring，the magic ring3结果：the young man succeeded with the help of the ring词句推敲.词汇1穿过 2穿上；戴上3消失4取下5考虑6想起7环顾四周8在的帮助下walk throughput ondisappeartake offthink about/consider
33、think oflook around with the help of.句式1一位年轻人在森林里散步时看到了地上有一枚戒指。(walk through)2这位年轻人非常高兴，于是就戴着戒指回家了，想着他父母能否看到他。(think about)Walking through a wood，a young man saw a ring lying on the ground.The young man was very glad and went home with the ring on his finger，thinking about whether his parents could
34、see him.3听到有人在他的房间外面小声说话，这位年轻人迅速地戴上戒指。(hearsb.doing)4环视了房间，他的父亲非常吃惊，也非常生气。(look around)5年轻人在这枚戒指的帮助下成功了。(with the help of.)Hearing people whispering outside his room，the young man quicklyslipped the ring onto his finger.Looking around the room，his father was very surprised and very angry.The young m
35、an succeeded with the help of the ring.妙笔成篇参考范文A Magic RingWalking through a wood，a young man saw a ring lying on the ground.He discovered that when he put the ring on his finger，he disappeared.Whenhe took it off，he could be seen.The young man was very glad and went homewith the ring on his finger，t
36、hinking about whether his parents could see him.When he went home，his parents didnt see him，as expected.So he could hear his parents conversation.“Ive arranged for four soldiers to come and take him off to join the army tonight when hes sleeping，”his father said.“Good，”said his mother.“Hes completel
37、y useless here at home.All he does is wandering in the forest all day！”“Well，army life will soon change all that，”his father replied.But the young man didnt want to join the army.So he thought of a plan.After midnight，hearing people whispering outside his room，the young man quickly slipped the ring onto his finger.Four soldiers came in with a rope and a bag.But when they saw nobody in the room，they called for the father.Looking around the room，the father was very surprised and very angry.And the young man succeeded with the help of the ring.阶段达标检测(一)
