1、新知识预习探索根据句意观察思考下列各句中情态动词的意义1Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,planting in spring and harvest in autumn.(指“过去常常”)2At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.(指“过去将要”)3Some festivals are held to honour the dead o
2、r to satisfy the ancestors,who might return either to help or to do harm.(表示“猜测”)4They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.(表示“将要做”)5Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.(表示“允许”)6Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be ve
3、ry happy events.(表示“理论上或习惯上的可能性”)7At the Spring Festival in China,people eat dumplings,fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper.(表示“许可”)新语法精讲突破情态动词(1)一、情态动词的定义 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，表示“需要”“可以”“必须”“应当”等意义。You must remember to write home.你必须记着给家里写信。You ought to w
4、ork hard.你应该努力工作。May I use your bicycle?我可以用你的自行车吗？【名师点津】(1)情态动词不能单独作谓语，除ought to和used to以外，情态动词后面接不带to的动词原形。(2)情态动词没有人称和数的变化，但是有些情态动词如can,will,may等有一般式和过去式的变化。(3)情态动词的“时态”的形式并不是区分时间的主要标志。不少情况下，情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间。二、情态动词的基本用法(一)can与could的用法1表示能力(could是过去式)。The clever student can sol
5、ve such difficult problems in a short time.这位聪明的学生能够在很短的时间内解决这样难的问题。When she was 8 years old,she could play the piano very well.当她八岁时，她能很好地弹钢琴。2表示猜测“可能”，一般用于疑问句和否定句(could是过去式)。Can the lady over there be our boss?在那儿的那位女士可能是我们的老板吗？It cant be her.I saw her in the office just now.不可能是她。我刚刚在办公室里看到她了。My
6、glasses arent here.Where can I have put them?我的眼镜不在这里。我可能把它们放哪儿呢？3表示请求允许或允许，常用于第一人称或第二人称。Can/Could I use your mobile phone？(请求允许)我可以用一下你的手机吗？Of course,you can.(表示允许)当然可以。【名师点津】(1)在请求允许时，与can相比could语气更为委婉，没有时态、意义上的区别。(2)表示允许某人做某事时，用can而不用could。(3)can表示惊异、怀疑或不相信的态度，主要用于疑问句或否定句。How can you be so rude?你
7、怎么能这么粗鲁？【易混辨析】时态内涵can只有现在时和过去时指自身具有的能力be able to有更多的时态变化，可用于将来时，完成时和非谓语动词中表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或succeed in doingAfter many years hard work,he was able to achieve his goal.数年的努力之后，他(能够)实现了自己的目标。【巧学助记】口诀记忆can/couldcan表能力和可以，否定、疑问(在否定句及疑问句中)表猜疑。could是can的过去式，语气比can更客气。(二)may与might的用法1表示允许、
8、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。以may/might开头的问句在否定回答中要用mustnt。You may choose whatever you like.你想选择什么就选择什么。May I stay at the room for a while?我可以在这个房间待一会吗？Yes,you may./No,you mustnt.是的，可以。/不，不可以。2表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能”，用于肯定句。might语气更加不肯定，指现在或将来，只有在宾语从句中might do(be)才表示过去的可能性。He may possibly know it.他可能知道。She might go
9、out because the phone was ringing all the time.她可能出去了，因为电话一直在响。3may用于祈使句表示祝愿。May you be happy.祝你快乐。(三)will与would的用法1表示意志、意愿。用于各种人称，will指现在，would指过去。Whatever he says,I will never trust him.不管他说什么，我都不会相信他。The girl asked whether her friend would go with her to do some shopping.女孩问她的朋友是否乐意和她一起去购物。2表示请求、
10、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句，would表示更委婉的语气。Would you please come here to help me?请你来帮我好吗？3表示习惯性动作，意思是“总是，习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。These trees will die without air and water.这些树离开空气和水会死。She would do her homework in the library when she studied in the university.当她在这所大学学习时，她常在图书馆里做作业。【易混辨析】would表示“过去常常”，但仅表示过去的习惯性动作(不表
11、示状态)，现在有可能还如此，也可能不再那样used to表示“过去常常”，既表示过去的动作也表示过去的状态，不过现在不再做或不再有那种状态了。(四)shall与should的用法1shall的用法。陈述句的第二、三人称表示允许、警告、命令、决心、威胁等疑问句的第一、三人称表示征求对方意见陈述句的第一人称表示将来 You shall have my answer tomorrow.(第二人称陈述句，表示允许)你明天可以得到我的答复。He shall be punished.(第三人称陈述句，表示警告)他应受到惩罚。Shall we go to the theatre this evening？(
12、疑问句，表示征求对方意见)我们今晚去看戏好吗？I shall go to London next month.(表示将来)下个月我将去伦敦。2should的用法。表示劝告或建议，意思是“应该”，表示可能性，这时should要比can,may更肯定；表示惊讶。If I didnt write them down,I should probably forget all about them.如果我不把它们写下来，我就可能忘得一干二净。Im surprised that he should say so.他竟然这样讲话，这使我感到吃惊。(五)must的用法表示“必须”，语气比should,ough
13、t to强烈。其否定形式为mustnt意为“不准，禁止”。The children must be back by 4 pm.孩子们必须下午四点钟以前回来。【名师点津】(1)以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答中要用must，否定回答中要用neednt/dont have to。(2)表示有把握的肯定推测，只能用在肯定句中，意思是“一定，准是”。(3)表示“偏要、硬要做”。指做一些让人不快的事情。Must I finish the work tomorrow?我明天必须完成这项工作吗？Yes,you must.(No,you neednt/dont have to.)是的，你必须完成。(不，不
14、必。)You must be joking.你一定是在开玩笑吧。If you must smoke,at least you could use an ashtray.如果你非要吸烟，起码可以用一个烟灰缸吧。新写作技法点拨如何写叙事性记叙文写叙事性记叙文时，要注意以下几点：1结构：常见的叙事性记叙文的结构常分为三段：第一段：交代事情发生的时间、地点、人物等要素。第二段：进一步叙述事情的发生、发展过程，在必要时可加入冲突，以达到故事的高潮。第三段：结尾要尽量自然，做到水到渠成，可适当谈一下自己的感想，发表自己的看法，以达到升华文章主题的目的，但不宜过多。2人称：通常用第一人称和第三人称。3时态：
15、在叙事过程中，一般用过去时态。在描写背景或某景象时，常用过去进行时，这样显得更加生动形象。常用句式1开头常用句式：Thats really an unforgettable experience.One day,on the way to.Last Sunday,my mother and I were doing.when we saw/heard.Long long ago/Once upon a time,there was/were.2中间常用句式：Without delay/hesitation,I/we dialed 120/119/122.It wasnt long before
16、 an ambulance/.arrived.We tried our best to help.,but.We made every effort to help.After a while,many people came to help us.At last,sb.was saved/we succeeded.3结尾常用句式：Tired as we were,we felt very happy.Every time I thought of it,I was full of energy.I felt proud of myself and thought.Although.,we h
17、ave learned a lot from it.即时演练假设你是北京新华中学的学生，你们班同学在暑假期间的某一天开展了“体验一天低碳生活”的活动。请你根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英语短文，介绍同学们这一天的体验活动注意：1短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数；2词数：100左右参考词汇：一次性筷子disposable chopsticks词汇热身1坐汽车，没有坐轿车去公园go to the park _ bus _ by car.2不使用一次性筷子_ use disposable chopsticks3在超市购物_ at the supermarket4开空调 _ air condition
18、er5用电扇纳凉 use electric _ to _ ourselvesbyinstead ofrefuse to go shopping turn onfancool连词成句1_ the morning，we _ to the park by bus _ by car.早上我们乘坐公共汽车而没开车去公园。2_ noon，when we dined out in a restaurant，we _ use the disposable chopsticks _ there.中午，当我们在外面餐馆里吃饭时，我们拒绝使用那儿提供的一次性筷子。Inwentinstead of Atrefused
19、 toserved3_ to the environment _ by the free plastic bags，we put _ into cloth bags.为了避免由塑料袋引起的对环境的破坏，我们把所买之物装入布袋子。4We should _ our earth.我们应采取行动保护地球。To avoid the damagecausedwhat we boughttake action to protect连句成篇The students in our class organized an activity of“Experience a Lowcarbon Day”during t
20、he summer vacation._答案：The_student_in_our_class_organized_an_activity_of_“Experience_a_Lowcarbon_Day”_during_the_summer_vacation.In the morning,we went to parks by bus instead of going by car.At noon,when we dined out in a restaurant,we refused to use the disposable chopsticks served there.Instead,w
21、e each took with us a lunch box in which there was a pair of chopsticks and a spoon.In the afternoon,we went shopping at a supermarket.To avoid the damage to the environment caused by the free plastic bags,we put what we had bought into cloth bags.It was hot at night.We didnt turn on the air conditi
22、oners.We used electric fans to cool ourselves down.Although the activity lasted only one day,we have learned a lot from it.We realize that we should take action to protect our earth and start from small things around us.In this way,we are sure to live in a better world.新思维随堂自测.用方框中适当的情态动词填空can，could
23、，may，might，will，would，shall，should，must，cant1We _ not thank you too much for all your help given to us.2The teacher said that we _ not leave early.3You _ arrive at the airport two hours before he goes.4Wang Feng wins an award every year.He _ be very strong.cancouldshouldmust 5These problems _ be sol
24、ved as soon as possible no matter how busy you are.Thats my order.6After they mastered some skills,they _ communicate with each other about them.7No matter how hard we push the donkey,it _ not move.Its really stubborn.8_ you make greater progress!9It _ be Tom.He has gone to Beijing.10He _ have known
25、 the news.shallwould willMaycantmay/might.翻译句子1你无论怎样称赞他都不过分。(cant.too much)2他有时一连坐好几个小时，什么事情也不做。(would)3旅游时每个市民务必带上身份证。(shall)4这份报告是精心写成的，所以应该是可靠的。(should)5他说的可能是真的吗？(can)答案：1You cant praise him too much.2He would sit there for hours sometimes,doing nothing at all.3Each citizen shall carry his/her i
26、dentification card when traveling.4The report is wellwritten,so it should be reliable.5Can what he said be true?.书面表达假如你是李华，请根据下面五幅图画写一篇100词左右的短文介绍庆祝春节的经过。范文：The Spring Festival was really full of fun.First,on the Lunar New Year Eve,we all gathered around having a big dinner.Then followed the Spring
27、 Festival Gala.As was expected,the Spring Festival Gala was really a hit.Many a star turned up on the stage,bringing us so much pleasure that we were all drowned in admiring their performances.The midnight saw us setting off the fireworks here and there to celebrate the beginning of a new year.Then we ate dumplings.Dressed up，we paid a visit door to door at dawn.We do hope we will have a good luck in the following year and we also do look forward to realizing all our dreams.