1、必修 Unit 1 单元主题语篇训练.阅读理解ALocal officials in Beijing promised to further protect the citys cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong.Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk.Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Huton
2、gs, most of which are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture.“On average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City
3、during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics，” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage.The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and h
4、ow the management of cultural heritage worked.The head of the Xicheng district government said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (12711368)“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to
5、 the heritage.”“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially Hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.语篇解读：北京的胡同已不再是小小的街道，它记载着北京几百年的历史和文化。本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、
6、现状及政府的保护措施。1How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing?AFewer than 1,000.BAbout 2,000.CMore than 3,000. DOver 4,000.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City. Only 60 years ago, the number wa
7、s 3,250.”可知，北京胡同的数量由60年前的3 250条减少至现在的不到1 000条，共减少了大约2 000条。故选B项。2According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics?APeoples activity.BResidents attitude.CCommunities behavior.DThe governments policy.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The visits put pressure on the
8、 protection of cultural relics”和“Hutongs should be protected from human damage”以及倒数第三段最后一句可知，文化遗迹遭到破坏的主要因素是人们的活动。3Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs?ATo attract more visitors.BTo forbid everyone from getting close to them.CTo increase the local population.DTo punish anyone dam
9、aging them.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“. any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”可知，加大对破坏胡同行为的惩罚是保护胡同比较有用的措施，故选D项。4What is the authors attitude toward Hutongs?AOptimistic. BPessimistic.CUninterested. DAppreciative.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者对胡同未来的命运深感担忧，持悲观态度。BTrash is the talk of Shanghai. The
10、city requires residents (居民) and businesses to sort their waste into separate bins. The task is tough: Shanghai produces more than 9 million tons of garbage every year and it lacks even a basic recycling system.As far back as 2000, the Chinese government foresaw this problem and designated eight cit
11、ies, including Shanghai, to pilot trash recycling programs. They all failed completely. Not only did the cities lack the equipment and facilities to recycle, but residents were given no rewards for sorting their trash or education about why it was so important. This ignorance continues. A 2018 surve
12、y of 3,600 residents of major Chinese cities found that nearly three quarters could not identify how to properly sort their trash for recycling.Regardless, the government is trying again. In 2017, China announced a plan to promote “garbage sorting” in Chinas major cities. Shanghais new program is th
13、e most visible and extensive one ever attempted in China. Under the plan, citizens are required to sort their trash into four separate categories: residual waste, recyclable waste, hazardous waste (such as batteries and light bulbs) and household food waste.Importantly, the system in Shanghai is uni
14、quely public. Residents can only throw away waste during certain hours, ensuring that neighbors will see who is and who isnt sorting properly. They must empty food waste into public bins without using bags, so everyone can also see what theyre throwing away. A fine of up to 200 yuan, roughly D|S30,
15、awaits those who dont sort waste. And officials will cut off garbage collection for the whole community if they dont obey the rules.At the same time, Shanghai has spent weeks using every possible propaganda tool, from the social media to local and even national newspapers, to explain how and why res
16、idents should recycle. On Sina Weibo, the subject has been under heated discussion, with reports that the new regulations apply to foreign tourists as well. Younger Chinese seem to have favorable opinions of the program, though they fear it will be timeconsuming.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。从2019年7月1日起，上海开始实行严格的垃圾
17、分类政策。5Why did the trash recycling programs in 2000 fail in China?ABecause of the lack of trash recycling technology and awareness.BDue to no experience of trash sorting and recycling.COwing to Chinese cities producing too much trash to be dealt with.DOn account of the Chinese government not predicti
18、ng the trash problem.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Not only did the cities lack the equipment and facilities to recycle, but residents were given no rewards for sorting their trash or education about why it was so important.”可知，2000年的垃圾回收利用方案的失败是因为缺乏必要的设备和设施，并且居民也缺乏相关的意识。6Which of the following behavior disagr
19、ees with the trash sorting regulations?AThrowing away garbage at the stated time.BSorting their trash into four separate categories.CPutting trash into public bins without using bags.DLimiting the amount of the trash that could be thrown each time.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段内容可知，规定没有限制每次扔垃圾的数量。7What does t
20、he word “propaganda” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?AAvoiding risks.BEconomic guarantees.CCarrying out policies.DBroadcasting information.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据后文中的“from the social media to local and even national newspapers”及“to explain how and why residents should recycle”可知，该词意为“宣传”。8What worries young peop
21、le about the trash sorting program?APaying more charges.BSpending too much time.CSuffering inconvenience.DExposing personal privacy.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Younger Chinese seem to have favorable opinions of the program, though they fear it will be timeconsuming.”可知，年轻人担心在垃圾分类上会花费太多时间。.应用文写作假定你是李华，你的英国笔友D
22、avid对中国的长城很感兴趣，来信向你询问长城的有关情况。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信。1长城有两千多年的历史；长城全长21,196.18千米，高6至7米；宽4至5米；2长城代表了中国悠久的历史；3如今，长城已经成为著名的旅游景点。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear David，How have you been lately? You wanted to know about the Great Wall in your last letter. Yours，Li Hua参考范文：Dear David，How have
23、you been lately? You wanted to know about the Great Wall in your last letter. Im happy to tell you about it here. The Great Wall was built more than two thousand years ago. It is 21,196.18 kilometres long, six to seven metres high and four to five metres wide. The Great Wall, which represents the lo
24、ng history of China, is a great wonder created by the ancient Chinese people. Now the Great Wall has become one of the most famous attractions in China, and it attracts a large number of visitors from all over the world each year.I hope you can come to China to visit the Great Wall one day. Im sure you will enjoy it.Yours，Li Hua