1、（新课标）2016高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book 4 Unit 2 Working the land 新人教版重点识记词汇1.struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力2.thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为3be satisfied with 对感到满意 4.would rather 宁愿；宁可5therefore adv.因此；所以；因而 6.build up逐渐增强；建立；开发7lead to导致；造成(后果) 8.focus n焦点；中心点 vt.集中；聚焦9focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 10.reduce vt.减少；减缩11sunburnt adj.晒黑
2、的 12.expand vt.& vi.使变大；伸展13regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔 14.rid vt.摆脱；除去rid.of使摆脱或除去15circulate vt.& vi.循环；流传circulation n循环16comment n评论；议论 vi.& vt.表达意见；作出评论17keep.free from/of使免受(影响；伤害等)；使不含(有害物)18chemical adj.化学的；关于化学的chemistry n化学chemist n化学家；药剂师19production n生产；制造produce vt.生产；制造product n产品；产物product
3、ive adj.生产的；有生产能力的；富有成效的producer n生产者；制片人20personality n性格；个性；人格personal adj.个人的；身体的；亲自的personally adv.亲自地；当面；个别地；就自己而言21equip vt.& vi.配备；装备equipment n设备(不可数)22confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的confusion n迷惑23occupation n工作；职业；占领occupy vt.占领；占据24hunger n饥饿；欲望 vt.& vi.(使)饥饿hungry
4、 adj.饿的25disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbed adj.扰乱的；精神失常的disturb vt.扰乱；打扰26freedom n自由；自主free adj.自由的；免费的freely adv.自由地；随意地27discovery n发现；发觉discover vt.发现；发觉；观察，观测28export vt.& vi.输出；出口import vt.& vi. (反义词)输入；进口29summary n总结；摘要；概要summarize vt.总结；摘要必背经典句式1.If so，what did you do to grow them?如果这样的话，
5、你做了些什么来种植这些植物？2Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平种植了被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。3Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。4In 1973，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.1973年，他
6、成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。5.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。构词记忆acquaintance /kweIntns/ n1.C&U熟悉；熟知2.C相识的人；熟人allowance /lans/ nC津贴；补贴；零用钱appearance /pIrns/ n1.多作不可数名词出现2.C&U外观；外貌assistance /sIstns/ nU帮助；协助；援助.词汇与派生A语境填词1Taking a deep breath can reduce(减少)stress.If you feel st
7、ressful，try it.2He regretted(后悔)that he was careless and didnt pass the exam.3If you keep staying in the sun for a long time，youll get sunburnt (晒黑的)4Please repeat.I havent entered your name and occupation(职业)yet.5She became the focus (焦点) of attention immediately she turned up.6The old woman is det
8、ermined to learn how to use the Internet to expand(扩大)her business and reach a global market.7After all，the doctorpatient relationship is based on trust，and therefore(因此) honesty is essential.8He had some disturbing(烦恼的)experience when he stayed in the country.9He designed a machine to circulate (循环
9、) warm air.10China exports (出口) products to many foreign countries.B用所给词的适当形式填空11Nowadays women have more freedom.They can be free to do anything they want to do.(free)12The school has much modern teaching equipment.And the classrooms are all equipped with new desks.(equip)13He couldnt walk any furt
10、her because of hunger.As you know，you cant do anything if you are hungry.(hungry)14He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse) 15People who circulate false news that this magazine has a small circulation are to blame.(circulate)16Many ch
11、emists are working in the chemistry factory to make chemical fertilizers.(chemistry)17Before writing a summary of the passage，you have to read it and summarize its main idea.(summary)18In order to reduce production costs，the car producer intended to produce the car in large quantities.(produce).短语运用
12、A用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空19It is not easy to rid oneself of a bad habit.20With all the attention focused on her，the little girl felt very embarrassed.21The composer neither worried nor cared about public opinion.22Fresh air and exercise are good for the health.23I was thankful to be free of the problem.24P
13、ractising Chinese kung fu can not only build up ones strength，but also develop ones character.25As we all know，it is human activity that has led to the global warming.26He got the first prize in the speech contest.His teacher was satisfied with his performance.B用方框内所给短语填空27I got up very early with t
14、he hope of catching the early bus yesterday.28The play succeeded thanks to fine acting by all the cast.29I would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening.30In addition，daily travel allowance is 50 each.31The doctor told me I was in need of a good rest.经典句式32Do you have an umbrella? If no
15、t，Ill lend you mine.你带伞了吗？如果没有，把我的借给你。33The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.正在为下一届亚运会建设的体育场将是现在的三倍大。34I was the first in my family to go to college.我是我们家第一个大学生。35The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.这朵花的颜色
16、与它早晨时的不同。36Rather than refuse to help you，I would borrow money from my friends.我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。1 equip v.配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力 应试指导过去分词作状语的考查equip.with.用装备equip sb.for (doing) sth.使某人为(做)某事而准备equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事be equipped to do sth.(使某人)有准备做某事a piece of equipment一件设备Owners of restaurants would
17、 have to equip them to admit disabled people.餐厅老板将必须在餐厅里配备能够接待残疾人的设施。A basic twohour first aid course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents.两小时的基础急救课程能够让你有能力处理这类事件。夯实基础(1)语法填空They equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.She was fully equipped for the cl
18、imbing.Your education will equip you for your future life.(2)They are equipped with new scientific farming methods，so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.Equipped with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子) 2 co
19、nfuse vt.使迷惑；使为难应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查confuse.with/and.把和混淆be/get confused with/about对感到困惑confusing adj.令人困惑的in confusion处于混乱状态I cant see how anyone could confuse you with another!我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！Things were happening too quickly and Brian was confused.事情发生得太快，把布赖恩给弄糊涂了。夯实基础(1)用confuse的适当形式填空This is a
20、 very confusing experience.We felt confused with the difficult question.The uncertainty created by this situation must have caused you much confusion.What confused us most was the result.(2)He was confused with the present situation so he didnt know what to do next.Confused with the present situatio
21、n，he didnt know what to do next.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句子)3 regret vt.懊悔；后悔；遗憾(feel sorry about)；n.痛惜；懊悔；遗憾应试指导后跟非谓语动词作宾语的考查regret doing/having done.后悔做了regret to say/tell/inform.遗憾地说/告诉/通知with great/deep regret很遗憾to ones regret令某人遗憾的是feel regret for为感到遗憾express regret at/for/over对表示遗憾I regret to tell you t
22、hat I cant travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你一起去北京了。(山东写作)夯实基础语法填空(1)Jerry did not regret giving/having given(give) the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.(2)I regret to inform(inform) you that youre dismissed.(3)I really feel regr
23、et for what happened.(4)To our regret，we missed the final bus.4 focus v.集中；聚焦；n.中心点；焦点多词一义focus on，fix on，concentrate on，fasten on，put ones heart into，be absorbed in，apply oneself tofocus.on/upon.把集中于bring.into focus使成为焦点in focus对准焦点；清晰out of focus没对准焦点；不清晰In pursuing a dream，we might focus on only
24、one way of making it come true，forgetting that there may be alternatives.在追求梦想的过程中，我们可能仅仅集中于使梦想实现的一种方法上，而忘了还有另外的方法。(北京开放作文)夯实基础(1)语法填空The childrens faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.Bring the subject into focus if you want to have a good picture.With his attention focused(focus) on his
25、homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.Having focused(focus) his attention on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.(2)他集中精力学习。(一句多译)He focused his attention on his study.(focus)He fixed his attention on his study.(fix)He was absorbed in his study.(absorb)He applied him
26、self to his study.(apply)He concentrated his attention on his study.(concentrate)5 avoid v.避免；防止；回避应试指导后跟非谓语动词句法功能的考查avoid doing.避免做avoidable adj.可避免的unavoidable adj.不能避免的；无法逃避的To avoid such conflicts，we should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.为了避免这样的冲突，我们应该友好待人，这
27、对于和谐生活非常重要。(江苏书面表达)Many deaths from heart disease are actually avoidable.许多因心脏病造成的死亡实际上是可以避免的。联想记忆常用动名词作宾语的动词：admit承认，advise建议，allow允许，avoid避免，consider考虑，delay推迟，enjoy喜欢，escape逃脱，finish完成，imagine想象，include包括，keep保持，mind介意，miss错过，permit允许，practise练习，risk冒险， suggest建议夯实基础语法填空(1)The bird was lucky enou
28、gh to escape being shot(shoot)(2)Wherever possible，technical terms should avoid being used(use)(3)He practises speaking(speak) English every morning.(4)“Im sorry but it was not avoidable(avoid)，” I said.6 comment n.议论，评论(argument)；解释(explanation)；批评，指责(criticism)；v.表达意见；发表评论(express an opinion)应试指导N
29、o comment！在交际用语中的应用make comments on/upon对发表评论no comment无可奉告comment on/upon评论，评说He made some comments on the recent development.他对最近的发展做了一些评论。So far，Mr.Cook has not commented on these reports.到目前为止，库克先生仍未就这些报道发表评论。夯实基础语法填空(1)I dont feel I can comment on their decision.(2)I dont feel I can make commen
30、ts on their decision.(3)Commenting(comment) on others too much does no good.7 lead to导致；造成(后果)；通往(go in a particular direction)多词一义lead to，cause，result in，bring about，give rise to，contribute tolead sb.to do.使某人做lead sb.to.带某人去lead the way带路lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走in the lead领先；处于首位take the lead带头
31、；领先Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.不远处有一座桥可以让他到达树旁摘到更多的水果。(北京开放作文)In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way.在课堂上我会把学生分成小组用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。(天津书面表达)夯实基础(1)根据汉语提示完成句子With him leading t
32、he way(带路)，we got there without any difficulty.But for him，we would have been lost，which would lead to(导致) serious consequences.His action led us to believe(使我们相信) that he was our true friend.(2)这个政策将给这个地区带来更大的不稳定。(一句多译)This policy will lead to greater instability in the region.(lead)This policy wil
33、l result in greater instability in the region.(result)This policy will contribute to greater instability in the region.(contribute)This policy will give rise to greater instability in the region.(rise)1 If so，what did you do to grow them？如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？if so如果是这样的话，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表
34、示否定意义，则用if not。if 构成的其他省略形式：if any如果有的话if possible如果可能的话if necessary如果必要的话if ever如果曾经发生过的话If possible，call to find out about the company dress code before the interview.如有可能，面试之前打电话找出该公司的衣着规范。 夯实基础将下列句子改为省略形式(1)If it is possible，you should try it once more.If possible，you should try it once more.(2)
35、Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if there are any.Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if any.(3)Some of you may have finished Unit 1.If you have done so，you can go on to Unit 2.Some of you may have finished Unit 1.If so，you can go on to Unit 2.2单元语法语法填空(1)Learning(lear
36、n) new words is very important for me.(2)Being(be) a guest in an American home will be a good experience.(3)We must try to avoid repeating(repeat) the same mistake.(4)Weve got to think of ways of changing(change) peoples habits.(5)Being exposed(expose) to the sun will make you burnt.高考题组.短文改错(2011新课
37、标全国)My summer travel started terribly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stol
38、en it.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket，but the only clothes I had was those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.答案My summer travel started terrib
39、ly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station a ticket to Hangzhou.I was going to visit a friend and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.I bought my ticket turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.Luckily I had all my money my pocket，but t
40、he only clothes I had those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without any .When I finally arrived at my he lent to me lots of clothes.I very happy that I could change my clothes at last.写作常用句翻译1另一方面，因为我们都尽力了，所以我们没有遗憾。(regret)(2013湖南书面表达)On the other (hand)，since we all tried our best，we had no
41、 regret.2这表明现今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承担着父母的希望。(focus)(2013福建书面表达)It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.3因而，我坚信我们的未来掌握在我们自己手中。(therefore)(2012浙江书面表达)Therefore，I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands.4多亏你的鼓励，我的数学不断进
42、步，最后我下决心上大学就学数学专业。(thanks to)(2012广东读写任务)Thanks to your encouragement，I made continuous progress in math，and finally made up my mind to study it in the university.5如果是这样的话，请尽快给我回信。(if so)(2012重庆书面表达)If so，please respond to me as quickly as possible.模拟题组.语法填空1Its disturbing(disturb) that I cant get a
43、long well with my new neighbor.2Your education will equip you to earn(earn) a good living.Work hard from now on.3Occupying(occupy) herself with routine office tasks，she had no time to attend to her children.4How I regretted not having studied(study) hard at school，which led to the failure in my care
44、er!5Because of his strange clothes，he immediately became the focus of attention when he entered the hall.6They built a wall to avoid soil being washed(wash) away.7He handed me the document without comment.8The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught(catch)9Kicking(kick) a wet footbal
45、l can hurt your foot if you are not careful.10It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.If so，wed better take it to the garage immediately.单句改错1In the old days，many children suffered from hungry for lack of food.hungryhunger2Each classroom in our school has equipped with a computer，whic
46、h is helpful to our study.hasis3In my opinion, he is quite suit for this job.suitsuitable或fit4Youd better finish your homework without referring your notes.referring后加上to5Before going abroad，you must exchange your money with some dollars.withfor6I found my father sitting at his table，was lost in tho
47、ught.去掉was7It is raining outside.I would rather stay at home than going out.goinggo8This is what has called blog.hasis9Nowadays most of the people are living happy life.happy前加上a10Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?Id rather he paints it blue，and without any decorations.paintspa
48、inted.写作句式升级训练A wellknown proverb goes that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”(素材来源于2014山东写作)As a wellknown proverb goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子).阅读理解AAs climate change has warmed the earth，oceans have responded more slowly than land environments.But scientifi
49、c research is finding that marine ecosystems can be far more sensitive to even the smallest temperature change.Perhaps the ocean organism most vulnerable to temperature change is coral.There is evidence that reefs will bleach (变白) at even a slight continuing temperature rise.Bleaching slows coral gr
50、owth，makes them susceptible to disease，and can lead to largescale reef dieoff.Other organisms affected by temperature change include krill，an extremely important link at the base of the food chain.This can affect the life cycle of krill eaters，such as penguins and sealswhich in turn causes food shor
51、tages for higher predators.When water heats up，it expands.Thus，the most readily apparent consequence of higher sea temperatures is a rapid rise in sea level.Sea level rise cause floods of coastal habitats for humans as well as plants and animals，shoreline erosion，and more powerful storm that can des
52、troy lowlying areas.Warmer sea temperatures are also associated with the spread of species and diseases.If an ecosystem becomes warmer，it can create an opportunity where outside species or bacteria can suddenly develop where they were once excluded.This can lead to forced migrations and even species
53、 extinction.Warmer seas also lead to melting from below of polar ice shelves.Scientists also worry that warmer water could interrupt the socalled ocean conveyor belt，the system of global currents that is largely responsible for regulating Earths temperature.Its collapse could trigger catastrophicall
54、y(灾难性地) rapid climate changes.The only way to lower ocean temperatures is to dramatically control our emission of greenhouse gases.However，even if we immediately dropped carbon dioxide emissions to zero，the gases weve already released would take decades or longer to disappear.1This passage is mainly
55、 about .Asea speciesBa rise in sea temperatureCchanges in the seaDhumans effect on the sea答案B解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海洋温度升高所带来的不良后果，故选B。2What will happen to penguins and seals if krill is killed in large numbers?AThey will die out at once.BThey will leave the sea.CThey will be lacking in food.DThey wi
56、ll turn to other fish for food.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，企鹅和海豹都吃磷虾，因此磷虾数量减少必然会使它们的食物减少，故选C。3Sea level rise may cause great damage to .Acorals BkrillCice shelves Dshorelines答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知，海平面的上升会使海岸线受到侵蚀，故选D。4The sea temperature rise will cause great damage EXCEPT .Athe brokage of the ocean food c
57、hainBthe rapid rise in sea levelCthe dieoff of invasive speciesDthe melting of polar ice shelves答案C解析推理判断题。第二段到第五段分别介绍了海水温度上升所造成的生物链断裂、海平面上涨、外来物种入侵和极地冰川消融的四种后果，只有C项与原文不符，故选C。BCHINAs moon rover，Yutu，also known as Jade Rabbit，has awoken after its troubled dormancy(休眠)，the condition of being temporaril
58、y inactive，but experts were still trying to find out the cause of its abnormality Thursday，a spokesman for the countrys lunar probe program said.“Yutu has come back to life，” spokesman Pei Zhaoyu announced.Pei said the moon rover，named after the pet of a lunar goddess in ancient Chinese mythology，ha
59、d been restored to its normal signal reception function while experts worked to verify(查对) the cause of its mechanical control abnormality.Problems emerged before Yutu entered its second dormancy on the moon on Jan.25，as the lunar night fell.“Yutu went to sleep under an abnormal status，” Pei said，ad
60、ding that experts had been concerned that the moon rover，Yutu，might not be able to survive the extremely low temperatures during the lunar night.“The rover stands a chance of being saved now that it is still alive，” he said.Yutu rolled onto the moons surface on Dec.15,2013，several hours after Chinas
61、 lunar probe，Change3，had softlanded on the moon on Dec.14,2013.Change3 is part of the second phase of Chinas lunar program，which includes orbiting，landing and returning to the earth.China is the third country in the world to successfully softland on the moon，after the United States and the former So
62、viet Union.5From the second paragraph，we know that the moon rover .Ais named after the lunar goddess in ancient Chinese storyBhas the same name with the pet of a lunar goddessCcannot receive signals from the earth after its dormancyDdidnt come back to life until it was repaired by experts答案B解析细节理解题。
63、根据第二段中的“the moon rover，named after the pet of a lunar goddess in ancient Chinese mythology”可知月球探测车以月亮女神的宠物的名字来命名，故B项正确。6According to the third paragraph，as the night fell on the moon，Yutu .Astarted working Bstarted rollingCfell in dormancy Dwas dead答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，当月球进入黑夜时，月球探测车玉兔号就进入了休眠状态，故C项正
64、确。7Which country has NOT succeeded in softlanding on the moon so far?AChina.BThe USA.CGermany.DThe former Soviet Union.答案C解析细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，迄今为止，中国、美国和前苏联都成功地在月球上软着陆，故C项符合题意。8According to the passage，which of the following is the correct order?Yutu entered its second dormancy.Yutu had abnormal si
65、gnal reception function.Change3 softlanded on the moon.Yutu rolled onto the moons surface.A BC D答案C解析细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Yutu rolled onto the moons surface on Dec.15,2013，several hours after Chinas lunar probe，Change3，had softlanded on the moon on Dec.14,2013.”和第三段中的“Problems emerged before Yutu entered i
66、ts second dormancy on the moon on Jan.25”可知顺序为。.阅读填空How to be creativeMost people are certain that creativeness is something you are either born with or without. 9 There are ways available to raise your talent to a level you would like.The first step to being more creative lies in believing you are
67、actually creative.You cannot come out with good work until and unless you believe that you are good at what you are doing. 10 All that has to be done is to develop this creative potential. 11 Even if your new concepts seem to be too unlikely，make sure that you at least give them a try.Unique concept
68、s may seem strange initially but can lead to major discoveries.All the creations in the history of humankind came out just because there were people who could think differently. 12 Many people have the habit of overthinking and look for reasons not to do a particular thing.Learn how to take a chance
69、.You really cant develop your talents till and unless you are willing to take risks.Understand that you cant have insurance for each and everything.Therefore if youd like to do something，go on and do it.Another vital thing to do to remain creative is to update your mind regularly.You need to provide
70、 more modern inspirations and thoughts to your consciousness to come up with new concepts.You should explore the world around yourselfvisit museums，travel，read books，watch films and even try some new things that you have not done before. 13 AStop thinking too much.BHowever，that is not correct.CDo no
71、t ever be scared to think differently.DSuch things help to encourage your creativity.EJust follow the tricks and you would be able to do your best.FAll of us have some or the other level of creativity within us.GLet the windows of your mind open up to let in fresh creativity.答案9.B10.F11.C12.A13.D.写作
72、素材(关于发展)提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which引导的定语从句，过去分词短语作状语等。14在这个地区饥饿曾是个困扰人的问题，导致很多人死亡。Hunger，which used to be disturbing in this area，led to a lot of deaths.15在过去的十年里，多亏了政府的帮助，农民们成功地抵制了土地的沙漠化。In the past decade，thanks to the governments help，farmers have succeeded in the struggle against the expanding desert.16有了新的农耕技术，农民们的谷物和其他粮食的产量都增加了。Equipped with new farming methods，farmers output of grain and other crops has increased.17人们满足于目前的生活。People are satisfied with their present life.