1、课时作业二十二A(全员必做)(时间：45分钟满分：100分).选词并用其适当形式填空potential，politics，considerate，substitute，advocate，adopt，sacrifice，principle，construct，condemn1The girl is always polite and considerate to her customers，which earns her a good reputation.2The police advocated that children should stay at home apart from goi
2、ng to school by bus.3It is not worth sacrificing your health for your career.4It is reported that the new airport is still under construction5The UN is seeking a political solution rather than a military one.6The course teaches you the theory but there is no substitute for practical experience.7All
3、children should be encouraged to realize their full potential8At last，the police decided to，adopting a hunters means，trap the lion in a trap.9It is reported that the murderer was_condemned to death.10Stick to your principle and tell him you wont do it.完成句子1A lion from_the_natural_reserve (来自自然保护区) b
4、roke_away_from_(逃脱) the cage and fled and it led_to (导致) a panic among people.2The lion beyond_control (失去控制) is believed to be very dangerous and may_threaten_peoples_lives (可能会威胁人们的生命)3When you come across some new words，you_can_refer_to_the_dictionary (你可以查字典)4Given_that_she_is_interested_in_chil
5、dren (考虑到她喜欢孩子)，I am sure teaching is the right career for her.5Im here on_behalf_of (代表) my class to give you a speech.联句成篇(选用练习、中的句子，根据语篇中的提示加以改写，完成语篇翻译)一头自然保护区的狮子逃出笼子的消息引起了人们的恐慌(用同位语从句)。因为人们认为失去控制的狮子非常危险并且会威胁到人们的生命。警方倡导孩子们除了乘公交车上学外，其他时间应留在家里。最后，警方决定用猎人的方式设陷阱诱捕狮子。答案The_news_that_a_lion_from_the_na
6、tural_reserve_broke_away_from_the_cage_and_fled_led_to_a_panic_among_people.Because_the_lion_beyond_control_is_believed_to_be_very_dangerous_and_may_threaten_peoples_lives.The_police_advocated_that_children_should_stay_at_home_apart_from_going_to_school_by_bus.At_last，the_police_decided_to_adopt_a_h
7、unters_means_of_trapping_the_lion_in_a_trap.阅读理解AWorldwide，at least onethird of all food produced is wasted every year.With an extra two billion mouths to feed by 2050，global food waste is an escalating issue that is difficult to ignore.We throw away or waste 1.3 billion tons a year at a cost of $1
8、trillion，according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)In industrialized nations，almost half of the food spoiledroughly 300 million tons yearlyis still fit for consumption.This is more than the total food production of subSaharan Africa，and enough to feed the estimate
9、d 870 million people currently hungry in the world today.The FAO set up a Think.Eat.Save campaign in January 2013 to try to change the way we view food.In partnership with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)，they are trying to reduce food loss along the entire chainfrom farm to fork，boos
10、t awareness both at a household level and at a national level，and help both individuals and organizations to reduce food waste.“This is a complex issue，” said Nick Nuttall，a UNEP spokesperson.“If you do not measure or monitor it，you cant manage it.As travelers become more aware of the challenge and
11、impact of food waste，increasing numbers are likely to choose hotels and restaurants with policies and programmes in place.”In the UK，the governmentfunded recycling programme WRAP has signed up hotels and restaurants for a campaign to reduce food waste，including the Accor Group，Jurys Inn，Red Carnatio
12、n and Travelodge hotel groups.Their aim is to reduce waste by 5% by 2015，which would save estimated 720 million tons a year.People in rich regions，such as in Europe and North America，consume roughly 900kg of food every year，and per capita waste is around 115kg a year，compared to subSaharan Africa an
13、d Southeast Asia，where they only throw away up to 11kg a year，according to the FAO.解题导语本文是一篇说明文。文中用了大量的事实和数据向我们说明了全球日益严重的食物浪费问题，从而告诉我们在应对全球粮食浪费问题的过程中每个人都应该尽自己的一份责任的重要性。1In the first two paragraphs，we can learn that_Aat least onethird of all food produced is wasted annually in the USABglobal food was
14、te is a growing problem that is to deal with without delayCwe waste more than 1.3 trillion tons of food every yearDnearly half of 300 million tons of food wasted is still fit for consumptionB细节理解题。根据文中首段的第二句“With an extra two billion mouths to feed by 2050，global food waste is an escalating issue th
15、at is difficult to ignore”可知，全球粮食浪费问题是一个逐渐加剧的并且不能忽视的问题。故选B。2According to the passage，the campaign Think.Eat.Save is _Aestablished by the UNEP in 2013Bto change the way the food is consumedCset up by the UNEP and FAODto change the way we think of foodD细节理解题。文中第三段提到“The FAO set up a Think.Eat.Save cam
16、paign in January 2013 to try to change the way we view food”可知，联合国粮食与农业组织于2013年1月创建了Think.Eat.Save运动，目的是改变我们对食物的看法。故选D。3The underlined word “it” in the fourth paragraph probably refers to _Athe hotel measureBthe food productionCthe restaurant policy Dthe food wasteD代词指代题。根据上文提到的“This is a complex is
17、sue”可知，食物浪费是一个复杂的问题，此处紧承上文进行论述“如果不对此问题加以调节和监督的话，你们就无法应对它”，故此处it代指上文的“a complex issue”，即“the food waste”。4From the last paragraph we can conclude that _Apeople in poor areas waste less food than those in wealthy areasBper capita waste is 115kg in EuropeCthere is no waste in poor regionsDthere is the
18、least waste in Southeast AsiaA推理判断题。此段提到了在富裕地区，如欧洲和北美，每年大约消耗900公斤食物，人均每年浪费115公斤左右，而在撒哈拉以南非洲地区和东南亚，人们每年只扔掉最多11公斤的食物，由此可推知”贫穷地区的人浪费的食物比富裕地区的少得多”。故选A。BCutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too，new research suggested.Cutting carbon diox
19、ide emissions could save millions of lives，mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases，according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet，British medical journal.“Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles，increasing our chances o
20、f getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives，”US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas.“As greenhouse gas emissions go down，so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases.This is not a sma
21、ll effect.”Instead of looking at the ills caused by future global warming，as past studies have done，this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem，said Linda Birnbaum，director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.Some possible benefits see
22、med highly speculative，the researchers conceded，based on people driving less and walking and cycling more.Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable，such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung (粪便)，charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.And cutting carbon dioxide e
23、missions also makes the air cleaner，reducing lung damage for millions of people，doctors said.“Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change，” said lead author Dr.Paul Wilkinson，an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tr
24、opical Medicine.Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.For example，switching to lowpolluting cars in London and Delhi，India，would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1，700 in Delhi for ever
25、y million residents，one study found.But if people also drove less and walked or biked more，those extra saved years would soar to more than 7，300 years in London and 12，500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.解题导语研究表明减少温室气体排放不仅会使地球变得更健康，同时也会使人们更健康长寿。5What does the passage mainly talk about?A
26、How can people live longer?BCutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives.CGlobal warming threatens peoples lives.DPeople should stop relying on fossil fuels.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了减少二氧化碳排放有助于人们健康长寿，故B项当选。6The new research differs from past studies in that_Ait focuses on the immediate benefits of cutti
27、ng carbon dioxide emissionsBit studies the bad effects arising from future global warmingCit is believed by more peopleDit mainly targets at developing countriesA细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知，新研究与过去的研究的不同之处就在于它关注的是应对问题能取得的迅速成效。故答案为A项。7According to Kathleen Sebelius，_Asometimes it takes years to see the bad effe
28、cts caused by consuming fossil fuelsBwithout greenhouse gas emissions，people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseasesCthe main reason why people get sick is that they rely on fossil fuelsDdeaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissi
29、onsD细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“As greenhouse gas emissions go down，so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases.”可知，温室气体的排放与心血管和呼吸道疾病导致的死亡关系密切，故答案为D项。8It can be inferred from the passage that_ALondon and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissionsBswitching to l
30、owpolluting cars would save 160 lives in London each yearCwalking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart diseaseDattacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictoryC推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可推知，多步行和多骑车，而不是开车，会减少患心脏病的几率。故选C项。.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正
31、确形式。Ive been working on a legacy letter about Mom which includes memories from several of us.I am so happy _1_ we are providing these memories to pass down to _2_ next generation.I want Mom _3_ (remember)for the very strong and positive person that she is and I appreciate the _4_ (contribute) you ha
32、ve all made.I also want Mom to be remembered for the brave and positive way she _5_ (handle) herself since the attack of her illness.Even as she is fading as the illness worsens，Mom makes many references to the importance of doing the best，taking things _6_ they come，and making the best of things.Th
33、is has provided her with the _7_ (emotion) strength she has demonstrated in coping so well.She is _8_ (dear) loved by the staff as she is always very sweet，gentle，and appreciative of everything that comes _9_ way.I am very proud of her.I want to thank my mom，_10_ everything that she had done for us.
34、答案1.that2.the3.to be remembered4.contribution(s)5.has handled6.as7.emotional8.dearly9.her10.forB(自主选做)(时间：45分钟满分：100分).完形填空Receiving is givingI learned about giving in a gentle，caring way.Because my mother was a skilled seamstress (女裁缝)，I was a _1_ child.It might have been something related to “the
35、joy of giving” that made me _2_ several of my most fashionable dresses to a less _3_ little girl，who lived with disabled parents.After thanking me gratefully，the little girl _4_ me her only party dress.Puzzled，I tried to _5_，but my mother guided me.She thanked the girl and told her how happy I would
36、 be _6_ the dress.Then I came to know that my greatest gift to the girl was _7_ of the gift she offered me.Many years later，I stood by _8_ as my small rabbit Ashley lay dying.Suddenly she _9_ a scratch (划痕) on the shoulder of her friend Lillian.With a last burst of _10_，she raised her head and began
37、 to _11_ Lillians cut.With more strength than she had _12_ in several weeks，she struggled to make Lillian feel _13_Lillians last gift to her dying friend was to _14_Actually，Lillian just sat there to accept Ashleys _15_ and gentle cleaning quietly._16_ then，I have witnessed the same phenomenon sever
38、al times.Dying rabbits take care of the wounded rabbits，who give by allowing _17_ to be cared for.Im just _18_ to see animals show such pride，selfrespect，and a sense of when to give and _19_ to receive.I think we human beings have to _20_ this：sometimes receiving is giving.解题导语有时候，接受就是一种给予。动物如此，人类更应
39、该如此。1A.wellknownBwellbehavedCwelldressed DwelleducatedC根据妈妈是技艺精湛的女裁缝和下文“my most fashionable dresses”可知，“我”是个“衣着入时”的孩子。2A.give in Bgive upCgive away Dgive offC根据上文的“the joy of giving”可知我“赠送(give away)”衣服给别人。give in“屈服，让步”，give up“放弃”，give off“发出，放出(气味、热、光等)”，均不符合语境。3A.beautiful BfortunateCtotal Dopti
40、misticB小女孩的父母残疾，和“我”比当然少了些“幸运”。4A.offered Bshowed Cdonated DselectedA在真诚地感谢“我”之后，小女孩把她唯一的参加聚会的衣服送给了“我”，“我”很不解，甚至想拒绝她。根据下文“the gift she offered me”也可得出答案。offer“提供，自愿给”，符合语境。5A.escape Bapologize Cavoid DrefuseD参见上题解析可知，应选refuse“拒绝”。6A.wear Bwearing Cto wear DworeC妈妈感谢了那个女孩，并告诉她如果“我”穿上这件衣服会多么高兴。分析这句话可知
41、，此处含有将来的意味，故应用不定式。7A.sneeze BrefusalCacceptance DscoldingC本文的主旨就是给予与接受，前边是“我”给予，分析语境可知，这里应是“我”给她的最好的礼物就是接受她的礼物。8A.helplessly BimpatientlyCcuriously DdynamicallyA宠物兔要死了，“我”却无能为力，所以只能“无助地(helplessly)”站在旁边。9A.touched BnoticedCchecked DexposedB突然，她(Ashley)注意到朋友肩膀上的划痕，故用noticed。10A.force BenergyCattentio
42、n DcourageB根据本段第一句话可知，Ashley快死了，故应是拼尽最后的力气。energy“力量，精力”，符合语境。force“力，力量”，通常指的是外力；attention“注意力”；courage“勇气，胆量”。11A.cover BcorrectCcure DcleanD从本段最后一句中的“gentle cleaning”可得出答案。12A.gathered Bincreased Cfollowed DadoredA比她几个星期积攒的力量还多，故选A，表示“聚集”。increase“增加”，follow“跟随”，adore“爱慕”，均不符合语境。13A.convenient Bs
43、elflessCcomfortable DunbearableC分析本段语境可知，Ashley那么做是为了让她受伤的朋友感觉舒服点儿。14A.share BreceiveCgive DteachB根据本段最后一句话中的“accept”可知，这里应用receive。15A.sympathy BconcernCadmiration DrespectBLillian只要安静地坐在那儿接受Ashley的关心和温柔的清理，故用concern“关爱，关怀”。16A.After BSinceCBefore DByB从那以后，“我”又看见了几次类似的现象。since then“此后”，符合语境。17A.the
44、mselves BherselfChimself DitselfA前边是wounded rabbits，故应用themselves代指。18A.excited Brelaxed Cfrightened DastonishedD看到动物这样的行为知道什么时候给予，什么时候接受，“我”非常“吃惊”。19A.when BhowCwhere DwhatA参见上题解析。and前的when也是提示，故答案为A。20A.commit BfaceCadmit DlearnD我们人类也应该“学会”这一点：有时接受就是一种给予。.阅读理解Theres no good evidence to prove that
45、life exists or ever existed on other planets beyond the earth.Hundreds of biologists，geologists，chemists and astronomers have conducted research on astrobiology(天体生物学)Thats because there is plenty to think about before we actually find alien life.Scientists tend to be more confident than ever that l
46、ife does exist out in the universe.In 1996 Onstott dug up rocks a mile below the surface，and he extracted (提取) bacteria that were living cheerfully in harsh conditions completely isolated from the rest of the biosphere (生物圈)Onstotts discovery is just one of dozens that established the existesce of s
47、ocalled extremophiles(嗜极生物)，bacteria and other forms of life thriving in such hostile places.Life can deal with a wider range of conditions.Miller had probed the origin of life by passing electricity through a glass container of organic chemicals to see what came out.Bada found fascinating hints tha
48、t the origin of life may well be on an Earthlike planet rather than the exception.Kaufman dealt with the question of how many such planets are likely to exist.Unfortunately，the most habitable planet found is widely believed not to exist life at all.Butler and Vogt appropriately noted that their find
49、 would have to be confirmed by others before it could be considered rock solid.The same applies to evidence of alien life.In no case was any real ET.proved to exist.The twin Viking probes landed on Mars and performed onsite tests of the soil，looking for life.Most came back negatively，but one，designe
50、d by NASA scientist Gilbert Levin，showed suspicions activity.Research has proved whats true today often is overturned tomorrow，and whats rejected today may be accepted tomorrow.Even if you limit your thinking to life，the Milky Way is likely teeming with life.Researchers are considering the possibili
51、ty of planets dominated by a sulfur cycle rather than the carbon cycle.That would be life as we dont know it.Kaufmans claim “scientists will determine life exists elsewhere in the universe”may actually be an understatement.解题导语本文是说明文。人类一直在努力寻找地球之外的生命。对于是否存在其他生命形式，科学家们各持己见。1Why do scientists do resea
52、rch on astrobiology?ABecause theres no evidence that life exists or ever existed beyond the earth.BBecause they have actually found alien life out in the universe.CBecause many people dont think theres life beyond the earth.DBecause scientists are more confident than ever that life does exist out in
53、 the universe and want to find them.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thats because there is plenty to think about before we actually find alien life.Scientists tend to be more confident than ever that life does exist out in the universe”可知，科学家们对于在宇宙中的某个地方存在着生命这一想法更有信心，因此进行天体生物学研究试图找到它们。故选D。2What can we infer from Par
54、agraph 2?ALife can exist in any place.BLife can exist in extremely terrible conditions.CNothing can live in a more terrible condition than bacteria in the universe.DLife can only live in the biosphere.B推理判断题。由第二段中的“thriving in such hostile places.Life can deal with a wider range of conditions”可知，生命可
55、以在极其残酷的条件下生存。故选B。3Who plays an important role in searching of life?ABada. BMiller.CKaufman. DOnstott.A细节理解题。由第三段中的“Bada found fascinating hints that the origin of life may well be on an Earthlike planet rather than the exception”可知，Bada发现了关于生命起源的线索。故选A。4According to Paragraph 4，which of the followin
56、g is TRUE about the existence of life?ATheres life on Earthlike planets.BTheres a doubt whether theres life on Earthlike planets.CTheres no life on Earthlike planets.DTheres life that we dont know on Earthlike planets.C细节理解题。由第四段中的“Unfortunately，the most habitable planet found is widely believed not
57、 to exist life at all”可知，至今还没有在地球之外的其他地方发现生命迹象。故选C。.任务型阅读Trust has been considered as the basis of any relationship，including friendship.No relationship can last long with a lack of trust.Not many of your friends will have real faith in you as you would like to believe._1_ Sometimes，it takes years，e
58、ven a complete lifetime，to trust someone.However，how do we know if our friends have faith in us?_2_ With whom will you share things that you dont want everyone to know？It would be with a close friend，whom you trust as much as you trust yourself.Whom do you look up to for advice when you need it the
59、most？It has to be either your parents or your friends._3_ This is a shining example of trust.You only seek advice from people you hold in high regard and find dependable.The friends who trust you will never forget to include you in the important decisions of their life.Arguments and heated discussio
60、ns are a part of every relationship，and this is also true for friendship._4_ While some people find it difficult to forgive and forget，your friends will never have problems moving on.It is because they trust you and believe that you will never cause any pain to them on purpose.There are times in lif
61、e when you find yourself a lonely soldier._5_ Your friends will never let you down and will strongly stand for you when you need encouragement.You can determine that they trust you and believe in your beliefs if they side with you when you need them the most.APeople can be extraordinarily jealous so
62、metimes.BYou know they will never pass on a wrong suggestion.CIn fact，winning trust is，by far，the most challenging aspect of relationships.DTwo people cant have the same reactions to a situation and different opinions do exist.ENo matter how close you are to your friends，you cant take that comfort level for granted.FIf your friends share their secrets，theres a good possibility，that they have much faith in you.GHowever，people fortunate to have been blessed with true friends are never alone in any battle.答案15CFBDG