1、江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期初模拟考试试题（含解析）第一部分 听力第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What do we learn from the conversation?A.The man hates to lend his tools to other people.B.The man hasnt finished working on the bookshelf.C.The man
2、 lost those tools.2.What do we know about the man?A.He doesnt like his job.B.He will not give up his job.C.He has a large family to support.3.Whats the relationship between the two speakers?A.Classmates. B.Teachers and students. C.Headmaster and teachers.4.Who is worried about gaining weight?A.The s
3、on. B.Aunt Louise. C.The mother.5.Why doesnt the woman buy the coat?A.It is expensive. B.There isnt her size. C.She doesnt like the color.第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What is the woman proba
4、bly?A.A hotel clerk. B.A house agent C.A shop assistant.7.What is the pillow filled with?A.Cotton. B.Dried flowers. C.A special material.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What kind of skills does the woman not have?A.Operating computers. B.Doing business. C.Typing.9.Which company did the woman work in?A.A trading co
5、mpany and a trust company.B.A trust company.C.A trading company.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whats wrong with the womans mother?A.She has been sick.B.She misses her family and friends.C.She cant earn enough to support her family.11.Where does the woman live?A.In America B.In India. C.In Britain.12.What does
6、the woman plan to do next year?A.Study a new language.BTravel to India.C.Visit her fathers native country.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.How many Economics lectures will the man attend every week?A.Five times,from Monday to Friday.B.Two times,on Thursday and Friday.C.Two times,on Tuesday and Thursday.14.Why di
7、d the man miss the meeting for the new students yesterday?A.Because he hadnt received any notice about that meeting.B.Because he had to attend the group discussion.C.Because he had to do some part time jobs yesterday.15.If a student wants to earn the scholarship,what is the required attendance rate?
8、A.80% B.90% C.100%16.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the conversation?A.The man is a grade one student in the university.B.The man has to work after school.CThe man thinks the time of the lecture is too early.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.How long has the speaker lived in a big cit
9、y?A.One year. B.Ten years. C.Eighteen years.18.What is the speakers opinion on public transport?A.Its comfortable. B.Its time-saving. C.Its cheap.19.What is good about living in a small town?A.Its safer. B.Its healthier. C.Its more convenient.20.What kind of life do the speakers seem to like most?A.
10、Busy. B.Colorful. C.Quiet.第二部分 单选（共15题，满分15分）1. Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _to achieve the final success.A. being doneB. doC. to be doneD. to do【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有一个好的开端，但是下一步需要做更多的工作达到最后的目标。分析句子可知，主语work与do是被动关系，故排除B、D项；need doing或need to be done都表示：需要被做 ，故A项错误，故选D。2.
11、The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.A. whereverB. howeverC. whateverD. whichever【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个新来的人几天前去了图书馆，搜寻他能找到的任何关于马克吐温的资料。A. wherever无论在哪里；B. however无论如何；C. whatever无论什么；D. whichever无论哪个。空处所填词引导宾语从句，并且在从句中作find的宾语，指物，根据句意可知选wh
12、atever=anything that。A、B两项均是副词不能在从句中充当宾语；D项whichever是指特定范围内某一个，而本题是没有范围限制的。故选C。3. Shall I _ the raincoat?No hurry. Leave it _ it is. It looks like rain.A. put away; in the placeB. put away; whereC. put on; whereD. put on; there【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短动词语辨析和状语从句。句意：要我把雨衣收起来吗？不着急，把它放在原处。天看起来好像会下雨。put away意为“收
13、起来，放好”，put on意为“增加；穿上”。根据“ No hurry. 以及It looks like rain.”可知，第一个空填put away。分析句子“Leave it _ it is.”可知，此空引导地点状语从句，用where。故选B。4. Many people feel nervous _ they attend a concert, so I recommend _ the hall early to have enough time _ yourself comfortable.A. at the first time, arriving, to makeB. the fi
14、rst time, to arrive, makingC. for the first time, reaching, makingD. the first time, getting to, to make【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：很多人第一次参加音乐会时感到紧张，所以我推荐你早点到大厅有充足时间让你自己舒服一些。第一个空后面是从句要用连词，the first time引导状语从句。第二个空recommend后面用动名词，第三个空考查有时间做某事have time to do。故选D。5. When a piece of ice is taken into a
15、 warm room, it will become smaller and smaller, until in the end it completely.A. is disappearedB. will disappearC. is disappearingD. disappears【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：当一块冰被带入一个温暖的房间时，它会变得越来越小，最终消失。句字陈述了一个事实，应用一般现在时；disappear是不及物动词，没有被动语态。故选D。【点睛】一般现在时的用法：1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有every，s
16、ometimes，at，on Sunday等。例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。3）表示格言或警句。例如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例
17、如：I dont want so much. 我不要那么多。6. The Internet is one of the ways these feelings are conveyed and perhaps never before _so much to connect different peoples and nations.A. did it serveB. it has servedC. was it servedD. has it served【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：互联网是传达这些情感的一种方式，或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国家联系起来。根据时间状语b
18、efore可知，serve表示对现在的影响，用现在完成时，never置句首，句子使用部分倒装，主语是The Internet是第三人称单数，综上可知，D项正确。故选D。7. If public schools dont work out a plan on how much they will spend next year and have it _, they may not get enough money from the government.A. approving ofB. approved ofC. approvingD. approved【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动
19、词和词组辨析。句意：如果公立学校没有制定出明年的支出计划并获得批准，他们可能无法从政府获得足够的资金。分析句子可知，空中词做it的宾语补足语，和it之间为被动的关系，应用过去分词，approve of意为“赞成”，而approve意为 “批准，同意”，故选D。8. To get a better grade, you should _the notes again before the test.A. go overB. get overC. turn overD. take over【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了得到一个更好的分数，你应该在考试前把笔记好好地再复习一遍
20、。A. go over复习，重温，仔细检查；B. get over克服，恢复，熬过，原谅；C. turn over移交给，翻阅，把翻过来；D. take over接管，接收。根据句意可知，要选择一个“复习”的词义。故选A。9. Mr. Smith gave her one of the pills that he _ for stomachache or something like that.A. will have takenB. had been takenC. has takenD. had been taking【答案】D【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态。句意：Smith先生给了她一
21、片他一直服用的治胃病之类的药。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，根据从句句意得知，这个药是Smith先生之前就在服用，而且这个药也会一直持续服用下去，所以动词时态应该是现在完成进行时。又因为定语从句前面的主句部分是用的一般过去时，也就是说在 Smith先生给她药之前，他就在服用这个治胃病的药，所以综上所述，动词应该用过去完成进行时，故选D项。 10. What a relief! We would be still waiting anxiously in the classroom _to bring an umbrella with you.A. should you forgetB. ha
22、d you forgottenC. you should forgetD. you had forgotten【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真是松了一口气！如果你忘了带雨伞，我们还在教室里焦急地等着。本句是省略if引导的错综时间虚拟语气句，还原句子为：We would be still waiting anxiously in the classroom if you had forgotten to bring an umbrella with you，“一直等“这个动作发生在现在，表示现在的情况，所以主句谓语用would +动词原形，“忘记”这个动作发生在过去，表示与过去事
23、实相反，从句谓语应用过去完成时（had done），在虚拟语气中，若有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，即had you forgotten to bring an umbrella with you。故选B项。11. Word came _ Chinese climbers made it to the top of Mount Qomolangma once again on May, 27th. I was always wondering _ they managed to make such a great achievement .A.
24、 which; whyB. that; whyC. that; howD. when; how【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：有消息称，中国登山者于5月27日再次登顶珠峰。我一直想知道他们是如何取得如此巨大的成就的。第一空：这是个同位语从句，后面的从句是word的同位语，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用that引导；第二空：从句位于动词wonder之后，是宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，根据句意可知，用how引导。故选C。【点睛】名词性从句考查，首先判定是名词性从句，然后确定空出的意义，最后结合个连接词的用法来判定使用哪个连接词。本题第一空是同位语从句，从句是前面word的内容，
25、用that引导，第二空是宾语从句，结合句意可知，需要表达“怎样”用how引导。12. On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems _ paid special attention to.A. referred to beingB. referred to beC. refer to beingD. refer to be【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：在艾滋病日那天，卫生部部长要求被提到的那几个问题应该特别注意。分析句子结构可知，refer to 与the prob
26、lems之间是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词词组作后置定语，表被动；谓语动词demand后面的宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。故选B。13. Who is Chinas first UFC champion?It is Zhang Weili _ opponent, Jessica Andrade, was knocked out by her within just 42 seconds.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. whose【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：谁是中国第一个UFC（无限制格斗）冠军？是张伟丽，张伟丽的对
27、手杰西卡安德拉德在42秒内被她击倒。名词Zhang Weili后接一个定语从句，先行词是Zhang Weili，指人，在从句中做名词opponent的定语，所以用关系代词whose。故选D项。【点睛】定语从句指的是用一个句子来充当定语，修饰限定一个名词或代词，基本结构“名词/代词+关系代词/副词+从句”。分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。如果这个从句基本结构不完整，其中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词（that/who/whom/whose/which）；如果从句基本结构完整，缺少状语，就需要用关系副词（when/where/why）来
28、连接。如本题中，先行词Zhang Weili后接一个定语从句，先行词在从句中做名词opponent的定语，所以用关系代词whose。故选D项。14. _ is surprising to us is that Tom, for _ English was once boring, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker.A. What; whomB. What; whoseC. It; whoseD. As; whom【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：让我们惊讶的是，汤姆对他来说英语曾经是
29、枯燥的，现在可以流利的说英语好像是英国本土的人。通过分析句子结构，可知这个句子中包含一个主语从句，和一个非限制性定语从句。且引导词在主语从句中作主语，表示“什么”的含义，故用what。介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，定语从句的主语是English，这里表示“对于某人来说”，需要for的宾语，指人只能用whom。故选A。15. -_ makes your son feel blue today?-_ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol.A. What it is that; To be forbiddenB. What is that; Forb
30、iddenC. What is it that; Being forbiddenD. That is what; Having forbidden【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意：是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？不让他看他最喜欢的卡通狗狗巡逻队。分析句子结构可知，第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句，即：疑问词What+ it is+ that+其余部分；第二空为非谓语动词，作主语用动名词，且son与forbide之间是被动关系，所以用Being forbidden，故C项正确。【点睛】注意强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词+ is it+ that+其余部分，根据句意“是什么让你
31、儿子今天心情不好？”判断疑问词用what，即：What is it that makes your son feel blue today?第三部分 完形填空Fujian puppetry(木偶戏) has a thousand-year history. It is one of the _16_ of Chinese performing art to the worlds culture and has_17_a set of characteristic techniques of performance and puppet making, as well as a repertoi
32、re (全部剧目) of plays and music. No _18_ has yet been reached on the_19_and development of Chinese puppetry. _20_ the Shang dynasty (16th-11th century B.C.), pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects (随葬品) have been discovered at the Yin Ruins. Wooden figurines _21_during the Spring and Autumn and
33、the Warring States Periods (770-221 B.C.). In a Western Han tomb at Mawangdui in Changsha, Hunan province, an army of wooden figurines of singers, dancers and musicians have been discovered. These were a great _22_ on those from previous dynasties _23_craftsmanship, variety and modeling, which repre
34、sent the _24_Chinese puppets. Over time, figurines as burial objects _25_ into puppets for entertainment during holiday_26_. _27_, just like many other traditional forms of art, Fujian puppetry has fallen out of favour with the younger generations. The number of young people learning puppetry has _2
35、8_ due to socioeconomic changes _29_their lifestyles and the long period of training _30_to master the sophisticated (复杂的) performing techniques. In response, _31_ communities, groups and bearers (传授者) worked out the 2008-2020 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practi
36、tioners. The key _32_ are to safeguard the spread of Fujian Puppetry and provide professional _33_to raise a new generation of puppetry practitioners.In 2012, the strategy was selected by the UNESCO to be part of the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices. With the wide _34_ of practitioners, local
37、 people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can_35_ a brighter future.16. A. incidentsB. judgmentsC. contributionsD. attempts17. A. acceptedB. developedC. appreciatedD. recognized 18. A. introductionB. conservationC. conclusionD. presentation19. A. originsB. compositionsC. techniquesD. funct
38、ions20. A. Differing fromB. Arising fromC. Coming fromD. Dating from21. A. survivedB. jumpedC. appearedD. applied22. A. improvementB. decorationC. disappointmentD. impression23. A. in preference toB. in regard toC. in answer toD. in reply to24. A. livelyB. earlyC. naturalD. precious25. A. struggledB
39、. modifiedC. floodedD. evolved26. A. conditionsB. celebrationsC. instructionsD. invitations27. A. PreviouslyB. ParticularlyC. EventuallyD. Unfortunately28. A. increasedB. reducedC. remainedD. climbed29. A. expressingB. consumingC. transformingD. confirming30. A. devotedB. spentC. requiredD. cost31.
40、A. concernedB. concreteC. confidentD. convenient32. A. chanceB. interestC. goalD. problem33. A. learningB. spreadingC. performingD. training34. A. comprehensionB. participationC. companionD. organization35. A. produceB. expectC. selectD. observe【答案】16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B 24.
41、 B 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了福建木偶戏的起源和现状。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是中国表演艺术对世界文化的贡献之一。A. incidents事件；B. judgments评价；C. contributions贡献；D. attempts企图，努力。根据“to the worlds culture”可知，福建木偶戏是对世界文化的贡献之一。contribution to对的贡献。故选C项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：逐渐形成了一些表
42、演和木偶控制的显著的技巧。A. accepted接受；B. developed发展，逐渐形成；C. appreciated感谢，理解；D. recognized承认，识别。根据上文“Fujian puppetry(木偶戏) has a thousand-year history.”可知，木偶戏有一千年的历史，逐渐形成了一些表演和木偶控制的技巧。故选B项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是关于中国木偶戏的起源和发展没有结论。A. introduction介绍；B. conservation保存，保护；C. conclusion结论；D. presentation显示，表演。此处指没有“结
43、论”，reach a conclusion得出结论，固定搭配 。故选C项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于中国木偶戏的起源和发展没有结论。A. origins起源；B. compositions构成，组成；C. techniques技巧；D. functions功能。根据下文中“_5_ the Shang dynasty (16th-11th century B.C.)”及“during the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Periods (770-221 B.C.) ”等内容可知，此处指木偶戏的“起源”。故选A项。【20题详解】
44、考查固定短语辨析。句意：始于商朝（公元前16世纪公元前11世纪），作为随葬品的陶俑在殷墟中被发现。A. Differing from与不同；B. Arising from由引起；C. Coming from来自；D. Dating from始于，从开始。根据上文“development of Chinese puppetry”可知，此处是在时候木偶戏的发展历程，所以此处指“始于”。故选D项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：木雕在春秋战国时期（公元前770年到公元前221年）出现。A. survived生存；B. jumped跳跃；C. appeared出现；D. applied申请。此处
45、指木雕“出现”在春秋战国时期。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就技术、多样性和造型而言，这些在之前朝代的木雕基础上有了很大改进，这代表了早期的中国木偶戏。A. improvement提高，改善；B. decoration装饰；C. disappointment失望；D. impression印象。根据“an army of wooden figurines of singers, dancers and musicians”可知，长沙马王堆西汉墓出土的军队木雕有歌者，舞者和音乐家，相比之前的有了很大的“改进”。故选A项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：就技术、多样性和造型
46、而言，这些在之前朝代的木雕基础上有了很大改进，这代表了早期的中国木偶戏。A. in preference to优先于；B. in regard to就而言，关于；C. in answer to作为对的回答；D. in reply to对作出反应。根据空后的“craftsmanship, variety and modeling”可知，是“关于”技术、多样性和造型方面的改进。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就技术、多样性和造型而言，这些在之前朝代的木雕基础上有了很大改进，这代表了早期的中国木偶戏。A. lively活泼的；B. early早期的；C. natural自然的；D.
47、 precious之前的。根据下文“Over time”并结合语境可知，此处指西汉墓出土的军队木雕代表了“早期”的木偶戏。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，作为随葬品的陶俑演变成用于节日庆祝期间娱乐的木偶。A. struggled挣扎；B. modified修改；C. flooded泛滥，淹没；D. evolved进化，演变。根据“figurines as burial objects”及“puppets for entertainment during holiday”可知，陶俑“演变”成木偶。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，作为
48、随葬品的陶俑演变成用于节日庆祝期间娱乐的木偶。A. conditions条件；B. celebrations庆祝；C. instructions指令，说明；D. invitations邀请。根据空前的“during holiday”可知，此处指节日“庆祝”期间。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，正如很多其他传统艺术形式一样，福建木偶戏并不受年轻一代的喜爱。A. Previously以前，先前；B. Particularly特别，尤其；C. Eventually最终；D. Unfortunately不幸地，遗憾地。根据空后“Fujian puppetry has fall
49、en out of favour with the younger generations”可知，年轻一代不喜欢福建木偶戏，所以D项“不幸地”符合语境。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于社会经济的变化改变了他们的生活方式，并且掌握复杂的表演技巧需要很长时间的训练，学习木偶戏的年轻人的数量在减少。A. increased增加；B. reduced减少；C. remained保持，保留；D. climbed爬。根据上文“Fujian puppetry has fallen out of favour with the younger generations”可知，学习木偶戏的年轻
50、人数量在“减少”。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于社会经济的变化改变了他们的生活方式，并且掌握复杂的表演技巧需要很长时间的训练，学习木偶戏的年轻人的数量在减少。A. expressing表达；B. consuming消耗，消费；C. transforming变换，改变；D. confirming确认。根据“socioeconomic changes”可知，社会经济变化“改变”了年轻人的生活方式。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于社会经济的变化改变了他们的生活方式，并且掌握复杂的表演技巧需要长时间的训练，学习木偶戏的年轻人的数量在减少。A. devoted专
51、心，献身；B. spent花费，度过；C. required需要；D. cost花费。根据空后“to master the sophisticated (复杂的) performing techniques”可知，掌握复杂的表演技巧“需要”长时间的训练。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，有关社区，团体和传授者制作出20082020培养下一代福建木偶艺人的计划。A. concerned有关的，关心的；B. concrete具体的；C. confident自信的；D. convenient方便的。上文提到木偶戏不再受到年轻人的喜爱，所以此处指“有关”社区、团体和传授者对此
52、制作了应对计划。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键目标是保护福建木偶戏的传播和提供专业的训练来培养新一代木偶戏艺人。A. chance机会；B. interest兴趣；C. goal目标；D. problem问题。根据上文“communities, groups and bearers (传授者) worked out the 2008-2020 Strategy”可知，此处指这个计划的“目标”。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键目标是保护福建木偶戏的传播和提供专业的训练来培养新一代木偶戏艺人。A. learning学习；B. spreading传播；C.
53、performing表演；D. training训练。上文提到“for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners”，所以此处指提供专业的“训练”。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了木偶戏艺人，当地人和教育机构的广泛参与，福建木偶戏预期会有一个更光明的未来。A. comprehension理解；B. participation参与；C. companion陪伴；D. organization组织。此处指木偶戏艺人，当地人和教育机构的广泛“参与”。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析
54、。句意：有了木偶戏艺人，当地人和教育机构的广泛参与，福建木偶戏预期会有一个更光明的未来。A. produce产生；B. expect期望，预期；C. select选择；D. observe观察。根据“With the wide _19_ of practitioners, local people and education institutions”可知，木偶戏“预期”有一个更光明的未来。故选B项。第四部分 阅读理解AMEMORANDUM (备忘录)To: All members of the sales departmentFrom: Annette DerringerRe: Year-e
55、nd partyDate: November 26-This is just a quick note to let you all know the arrangements for next months year-end party. As you know, the party will be held at the Green Vale Country Club, which we have reserved between 7:30 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. on the evening of December 21st. Ive received replies f
56、rom almost all of you confirming attendance, but if you havent let me know yet, please do so in the next day or two. Tickets for all employees have been covered by the company.The Green Vale manager has asked me to explain one or two things to those of you who have not been there before. Basically,
57、there is sufficient parking space for only 100 vehicles, so they would like to ask those of you planning to drive, try to car-pool as much as possible. Also, the number of lockers available is small, so guests should try to keep belongings to a minimum.Thanks in advance.AnnetteTo: Annette Derringer
58、From: Kyle BerwickDate: Nov 28Subject: Year-end party-Annette,This is to let you know that I will be able to attend the year-end party at the Green Vale Country Club on the 21st although I dont think I will be able to arrive before 8:30. I was wondering if it would also be possible to bring a couple
59、 of guests. I know it is a bit of a last minute request, but my brother and his wife are planning to visit us at that time, and I know theyd love to see the Green Vale. If it is not a problem, then can you let me know how much I should pay for their tickets? Also, assuming this is OK, I was planning
60、 to drive down in a single car, to reduce the need for parking and also to allow us to keep our belongings in the car.I have a couple of days off before the party, but Ill be in my office until the 17th, so could you get back to me before then? Thanks a lot,Kyle36. Whats the main purpose of the memo
61、randum?A. To explain the arrangement for an event.B. To encourage people to travel by car.C. To ask for help arranging a party.D. To thank people for attending the party.37. Why does Kyle Berwick write to Annette Derringer? Because he wants to _.A. ask the price of movie ticketsB. explain why he can
62、not come to the partyC. request directions to a hotelD. ask if he may bring guests to the party38. What can we infer from the passage?A. The manager of the Green Vale doesnt hope they go there by car.B. Annette takes charge of the arrangement of year-end party.C. They can take as many belongings as
63、they can with them when going to the Green Vale.D. Kyle Berwick wont bring the guests to go to the party if he has to pay the tickets.【答案】36. A 37. D 38. B【解析】这是两篇应用文。第一个是公司发的备忘录，提醒员工关于年会的相关事宜，第二个是职员的回信，咨询一些额外事情。【36题详解】推理判断题。由整个备忘录以及第一段的第一句话“This is just a quick note to let you all know the arrangem
64、ents for next months year-end party.”可知，这个备忘录是让大家知道下个月举行的年会的安排。相当于跟大家解释一项活动的安排，故选A。【37题详解】推理判断题。结合第二封信件里的“I know it is a bit of a last minute request, but my brother and his wife are planning to visit us at that time, and I know theyd love to see the Green Vale.”可知，Kyle Berwick知道这个请求有点晚，但是他的兄弟和妻子在那个
65、时候来，他们也想去。所以，可以判断，他是在询问是否可以带客人来。故选D。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据备忘录里的内容Basically, there is sufficient parking space for only 100 vehicles, so they would like to ask those of you planning to drive, try to car-pool as much as possible. 可知，the Green Vale方面建议开车去的人最好拼车，并没有提及经理不允许开车，所以排除A项；根据From: Annette Derringer和Iv
66、e received replies from almost all of you confirming attendance, but if you havent let me know yet, please do so in the next day or two.可知，备忘录是Annette发的，而且她希望其他人能告知她是否能够确认参加，可以推断相关事务是由她来负责；根据Also, the number of lockers available is small, so guests should try to keep belongings to a minimum.可知，由于the
67、 Green Vale储物柜数量有限，所以建议大家尽量少带东西，而不是多带，所以排除C项。由第二则信函If it is not a problem, then can you let me know how much I should pay for their tickets?可知，Kyle Berwick愿意就另外邀请的客人而付门票，不是不愿意，所以排除D项。故选B。BElephant seals in funny-looking hats are helping NASA study climate science. Equipped with specialized sensors t
68、hat resemble tiny metal hats with antennae(大线），these seals are collecting data thats helping researchers track how heat moves through ocean currents. A team of climate scientists led by Lia Siegelman used this clever technique to track changes in temperature as the seal swam the icy waters of the An
69、tarctic.With the help of one particularly female seal,the researchers discovered that heat stored at the oceans depths can sometimes get swirled(打旋）back up to the surface thanks to some deeply penetrating(穿透）currents.While researchers have known that these currents can ferry heat downward into the o
70、ceans interior(内部），the new findings suggest the opposite is true as well-driving a process that can warm the seas surface as well.Siegelman thinks its important to include this new information into existing climate models.Before seals entered the picture,scientists had a pretty limited view of what
71、went on beneath the surface of the Southern Ocean.Here,temperatures can suddenly fall below1,and thick sheets of sea ice block instruments from collecting data.All in all,its a pretty unappealing area for underwater field work.But none of that troubles southern elephant seals,which spend nine to ten
72、 months of each year at sea,swimming thousands of miles and diving up to half a mile beneath the ocean surface-usually about 80 times a day.So Siegelman and her colleagues tagged a female elephant seal on the Kerguelen Islands.The researchers followed her 3,000-mile journey,during which she dived 6,
73、333 times.Even when they sleep,they dive,Siegelman said.“They float down like a leaf. Combined with satellite images,the wealth of data the seal recovered gave Siegelman and her team a clearer picture than theyd ever been afforded before.Its probably safe to say that the significance of this was los
74、t on the seal.But from the human perspective(观点），its clear seals are filling in some massive gaps in knowledge.39. How did the researchers collect climate data in the Antarctic?A. By testing a high-tech hat.B. By studying a seals behavior.C. By measuring the water temperature.D. By attaching a senso
75、r to a seals head.40. The new findings indicate that_A. ocean currents can drive heat up to the surfaceB. heat can be taken down into the oceans interiorC. the warm temperatures can help seals dive deepD. the worlds waters can balance global warming41. The researchers used seals to monitor the South
76、ern Ocean probably because.A. the scenery is unattractiveB. the sea floor is changeableC. seals are aggressive huntersD. seals are extraordinary divers42. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Seals help us observe the unknown world.B. Satellites are used to track human activities.C. The o
77、cean presents a more beautiful picture.D. Data are analyzed for better survival of seals.【答案】39. D 40. A 41. D 42. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了海豹正在帮助美国宇航局研究气候科学，并解释了为何海豹能承担此重任的原因。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Equipped with specialized sensors that resemble tiny metal hats with antennae(大线），these seals are collecting data
78、 thats helping researchers track how heat moves through ocean currents.可知，这些海豹身上装备有特殊的传感器，这些传感器类似带天线的微型金属帽，它们正在收集数据，帮助研究人员追踪热量如何通过洋流流动。由此可知，研究人员通过在海豹头上安装传感器来收集南极的气候数据。故选D。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段,the researchers discovered that heat stored at the oceans depths can sometimes get swirled(打旋）back up to the s
79、urface thanks to some deeply penetrating(穿透）currents.可知，研究人员发现，由于一些深入海底的洋流，储存在海洋深处的热量有时会回流到表面。由此可知，新的发现表明洋流可以把热量带到海面。故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段But none of that troubles southern elephant seals, which spend nine to ten months of each year at sea, swimming thousands of miles and diving up to half a mile
80、 beneath the ocean surface-usually about 80 times a day.可知，但是这些都没有影响到南方的象海豹，它们每年有9到10个月的时间在海洋里，游数千英里，潜入海洋表面下半英里通常一天大约80次。由此可推知，研究人员使用海豹来监测南大洋，可能是因为海豹是非凡的潜水员。故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段.But from the human perspective(观点），its clear seals are filling in some massive gaps in knowledge.可知，但是从人类的角度来看，很明显海豹正在填
81、补知识上的巨大空白。由此可推知，海豹能帮助我们观察未知的世界。 故选A。C“New and improved. “These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked. But many new drugs arent an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition, and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have adde
82、d to the uncertainty about their advantages.A recent report in the British Medical Journal, “New Drugs: Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better? “Analyzed the issue. The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017:152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approve
83、d for new uses. Only 25%offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58%had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.“This doesnt mean theres no added benefit, “lead author Wissler said. “It just means we have no positive proof. E
84、ither we have no studies or have studies not good enough. “Wissler and her co-authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the countrys health care system should pay a premium(补贴)for them. Such organizations, known as health technology assessment(HTA)agen
85、cies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunisia researcher in Baltimore: “If payers think a new drug isnt better than an existing drug, these agencies will require that hospitals try the cheaper drug first.”Germanys HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing sta
86、ndard. This isnt always practical. For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success. Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where ther
87、e are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases.This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wisslers paper. With accelerated approval, there are more products approved, with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions
88、 besides drug trials. One idea is to require postmarked studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugsa step too often neglected.43. What message does the recent report convey?A. Improved drugs have advantages over old ones.B. Many new drugs have no improved advantages.C. Before 2017 no
89、improvement was made to drugs.D. The approval processes for new drugs are too fast.44. What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs?A. Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs.B. Remove government premium on them.C. Arrange financial support for the patients.D. Put new drugs on
90、 further trials and studies.45. Whats the disadvantage of Germanys HTA trial demands?A. Getting patients to depend on the government for support.B. Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost.C. Holding companies back from improving existing drugs.D. Pushing companies to try alternatives
91、 for existing drugs.46. What is the best title for the text?A. The Advantage of Existing DrugsB A Dilemma with New Drug AlternativesC. Misunderstanding of New and Old DrugsD. Peoples Preference for New or Old Drug【答案】43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B【解析】本文是一篇议论文。英国一项研究表明,与传统药物相比,市面上不断推出的新药大部分并不具有新的疗效。作者分析其中原因
92、并指出，因为相关机构的要求,加上新药耗时费钱,因此药品公司干脆转向研究罕见病的药品,而不是对已有的药品进行改良。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Only 25%offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58%had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.”英国医学期刊的一篇报道说，对2011到2017年上市的药品的研究发现，其中58%的新药与已有的药物相比
93、，没有任何得到证实的新增加的药效。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Such organizations, known as health technology assessment(HTA)agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunisia researcher in Baltimore: “If payers think a new drug isnt better than an existing drug, these agencies will require that hospitals
94、try the cheaper drug first.”可知，美国的卫生技术评估机构的功能与德国不同，如果付费方(病人)认为某种新药不比已有的药品更好，那么“他们(评估机构)就会要求医院先试用便宜一些的药品”，故推断选A。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Germanys HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isnt always practical. For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time
95、-consuming, with no guarantee of success. Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives.”可知，德国卫生技术评估机构要求有药物试验来证实改良后的新药比原先的药品更好，这需要大量的金钱和时间，因此不利于公司对已有药品进行提升，这就鼓励了药品开发者关注没有同类药品来竞争的领域，比如罕见病的治疗。故推断选C。【46题详解】主旨大意题。全文讲述药品研发的窘境。传统药物的更新未必有新的疗效（见第三段），即使有新疗效，相关机构的费求使这个更新过程漫
96、长且费用高（见第四段），于是很多药企开始转向研究罕见病的新药，这就使已有药品的更新面临窘境。故选B。DThe British government declared that a proper piece of work was being carried out to look into the possibility of linking Scotland to Northern Ireland via a bridge spanning the Irish Sea. At the moment the leading candidates for the locations of the
97、 route are Portpatrick on the Scottish coast and Larne on the Northern Irish coast.Length aside, there are a number of other significant challenges that such an enormous project would raise. For example, theres the depth of the sea, which at times reaches 300 metres, and the large spans that would b
98、e required to let any ships pass under the bridge safely, explained Ian Firth, a structural engineer at the Institution of Civil Engineers.One solution might be to use floating foundations. he said. You have a floating pontoon(水上浮台) held below the surface of the water.You still have to get down ther
99、e and drill holes in the rock down below, but youre now just tying it down with some cables. Then the floating platform is held below the waves-you dont want it at the surface because then youre getting wave action and tidal action. You stand your bridge structures on those floating platforms. Thats
100、 the sort of thing that potentially could be doable. Even so, such a structure would still leave those travelling across it at the mercy of high winds and heavy rain, even taking into account any weather shielding measures that could be fitted. However, there may be another solution.Theres another t
101、ype of floating structure, a submerged(水下的) floating tunnel. Its not through the rock but under the water, said Firth. You attach it down, shall we say 20 metres below the water, so that ships can go happily across the top of it, but the thing is actually floating. If youre in your car, youre drivin
102、g, in effect, through a tunnel. That is a very interesting, and I think really quite potentially practical solution. But its early days and there are many factors to consider, such as the ability of the transport links either side of the crossing to cope with additional traffic, and the fact that it
103、 may be more efficient to upgrade the existing ferry infrastructure, before any kind of design work could begin.At the moment it is an idea and not much more than that. To begin with, wed need a pre-feasibility study which looks at what the options are so that we can actually frame the range of a fe
104、asibility(可行性) study, said Firth, After that people like me could go away and turn over what the options are. I believe its possible. But possible and affordable are two different things. Im not trying to put numbers to it, but it is eye-wateringly expensive, and nothing like it has been attempted b
105、efore. But were in the business of finding solutions to challenges. We civil structural engineers are good at that kind of thing. 47. From Paragraphs 1 and 2, engineers may focus efforts on the _ of the bridge-to-be.A. costB. locationC. structureD. reliability48. What might be the major drawback to
106、the first solution?A. It is impossible to build a bridge on floating platforms.B. It takes much labor to tie floating platforms with cables.C. Wave and tidal action can easily destroy floating platforms.D. Traffic flow will be subject to severe weather conditions.49. What can we learn from Firths wo
107、rds in the last paragraph?A. Bridge construction is more of an assumption than a detailed plan.B. Engineers have reached a consensus on the feasibility of the project.C. They are trying to update the structural design to control costs.D. Previous similar attempts do help them draw up a feasible plan
108、.50. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Why not float?B. A bridge too far?C. Overlooking the Irish SeaD. Meeting new Scottish friends【答案】47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。本文是以英国一个巨大的、具有挑战性的桥梁项目贯穿全文的，全文都在谈论如何从架构上设计桥梁。但目前这只是一个想法，还没有具体的细节计划。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的For examp
109、le, theres the depth of the sea, which at times reaches 300 metres, and the large spans that would be required to let any ships pass under the bridge safely, explained Ian Firth, a structural engineer at the Institution of Civil Engineers.( 土木工程学会的结构工程师Ian Firth说，例如，海水的深度有时可以达到300米，大桥的跨度需要让任何船只安全通过)
110、 可知，工程师要考虑水深、大跨度等问题，这些都是与桥梁的结构有直接关系。C. structure(结构)符合以上说法，故选C 项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的Even so, such a structure would still leave those travelling across it at the mercy of high winds and heavy rain可知，这样的一种结构会让穿越它的人们受到大风和暴雨的影响，即第一种解决方案没有考虑恶劣天气情况对交通的影响。 D. Traffic flow will be subject to severe weath
111、er conditions.(交通流畅性将受到恶劣天气的影响)符合以上说法，故选D 项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的At the moment it is an idea and not much more than that. (目前这只是一个想法，仅此而已。)可知，目前此次桥梁建设项目还只是一个假设。 A. Bridge construction is more of an assumption than a detailed plan.(桥梁的建设更多的是一种假设，而不是一个详细的计划)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一
112、段的The British government declared that a proper piece of work was being carried out to look into the possibility of linking Scotland to Northern Ireland via a bridge spanning the Irish Sea.( 英国政府宣布了一项“适当的工作”正在进行，其目的是调查将苏格兰和北爱尔兰通过一座横跨爱尔兰海的大桥连接起来的可能性)和最后一段的At the moment it is an idea and not much more
113、 than that. ( 目前这只是一个想法，仅此而已。)可知，本文是以英国一个巨大的、具有挑战性的桥梁项目贯穿全文的，全文都在谈论如何从架构上设计桥梁。但目前这只是一个想法，还没有具体的细节计划。B. A bridge too far?( 一座桥还远吗？ )可以作为本文标题，故选B项。 第五部分 七选五Leonardo da Vinci and NatureIn the modern world art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardos time they were closely connecte
114、d. Science meant mathematics and medical studies._51_Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in r
115、elationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct._52_Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers._53_More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all t
116、hings in the world, including music, and he said that “without them nothing can be done.”“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote Leonardo. In all his activities, Leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very careful
117、ly at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas._54_ His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature._55_ His q
118、uick little sketches, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for $12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.A. Leonardo was
119、always drawing.B. How could these be connected with art?C. Leonardo was also an influential philosopher.D. Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.E. Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.F. Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an
120、 instrument and sing.G. You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of The Last Supper.【答案】51. B 52. G 53. F 54. E 55. A【解析】 这是一篇科普说明文。通过对达芬奇与自然是如何结合起来进行艺术创作这一事件进行以下方面的说明：数学、音乐与艺术的关系，以及自然与艺术的关系。 【51题详解】 空格前面两句，由但是引导的句子提示我们，在里奥拉多时代，科学与艺术紧密相连。科学意味着数学和医学研究， but in Leonardos time the
121、y were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. 那他们是如何紧密联系在一起的呢？这样看来 B选项How could these be connected with art?那这些是如何与艺术紧密相联系的呢？这是西方作者行文的特点即渐进式重复主题，切合题意。故选B。 【52题详解】 He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the sc
122、ene looked correct.从空格前面这句里面的place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting.把所画的事物在一幅画里面彼此之间的位置关系安排的妥妥的。这里读出两点信息：一是in a drawing or painting.一是place things.根据这两点信息可以推出答案里面必须要有一幅画和位置的描述。G选项刚好切合此意： You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of The Last Supper.你
123、会看到一个好的例子，就是有这样一幅画最后的晚餐里人物位置的安排。故选G。 【53题详解】 本段描述的是与音乐有关的话题，数学与音乐的关系。因此可以推出达芬奇也应该熟悉并精通音乐。F选项与此意切合：Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing. 里奥拉多他自己就是一个非常优秀的音乐家，喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌。故选F。 【54题详解】 在空格前面的描述中可以得知：达芬奇在他探寻这些规则的时候，他认真仔细地观察大量的实例和细节。实践经历比起他自己的意见更重要，然后他经常通过事实得出观点
124、。他的目的是考量这个世界，以便于能够把它复制在自己美丽的图画和雕塑中。通过对上文的理解，达芬奇做这些的最终目的是为了画画和创作。那么答案中必定有表示目的这一选项供我们选择。或者说在描述前面这么多细节后，再接着描述他到底想要做什么。因此E 选项切合题意：Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.最重要的是，里奥拉多想要理解事物是如何运作的，又为什么会这么运作。故选E。 【55题详解】 根据空格后面两句话的结构可以看出：他的小速写，更多的认真的画画，会用一支钢笔和尺在桌子旁边完成。然后讲他的一幅小速写卖了多
125、少钱，是当今世界上最贵的一幅画。空格在这一段的开头处，可以得出答案一定会有一个总起的作用的结论，就是要为后面所说的两件事情都与画画有关。能够充当此角色的只有A选项切合此意： Leonardo was always drawing. 里奥拉多总是画画。故选A。 语法填空For schools in the New York City, this school year was met by a particular reform issue. It began in June of 2018, when, as part of an effort to fight the enduring pr
126、oblem of segregation(种族隔离), Mayor Bill de Blasio announced his intention _56_the testing requirement should be discontinued for admission to the citys eight selective “lite” high schools. Then, late last month, the Advisory Group released a report _57_ (suggest) that the city rethink its entire appr
127、oach _58_identifying and educating high-achieving children. More accurately, it recommended replacing the gifted-and-talented programs with new initiatives _59_ challenge premature children without relying on a test or academic tracking. However, Asian-American parents fearing that the proposed chan
128、ge _60_(disadvantage) their children filed a lawsuit to block it.Testing holds great attraction _61_ it is neutral, indifferent to a students background and wealth. But this is not _62_the current system functions. Success is closely related to socioeconomic advantages and access to test preparation
129、. For example, Asian-American students tend _63_(rate) lower on the most subjective parts of college admissions evaluations.Its not clear what the result of the current debate will be. One thing, however, is certain: the competition for places at New York chools _64_(drive), in part, by a lack of fa
130、ith in the quality of education in other parts of the system. Also, it is seen as a conflict between different social groups fighting for a system in which their children are _65_(likely) to be restricted by discrimination.【答案】56. that 57. suggesting 58. to 59. which 60. would disadvantage 61. becau
131、se 62. how 63. to be rated 64. is driven 65. the least likely【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于纽约市的学校来说，本学年遇到的一个特殊的改革问题。【56题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：市长Bill de Blasio宣布，他打算取消该市八所“精英高中”的考试要求。分析句子结构，设空处引导同位语从句，作intention的同位语，从句是该名词的具体内容，从句不缺成分，用连接词that引导。故填that。【57题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上个月底，该咨询小组发布了一份报告，建议纽约市重新思考其识别和教育优秀儿童的整个方法。分析
132、句子结构，已有谓语动词released，设空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词report。report和suggest为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填suggesting。【58题详解】考查介词。句意：上个月底，该咨询小组发布了一份报告，建议纽约市重新思考其识别和教育优秀儿童的整个方法。approach to为固定搭配，意为“的方法”。故填to。【59题详解】考查定语从句。句意：更准确地说，它建议用新的举措取代那些天赋异禀的项目，这些举措可以在不依赖考试或学术追踪的情况下挑战早产儿。分析句子结构，设空处引导定语从句，从句缺少主语，需用关系代词引导，先行词是initiatives，指物，需
133、用关系代词which。故填which。【60题详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，亚裔美国家长担心这项提议的改变会对他们的孩子不利，于是提起诉讼阻止这项改变。此处指从过去看将要发生的事情，所以用过去将来时。故填would disadvantage。【61题详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：考试之所以具有巨大的吸引力，是因为它是中性的，与学生的背景和财富无关。此处表示原因，需用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。【62题详解】考查表语从句。句意：但这不是当前系统的运作方式。Is为系动词，设空处引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需用连接副词how引导。故填how。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词
134、。句意：例如，亚裔美国学生在大学录取评估中最主管的部分往往得分较低。tend to do sth.为固定短语，意为“倾向于做某事”。此处句子的主语students和rate之间是被动关系，需用不定式的被动形式。故填to be rated。【64题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：纽约学校的入学竞争部分是由于对教育系统其他部分的教育质量缺乏信心。此处陈述客观事实，句子使用一般现在时，主语competition和谓语动词drive之间是被动关系，使用一般现在时的被动语态。其基本构成形式是：am/is/are+done。主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is driven。【65题详解】
135、考查形容词最高级。句意：这被看作是不同社会群体之间的冲突，他们在为一个他们的孩子最不可能受到歧视的制度而斗争。结合语境，设空处意为“最不可能的”，此处形容词likely应使用形容词最高级。故填the least likely。【点睛】语法填空侧重于考查对于语法的把握，做题时要注意对句法进行分析，找到主句的谓语动词，分清主句和从句，或者看一下设空处需要填谓语动词还是非谓语动词。例如第4小题考查的就是定语从句，分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为，再分析先行词在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词initiatives
136、带到从句中可知，在从句中作主语，并且指物，确定填关系代词which。第七部分 基础知识运用第一节 单词拼写66. Despite the power cuts,the hospital continued to f_(正常运转)normally.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】function【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管停电，医院仍继续正常运转。分析句子结构，continue to do为固定用法，意为“继续做”，设空处需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式，function意为“正常运转”。故填function。67. To keep fit,youd better make exe
137、rcise a part of your daily r_(常规). .(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】routine【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：为了保持健康，你最好让锻炼成为你日常生活的一部分。分析句子结构，daily为形容词，作定语修饰名词，设空处需填名词“常规”，routine意为“常规”。故填routine。68. Due to the outbreak of Covid-19,buses do not run so f_(频繁)between the city and the airport. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】frequently【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：由
138、于新冠疫情，从市中心开往机场的大巴的班次不那么多了。修饰动词run用副词，frequently表示“频繁地”，故填frequently。69. No one could have believed that Zhang Jiacheng,the one-armed teenager,would one day wow the world on the basketball court by means of s_(社交)media. .(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】social【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：没有人曾经相信Zhang Jiacheng，一个独臂少年，有一天会通过社交
139、媒体的方式在篮球场上让世界惊叹。根据设空后的名词media可知，设空处要用形容词。故填social。【点睛】70. Nowadays people in China are encouraged to run a street stall(摊位)to p_(促进)the economy. .(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】promote【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在中国人被鼓励在街上摆摊以促进经济发展。分析句子结构，句子已有谓语动词are encouraged，设空处需填非谓语动词作状语，promote意为“促进”，结合语境可知，设空处作目的状语，需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式。
140、故填promote。71. Its so c_(方便)to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I purchase something. .(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】convenient【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：在我买东西之前，能够对比来自不同网店的商品的质量和价格是如此方便。根据句意可知，此处考查固定句型it +be+adj to do sth,，意为“做某事是怎样的”，所以设空处要填形容词。故填convenient。【点睛】72. We all sh
141、ould take an_(乐观)attitude to peoples willingness to help others.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】optimistic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们都应该对人们乐于助人持乐观态度。修饰名词attitude用形容词，optimistic表示“乐观的”，故填optimistic。73. Three mountains,Meili,Baimang and Haba,t_over the land,are covered with snow.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】towering【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这三座拔地而起
142、的高山-梅里、白芒和哈巴白雪皑皑。根据句意，空处所填词为tower的某种形式，分析句子可知， Three mountains,Meili,Baimang and Haba与tower在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填towering。74. Surely,it doesnt matter where they get their money from:what c_is what they do with it. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】counts【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当然，他们的钱从哪里来并不重要：重要的是他们用这些钱做了什么。分析句子结构，wha
143、t引导的主语从句缺少谓语动词，结合语境可知，此处需填动词“重要”，count意为“重要”。根据is可知，此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语为连接代词what，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填counts。75. We also had different students in some classes,so it was a s_for me to remember all the faces and names. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】struggle【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们有些班也有不同的学生，所以对我来说要记住所有的面孔和名字是一件难事。分析句子结构，不定冠词
144、a修饰单数可数名词，设空处需填名词“难事”，struggle意为“难事”。故填struggle。76. Since teenagers have difficulty_(平衡)these needs,they often question who they are and how they fit in society. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】balancing【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于青少年很难平衡这些需求，他们经常会质疑自己是谁，以及自己如何融入社会。Have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定用法，设空处需填动名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，bal
145、ance意为“平衡”，其动名词形式是balancing。故填balancing。77. Well live with the local people in their villages,and eat and drink whatever they do,i_cows blood. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】including【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词。句意：我们会和当地人住在他们的村子里，不管他们吃什么喝什么，我们也一样，包括牛血。分析句子成分可知，句中用and并列了三个谓语动词live,eat和drink，用whatever引导宾语从句，无其他连词，所以设空处的“包括”应该选择
146、介词词性。故填including。【点睛】78. The best times to visit Shangri-la are spring and autumn when the temperature is at its m_.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】mildest【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：参观香格里拉的最佳时间是春秋两季，那时气温最温和。根据单词首字母以及汉语意思表示“处于最温和的状态”短语为at ones mildest。故填mildest。79. Activities all take place under the_(指导)of an experienced teac
147、her. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】guidance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的活动都在有经验的老师的指导下进行。分析句子结构，定冠词the修饰名词，设空处需填名词“指导”，guidance意为“指导”。under the guidance of为固定短语，意为“在的指导下”。故填guidance。80. She is good at physics_(尽管)the fact that it is boring. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】despite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管事实上物理学很无聊，但她还是很擅长于物理学的。这里尽管用介词despite“ 尽管”后接名词
148、作宾语。故填despite。第二节 根据所给汉语意思完成句子81. On February 11,2020,another medical team_(由组成)16 doctors and nurses from Yancheng went to Huangshi county in Wuhan.(根据汉语意思填空)【答案】made up of/composed of【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年2月11日，另一支由盐城16名医护人员组成的医疗队前往武汉黄石县。be made up of /be composed of表示“由组成”，此处去掉be作后置定语修饰another
149、medical team，故填made up of/composed of。82. In this peaceful land,people live_(与和谐相处)nature,far away from the noise and worry of the outside. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】in harmony with【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在这片宁静的土地上，人们与大自然和谐相处，远离外界的噪音和烦恼。根据汉语意思“与和谐相处”可知短语为in harmony with。故填in harmony with。83. Study step by step,and ne
150、ver_(上当受骗)the idea that youll succeed overnight. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】fall for【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：循序渐进地学习，不要以为自己能一蹴而就。根据汉语意思“上当受骗”可知短语为fall for，且根据上文Study step by step,and never可知此处为祈使句，句首单词应用原形。故填fall for。84. Yang Liweis name will_(载入史册)with those of Yuri Gagarin and Alan Shepard. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】go down in h
151、istory/be recorded in history【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：杨利伟的名字会同尤里加加林和艾伦谢泼德一并载入史册。分析句子可知，空处是句子的谓语部分，结合汉语提示可知，“载入史册”使用固定短语“go down in history”表达，也可使用短语“record sth. in history”，此时需使用被动语态，will后接动词原形，故填go down in history/be recorded in history。85. Dont give up the things_(属于)you and keep those lost things in mem
152、ory. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】belonging to【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：属于自己的东西，不要放弃，已经失去的，留作回忆。根据汉语意思“属于”可知短语为belong to，且分析句子结构可知belong在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语things构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填belonging to。86. Blaming China will not end this pandemic._(相反),the mind-set risks hurting our efforts to fight the disease. (根据汉语意思填空)【答
153、案】On the contrary /Contrarily /Quite the contrary /Quite the opposite【解析】【详解】考查副词/固定短语。句意：责备中国不能结束这场流行病。相反，这种思维定势有伤害我们抗击疾病的努力的风险。空处在句中作状语，结合汉语提示可知，“相反”可用副词“contrarily”或者固定短语“on the contrary /quite the contrary /quite the opposite”表达，注意首字母大写，故填On the contrary /Contrarily /Quite the contrary /Quite th
154、e opposite。87. Taxi drivers in this area will refuse to transport passengers who ignore the sign and _(坚持) smoking inside the taxi. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】insist on【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：该地区的出租车司机将拒绝搭载无视标志并坚持在出租车内吸烟的乘客。根据汉语意思“坚持”可知短语为insist on，结合上文并列谓语 ignore the sign and可知为一般现在时，谓语动词与先行词passengers 保持一致，应用动词
155、原形。故填insist on。88. Old people say they are old now and have to_(让路)the young generation. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】make way for /give way to【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：老年人说他们现在老了，必须给年轻一代让路。根据汉语意思“让路”可知短语为make way for /give way to，结合上文为短语have to do sth.。故填make way for /give way to。89. Knowing_(如何吸引)to customers is the sec
156、ret to successful selling. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】how to appeal【解析】【详解】考查疑问词+不定式结构。句意：知道如何吸引顾客是成功销售的秘诀。根据汉语提示，设空处需填：如何吸引，how意为“如何”，appeal意为“吸引”，在本题中，动词不定式可以和疑问词how连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中充当know的宾语。故填how to appeal。90. _(失落的文明)means ancient buildings,cultures and countries that no longer exist. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】Lost civil
157、ization【解析】【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：失落的文明意味着不再存在的古建筑、文化和国家。分析句子结构，设空处需填名词作主语。Civilization意为“文明”，lost意为“失落的”，是形容词，作定语修饰名词。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Lost civilization。91. 她在当地的一所高中受教育，此后，她去了北大。She was educated at a local high school,_she went on to Beijing University.(根据中文提示填空)【答案】after which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她在当地的一所高中受教育
158、，此后，她去了北大。根据中英文提示，需要翻译的设空部分是：此后。介词after意为“在之后”。分析句子成分可知，逗号后为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，引导词置于介词after之后，指代“在当地一所高中接受教育这件事”，在定语从句中作介词after的宾语，需用which引导。故填after which。92. 成为好的听众不仅仅意味着只用耳朵听。_a good listener_much_just listening with ears. (根据中文提示填空)【答案】 (1). Being (2). means (3). more than【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词时态和主
159、谓一致以及固定短语。句意：成为好的听众不仅仅意味着只用耳朵听。根据中英文提示，需要翻译的设空部分为：成为、意味着和不仅仅。Be意为“成为”，mean意为“意味着”，more than为固定短语，意为“不仅仅”。分析句子结构，mean为句子的谓语动词，be位于句首，需用动名词形式作主语，整个句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填Being；means；more than。93. 男孩和女孩在这方面往往有所不同。Boys and girls_be different_.(根据中文提示填空)【答案】 (1). tend to (2). in this re
160、gard【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态、动词短语和形容词短语。句意：男孩和女孩在这方面往往有所不同。根据句意可知，此处描述一般规律，应该用一般现在时；句中表达的“往往”要用到固定短语tend to，意为“有的倾向”，在句中充当谓语动词；分析句子成分和结构可知，句子主语boys and girls为复数，所以谓语动词tend to用原形；“在方面不同”要用短语be different in来表示；方面用regard表示。故填tend toin this regard。【点睛】94. 但有一点可以肯定的是，“木乃伊的诅咒”至今仍是个谜。_,though,_the curse of mummy_a
161、 riddle to this day. (根据中文提示填空)【答案】 (1). What is certain (2). is that (3). remains【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句和动词时态。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物应用what引导，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，句中谓语动词应用单数is；且后文is后跟表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故应用that引导，从句中主语为，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填What is certain，is that和remains。95. 由于青少年在平衡这些需要时有困难，他们经常质疑自己到底是谁以及怎样融入社会。S
162、ince teenagers have difficulty balancing these needs,they often question who they are and how they_.(根据中文提示填空)【答案】fit in society【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：由于青少年在平衡这些需要时有困难，他们经常质疑自己到底是谁以及怎样融入社会。根据中英文提示，需要翻译的设空部分为：融入社会。fit in为固定短语，意为“适应”，society意为“社会”；根据have和are可知，此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词需用原形。故填fit in society。
