1、课时分层作业(十八).阅读理解AWITH ALL THE CONTROVERSY swirling around“fake news”in the media，its a good time to remind you，dear readers，that you wont find any of that in Readers Digest.Heres why: We are committed to publishing strong and accurate stories.Millions of people around the world turn to this little ma
2、gazine every month because of the care with which we document our stories.We guard readers trust by holding our editorial researchers，editors and writers to high standards.For example，we require our writers to talk to people with firsthand knowledge of their subject.Then we give their stories to fac
3、tcheckers，who confirm that sources were accurately quoted.We get our facts straight.What about the articles we reprint from other publications，you ask？Thanks to our global presence，we have researchers and factcheckers around the world who check these stories for us.For example，in this issue，Making Y
4、ogurt，Healing Minds from the UKs Observer magazine，was checked by our European Editorial Office.I Was Blind But Now I See from Toronto Life，was thoroughly checked out by our editorial office in Montreal.Our drama，41 Hours Alone in the Snow from the Swiss Sonntags Zeitung magazine，was confirmed by ou
5、r Swiss editor.You can feel secure in knowing that Readers Digest is in the real news business.Always have been.Always will be.No fake news here.【语篇解读】本文是读者文摘杂志对杂志文章真实性的确认说明。1How does Readers Digest guarantee the genuineness of its stories?A.It has many people around the world to check each storys s
6、ource.BThe writer of each story experienced the story himself/herself.CIts stories are all written by some famous people.DIt has severe punishment for those who write fake news.A细节理解题。根据第二段内容及第三段第二句“Thanks to our global presence，we have researchers and factcheckers around the world who check these s
7、tories for us.”可知读者文摘能保证故事的真实性主要是因为它在世界各地有很多事实核查者核对所出版的故事的真实性。故A项正确。2According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?AReaders Digest is only sold in Swiss.BReaders Digest enjoys worldwide popularity.CThe accuracy of the stories in Readers Digest is guaranteed by their writers.DAll
8、 the stories in Readers Digest are first published.B推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Millions of people around the world turn to this little magazine every month because of the care with which we document our stories.”可知每个月世界各地都有很多人阅读读者文摘这本杂志，说明它很受人们欢迎。故B项正确。3From this passage，as for Readers Digest，we can know that t
9、he writer of this passage is_AconsiderateBdoubtfulCdetermined DnegativeC观点态度题。根据文章最后两段可知，作者认为读者文摘总是能够给我们提供最真实的新闻，绝对不会有虚假新闻。说明作者的态度是非常坚定的。故C项正确。4Where can we find this passage?AIn a magazine. BIn a novel.CIn a fairytale book. DIn a science book.A文章出处题。本文是读者文摘杂志对杂志文章真实性的确认说明，与“小说、神话传说、科技书籍”无关，最可能是从读者文
10、摘杂志里摘录而来的。故A项正确。BScience fiction writers create imaginary worlds.The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science.So its important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are associated with your creation.For example，if youre writing abou
11、t humans living on a planet with zero gravity，then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds.And you have to follow them.If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1，your character cant drown in a swim
12、ming pool in Chapter 3.The issue here is maintaining your readers trust.That means the readers are willing to pretend along with you.If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter，you will pull the readers out of their imagination.
13、The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway.Part of your preparation work for the novel is to map out its worlds in great detail.You should decide the following issues：the history of the world，the geography，what possibilities it offers，how everything works in this new reality，and how all
14、of these factors affect the way your characters think，feel，and react to things.You dont have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter.But you have to let readers know enough to understand whats going on.This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions before you st
15、art writing.When you are writing，remember to make it feel real.You are inviting readers to visit a new world.They will want to be able to see，hear，feel，smell，and even taste what its like.Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet，help your readers feel like theyre
16、actually there.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章就如何创作科幻小说给出了一些建议。5Whats the relationship between actual science and science fiction?AScience fiction promotes the development of actual science.BScience fiction often reflects the development of actual science.CActual science limits the imagination described in science
17、fiction.DActual science provides basic principles for science fiction.D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science.”可知，科幻小说要基于实际科学。故选D。6The second paragraph is mainly developed by_Amaking comparisonsBgiving examplesCfollowing the time orderDanalyzing c
18、ausesB写作手法题。根据第二段中的“If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1，your character cant drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3.”可知，这一段以举例的方式来说明figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds，即虚构的世界也要有一定的规则。故选B。7Which of the following statements is TRUE?AIt is necessary to do some scientific
19、 experiments before writing science fiction.BIt is more difficult to write science fiction than ordinary detective novels.CReaders of science fiction actually pretend the writers rules are true.DIt is great to leave some contradictions in your science fiction.C细节理解题。根据第二段第五句“That means the readers a
20、re willing to pretend along with you.”可知，科幻作者的写作思路要被科幻作品的读者认同才行。故选C。8The passage is mainly about_Ahow to do scientific researchBhow to raise interest in scienceCwhat to expect from science fictionDhow to write science fictionD主旨大意题。通读全文可知，这篇文章是关于如何写科幻小说的。故选D。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
21、。续写的词数应为150左右。During my school days，whenever I was asked to write an essay (文章)about brave people and their brave deeds，I always focused on heroes in news reports risking their lives to save others.But from that day on，I could write how my Mom，in her determined way，saved our elderly neighbor.The eve
22、nt that stands out in my memory happened one morning when I was only 10 years old.I was doing my homework when I heard raised voices.At first I thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below our flat often became loud，but I soon realized this time it was different.“Quick
23、! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop.”someone yelled.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When I opened the front door of our flat to have a look outside，a thick cloud of smoke，billowing (汹涌)up from the ground floor，greeted me.It hit me that the motorcycle shop had caught fire.My mom，w
24、ho had been working in the kitchen，hurried to the living room.We rushed out of the door and along the corridor(走廊)through the smoke.We were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Mom stopped and thought for a while.She turned around and headed back the way we came.Puzzled b
25、ut having no idea what she was doing，I followed her.It became clear soon that Mom had remembered the Korean lady in her 70s living next door to us，whom we called Jane.Mom began banging on the door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around us，I could see many of our neighborssome still in their
26、 pyjamas(睡衣)running for safety.The thought of fear crossed my mind.“She must have already run for safety like everyone else! Lets rush downstairs！”I begged.But Mom refused to give up.“I know Janes still inside.”She said she was familiar with Janes daily routine and was certain she would still be sle
27、eping.Paragraph 1：I noticed the flame was reaching up._Paragraph 2：Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help._参考范文Paragraph 1：I noticed the flame was reaching up.Frozen with fear，I stood rooted to the spot.I comprehended the gravity of the situation(形势的严重性)and held Moms hand tightly
28、.By then，both of us were coughing and our eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still，though we were probably there for only two or three minutes.I begged Mom to run for safety as quickly as possible.Mom tried to shield(挡住；遮住)her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding aga
29、inst the door.I burst out crying.Paragraph 2：Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in our minds.Learning that Ms Jane must be still in the room，they immediately forced the door open.Sure enough，Ms Jane was lying in bed，unconscious.She was carried downstairs and then rushed to hospital，where she finally came to herself.Everybody felt relieved and our joy was immense.Mom was praised for her brave and selfless act，because of which she has been my hero ever since.